Name: Psychology Perspectives And Connections 3rd Edition by Gregory J. Feist Erika L. Rosenberg - Test Bank
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Sample Questions Posted Below

Student:

___________________________________________________________________________

Which of the following statements is true about identical twins?

Twins are identical mainly due to dizygotic fertilization.

In the womb, up to 5% of identical twins develop their own placenta.

Identical twins develop from one fertilized egg.

Identical twins turn out to be vastly different from each other in their personalities, intelligence, illness,

and disease histories.

The

_____________

is the first major organ to form in a developing fetus.

A. heart

B. brain

C. liver

D. kidney

3. During the development of a fetus, the

A. skull

B. liver

C. intestine

D. heart

___________

develops about a week after the brain.

4. The

____________

A. embryonic

B. fetal

C. germinal

D. cephalocaudal

stage of development begins at conception and lasts for two weeks.

5. When a sperm fertilizes an egg, the resulting single cell is known as a(n) _________

A. zygote

B. fetus

C. blastocyst

D. embryo

6. Which of the following occurs by day seven after conception?

A. The sex of the embryo is determined and appropriate genitalia develop.

B. Major organs like the heart, kidneys, and the brain begin to develop.

C. The sperm attaches itself to the female and egg and forms a zygote.

D. The blastocyst travels down the fallopian tube and attaches to the uterine wall.7. Which of the following is the correct order of prenatal development—from the earliest stage to the latest

stage?

A. Zygote, germinal stage, embryonic stage, fetal stage

B. Embryonic stage, germinal stage, fetal stage, zygote

C. Germinal stage, embryonic stage, fetal stage, zygote

D. Fetal stage, zygote, germinal stage, embryonic stage

8. The formation of the brain, spinal cord, heart, ears, eyes, and palate takes place in the

of development.

A. cephalocaudal

B. fetal

C. embryonic

D. germinal

___________

stage

9. The

___________

A. heart

B. intestine

C. liver

D. central nervous system

takes the longest amount of time to develop.

10. The second stage of prenatal development begins at about two weeks after conception. At this point, the

growing bundle of cells is called a(n) __________

A. blastocyst

B. embryo

C. fetus

D. zygote

11. The key event that distinguishes the embryonic stage from the third stage, the fetal stage, is the formation

of the

___________

A. bone cells

B. zygote

C. brain

D. blastocyst

12.

Bevin and Essien’s obstetrician tells them that their baby has entered the fetal stage. The key event that

distinguishes this stage from the embryonic stage is the development of

___________

in their baby.

A. brain

B. bone cells

C. limbs

D. external genitalia

13.

Karen has been using her stethoscope for many days to listen to her fetus’ heartbeat. Today, for the first

time, she detected her fetus’ heart beat. Karen must be at least

_____________

weeks pregnant.

A. two

B. five

C. six

D. eight14.

Find the correct statement about the embryonic stage:

It begins immediately after the zygote divides.

It begins when the fertilized egg is a single-celled zygote.

It starts at the moment of implantation.

It is marked by the formation of the major organs.

15.

In which of the following stages of prenatal development does the formation of arms and legs occur?

A. Germinal stage

B. Embryonic stage

C. Fetal stage

D. Blastocyst stage

16. The

______________

A. germinal

B. embryonic

C. fetal

D. blastocyst

stage of prenatal development begins 8 weeks after conception.

17. Between 8 and 12 weeks into development, ____________

A. the heartbeat of the fetus can be detected with a stethoscope

B. the vision of the fetus is fully developed

C. the neurons connecting the ear to the brain of the fetus are completely developed

D. the taste buds of a fetus are completely developed

18. A baby begins to move its limbs in the

A. germinal

B. embryonic

C. fetal

D. blastocyst

____________

stage of development.

19. Becky, who is pregnant, will most likely feel the fetus moving for the first time at about

after conception.

A. one to two months

B. two to three months

C. four to six months

D. seven to eight months

____________20.

Tevy and Gellert are convinced that their baby will be able to recognize their voices and familiar

songs at birth if they begin singing and talking to their baby before it is born. At which stage of

prenatal development should Tevy and Gellert expect their baby to be able to respond to these sounds?

A. Blastocyst stage

B. Embryonic stage

C. Fetal stage

D. Zygote stage

21. A fetus begins to respond to sound around

_____________

weeks after conception.

A. 8

B. 12

C. 18

D. 26

22. By 13 to 15 weeks after conception, ___________

A. the head of the fetus has grown to 70% of its adult weight

B. the vision of the fetus is fully developed

C. the neurons connecting the ear to the brain are complete

D. the taste buds of a fetus look very much like an adult’s

23.

Which of the following fetal reactions indicates attention, interest, or orienting response on the part of the

fetus?

A. Increased rate of neuron development

B. Slowed heart rate

C. Turning over of the fetus

D. Greater frequency of kicking

24. Which of the following reactions displayed by a fetus indicates fear or distress?

Decreased blood pressure

B. Increased rate of pruning

C. Increased heart rate

D. Increased rate of neuron development

25. Babies born prematurely—who would otherwise still be developing in the womb—prefer

flavors to other flavors.

______________

A. sweet

B. salty

C. sour

D. bitter

26.

The sense that is least well developed in the fetus is

___________

A. taste

B. vision

C. hearing

D. touch27. Which of the following statements is true regarding fetal vision?

A. Vision gets fully developed during the germinal stage.

B. By 13 to 15 weeks after conception, the vision of the fetus is very much like that of an adult.

C. At birth, infants are far-sighted.

D. Fetuses do not open their eyes when in the womb.

28. Infants cannot see as well as adults until they are at least

months old.

___________

A. two

B. four

C. six

D. eight

29. A teratogen is:

A. a brain region responsible for the ability to speak.

any substance that disrupts normal prenatal development.

C. a weak brain synapse that disappears at around age six.

D. a vital nutrient that helps a fetus develop properly.

30. Which of the following is true about pregnancy sickness?

A. The body has its own built-in toxin detector called pregnancy sickness.

B. Pregnancy sickness is worst during the second trimester of pregnancy.

C. Foods such as cheese and mushrooms help reduce pregnancy sickness.

D. Pregnancy sickness is also known as “evening sickness.

“

31.

can be defined as the process by which events in the womb alter the development of

____________

physical and psychological health.

A. Prenatal programming

B. Neuron migration

C. Pruning

D. Generativity

32.

Pregnancy sickness occurs most commonly with exposure to foods susceptible to molds and to

substances.

____________

A. sweet

B. spicy

C. salty

D. bitter

33. Epigenetics is the study of how

____________

A. a genetic disorder is passed on to sons but not to daughters

B. an individual gets affected by a recessive disorder

C. a dominant gene becomes resistant to change

D. the environment affects gene expression34.

If a mother contracts an infection, such as flu, at four to six months of pregnancy, this can increase the

chance that the child will develop _____________

later in life.

A. schizophrenia

B. Huntington’s disease

C. anorexia nervosa

D. anemia

35. Which of the following is true regarding alcohol consumption of the mother during pregnancy?

A. 1 to 2 drinks per day is known as a safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

A maximum of 4 drinks per month is known as a safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

C. 1 drink on an occasional basis is known as a safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

D. There is no known safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

36.

Which of the following is most likely to cause mental retardation, low birth weight, and behavioral

problems to a developing baby?

A. Anorexia nervosa

B. Diarrhea

C. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)

D. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

37. Which of the following is most likely to increase the risk of stillbirth?

A. Prescription drugs taken during pregnancy

B. Nicotine exposure from maternal smoking

C. Lack of vitamin B12 and folic acid in the mother’s diet

D. Developing an infection during pregnancy

38. Mothers who

_______________

are more likely to have infants who are temperamentally “difficult”

and “fussy.

“

A. are depressed or anxious

B. develop infections such as the flu towards the end of their pregnancy

C. consume less than the required amount of folic acid

D. develop gestational diabetes39.

A pediatrician is assessing nine-month-old Chiara’s motor development, which involves observing

changes in Chiara’s

_____________

physical movement and body control

emotional relationships with her parents and siblings

peer relationships and status

ability to see clearly and to recognize numbers

40. By ____________

A. two

B. three

C. four

D. six

41.

months, many babies can sit by themselves, without any help.

Which of the following senses develops to a greater extent after birth as compared to the fetal stage?

A. Vision

B. Hearing

C. Taste

D. Smell

42.

Which of the following senses is almost fully developed at birth?

A. Vision

B. Hearing

C. Touch

D. Smell

43. By age

A. 1 or 2

B. 3 or 4

C. 5 or 6

D. 8 or 9

____________, a child’s vision becomes similar to an adult’s. 44.

45. 46. Gibson and Walk’s classic visual cliff experiment on infants was designed to assess infants’

____________

A. brain-to-eye size ratio

B. ability to recognize faces

C. ability to detect colors

D. depth perception

With learning and experience certain synaptic connections become stronger, whereas those that do not

receive stimulation from the environment die off. This process is known as

___________

A. cognitive programming

B. pruning

C. rewiring

D. enriching

Which of the following is true of human brain development?

A. It is complete during the embryonic stage.

B. It is complete during the fetal stage.

C. It is complete at birth.

D. It continues after birth.

47.

Which of the following statements is true about pruning?

Problems with neural pruning may result in neurological disorders, such as autism or schizophrenia.

Pruning is usually independent of the quality of the environment in which the brain develops.

Neural pruning results in the huge increase in the number of neurons and stimulates the unused

neurons.

Normal and enriched environments create less developed neural connections.

48. 49. Gray matter is a measure of the number of

___________

A. axons

B. myelins

C. neurons

D. lobes

Which of the following statements is true regarding gray matter?

Increase in gray matter volume suggest pruning.

B. Gray matter starts to decline in adolescence.

C. Gray matter continues to grow into one’s 40s.

D. Gray matter consists of axons and myelin.50. 51. 52. 53. 54. Which of the following statements is true regarding white matter?

A. White matter is made up of the axons and myelin.

B. White matter starts to decline in adolescence.

C. Development of white matter is completed in the embryonic stage.

D. White matter is a measure of the number of neurons.

Young brains are more flexible because they have less

A. gray matter

B. number of neurons

C. number of axons

D. myelin

__________

Which of the following terms refers to the fatty insulation that makes nerve impulses travel faster?

A. Plasmalogen

B. Cephalin

C. Myelin sheath

D. Choline

As compared to nonmusicians, musicians have

A. larger cerebellums

B. fewer neurons

C. thinner corpus callosum

D. more white matter

_________

As compared to musicians, nonmusicians have

A. larger cerebellums

B. more neurons

C. thinner corpus callosum

D. fewer synapses

___________

55.

Which of the following is true of the effects of musical training?

It reduces neural activity in the hippocampus.

Neuroplastic effects of musical training last well into adulthood.

The earlier the musical training begins, the lesser is the degree of activation of the left-auditory cortex.

It has always caused brain growth.

56. Jean Piaget pioneered theories in

A. emotional

B. cognitive

C. language

D. moral

____________

development. 57.

Which of the following is the correct order of the stages of Piaget’s principles of cognitive development,

from earliest to latest?

A. Preoperational, sensorimotor, formal operational, concrete operational

B. Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational

C. Preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational, sensorimotor

D. Sensorimotor, preoperational, formal operational, concrete operational

58.

Eniko is currently 8 months old. According to Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, she is in the

______

stage of cognitive development.

sensorimotor

preoperational

concrete operational

formal operational

59. 60. 61. According to Piaget, mastering object permanence is the hallmark of the

development.

A. concrete operational

B. formal operational

C. sensorimotor

D. preoperational

___________

stage of cognitive

When a child recognizes that objects continue to exist, even when they are no longer in sight, they have

mastered the concept that Piaget referred to as:

A. object permanence.

object conservation.

C. pruning.

D. reversibility.

In which stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development does object permanence develop?

A. Sensorimotor

B. Preoperational

C. Concrete operational

D. Formal operational62.

During playtime, Jamal’s mother hid his toy under a blanket. Jamal, who is 9 months old, reacted to this

by looking for his toy under the blanket. According to Piaget, Jack has developed

___________

A. seriation

B. transduction

C. object permanence

D. hypothetico-deductive reasoning

63.

Which of the following is true of Piaget’s preoperational stage of cognitive development?

Object permanence begins to develop during this stage.

64. 65. 66. 67. Lack of conservation is one of the features of this stage.

C. Children gain the ability to reason about abstract concepts and problems during this stage.

D. This stage is marked by the development of the ability to reflect upon one’s thinking.

According to Piaget, animistic thinking is a characteristic of the

development.

A. sensorimotor

B. formal operational

C. concrete operational

D. preoperational

___________

stage of cognitive

According to Piaget, children move into the

2 and this period lasts until about age 5 or 6.

A. sensorimotor

B. preoperational

C. concrete operational

D. formal operational

____________

stage of cognitive development at around age

Entrance into Piaget’s preoperational stage of development is marked by ____________

A. emergence of symbolic thought

B. development of abstract reasoning

C. an understanding of conservation

D. the ability to reason scientifically

According to Piaget, egocentrism is a characteristic of the

development.

A. sensorimotor

B. formal operational

C. concrete operational

D. preoperational

_____________

stage of cognitive68. With reference to the stages of cognitive development introduced by Piaget, which of the following

statements is true regarding the preoperational stage?

A. During this stage children develop scientific reasoning and hypothesis-testing skills.

B. This stage is characterized my mastering object permanence.

Typically, children between the ages of 6 months to 1 year are in this stage.

D. During this stage children cannot recognize that amounts stay the same when shapes change.

69. Piaget and Inhelder (1967) designed the ‘three mountains task’ to measure young children’s

______________

A. individuation

B. object permanence

C. egocentrism

D. animistic thinking

70.

When asked where the sun goes at night, 4-year-old Kiet explains to his dad that it goes to sleep. Later

that day, Kiet gets upset because he believes his sister’s glass contains more juice than his glass. Both

glasses actually contain the same amount of juice, but Kiet is confused because of the tall and thin shape

of his sister’s glass. From these instances, we can say that Kiet is in the

____________

stage of Piaget’s

cognitive development.

A. sensorimotor

B. preoperational

C. concrete operations

D. formal operations

71.

Four-year-old Edana thinks it is raining because the clouds are sad and crying. According to Jean Piaget’s

stages of cognitive development, Edana is demonstrating ____________

in this scenario.

A. matter conservation

B. animistic thinking

C. egocentrism

D. social referencing

72. Which of the following is an example of animistic thinking?

A child believes that a tree is smiling and waving its limbs.

A child is unable to distinguish between the names of two animals.

A child cannot recognize that quantities remain the same even when shapes change.

A child realizes that objects still exist even when they are not being sensed.73.

is the tendency to view the world from one’s own perspective and not see things from

_____________

another person’s perspective.

A. Egocentrism

B. Object permanence

C. Animistic thinking

D. Pruning

74.

____________

is the ability to recognize that when some properties (such as shape) of an object change,

other properties (such as mass) remain constant.

A. Egocentrism

B. Object permanence

C. Animistic thinking

D. Conservation

75.

Three-year-old Devesh gets upset because he believes his sister’s glass has more juice than his glass does.

Both of them have the same amounts of juice but Devesh is confused because of the difference in the

shape of their juice glasses. According to Piaget, this would be an example of Devesh’s:

A. egocentrism.

B. animistic thinking.

C. lack of conservation.

D. lack of understanding of object permanence.

76. According to the Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, children between the age of 6 to 11 are in the

stage.

______________

A. preoperational

B. formal operational

C. concrete operational

D. sensorimotor

77. During Piaget’s third stage of cognitive development, called the concrete operational stage (ages 6-11),

children

____________

A. gain the ability to systematically solve problems without resorting to trial and error

B. gain the ability to reason about abstract concepts and problems

develop the ability to perform mental operations on real, or concrete, objects and events

D. develop the ability to realize that objects still exist when they are not being sensed

78. According to Piaget, children acquire the ability to conserve during the

development.

A. sensorimotor

B. concrete operational

C. preoperational

D. formal operational

___________

stage of cognitive

79.

According to Piaget, in the

child can directly observe.

______________

stage of cognitive development, logic is limited to what a

A. sensorimotor

B. formal operational

C. preoperational

D. concrete operational80. Which of the following statements is true regarding the concrete operational stage of Piaget’s theory of

cognitive development?

A. Typically, children between ages 2 and 4 are in this stage.

During this stage, logic remains concrete and limited to objects that a child directly observes.

According to Piaget, this is the last stage of cognitive development.

During this stage, children learn the concept of object permanence.

81. Which of the following statements is true regarding the formal operational stage of Piaget’s theory of

cognitive development?

During this stage formal logic becomes possible.

B. This is the second stage of cognitive development.

Typically, children between the ages of 2 to 4 years are in this stage.

D. During this stage children learn the concept of object permanence.

82. In which stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development does abstract and scientific reasoning

develop?

A. Formal operational

B. Preoperational

C. Concrete operational

D. Sensorimotor

83.

Twelve-year-old Allen argues that,

“If Shamus is a man, and all men are mortal, then Shamus is mortal.

“

Based on the information given in this statement, which of the following is most likely to be true about

Allen?

Allen is in the concrete operational stage of development of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.

In this stage, Allen’s logic remains concrete and limited to objects that he directly observes.

Allen is in the formal operational stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.

. Allen can perform mental operations—on real, or concrete, objects and events—but still has trouble

with abstract ideas and reasoning.84. The term

______________

A. cognitive programming

B. pruning

C. theory of mind

D. animistic thinking

refers to our knowledge and ideas of how other people’s minds work.

85. Psychologists created the false-belief task to determine when children develop ___________

A. egocentrism

B. animistic thinking

C. object permanence

D. theory of mind

86.

Quinn, who is in pre-school, was the only child to see the teacher take crackers out of the cracker box

and fill the box with potato chips instead. When asked what the other children will expect to find in the

cracker box, Quinn says “potato chips.

” This response is evidence that Quinn lacks:

A. object permanence.

B. conservation.

C. theory of mind.

D. egocentrism.

87. Kohlberg (1981) developed the “Heinz Dilemma” to assess

A. the development of moral reasoning in children

B. the physical development of children less than 5 years of age

C. the cognitive ability of children

D. the development of linguistic ability in children

___________

88.

According to the theory of moral reasoning developed by Kohlberg, ____________

developed level of moral reasoning.

level is the least

A. concrete operational

preconventional

C. formal operational

postconventional

89. Johnny says he will not drive above the speed limit simply because he does not want to pay the cost

of a speeding ticket. Based on this information, it can be concluded that Johnny is operating at the

_____________

stage of Kohlberg’s theory of moral reasoning.

A. sensorimotor

preconventional

C. concrete operational

D. preoperational90. 91. According to Kohlberg, how would a child whose thought is at the conventional level of moral reasoning

respond to the Heinz dilemma?

“Heinz should steal the drug! Who cares?”

“Heinz should not steal the drug because he will be caught and sent to jail.

“

“Heinz should steal the drug and not worry about punishment because it is the right thing to do.

“

“Heinz should not steal the drug, because stealing is wrong.

“

When Cathy was asked to respond to the Heinz dilemma developed by Kohlberg, she said,

“Although it

is legally wrong, Heinz should steal the drug to save his wife’s life. But he also has to be willing to suffer

the consequences and go to jail if need be.

” According to the theory of moral reasoning developed by

Kohlberg, Cathy is at the

_______________

stage of moral development.

postconventional

preconventional

C. concrete operational

preoperational

92. According to Kohlberg, a person who is at the

______________

level of moral development

acknowledges both the norm and the law, but argues that there are universal moral rules that may trump

unjust or immoral local rules.

A. concrete operational

preconventional

C. functional operational

postconventional

93.

According to Kohlberg, postconventional moral reasoning is based on:

avoidance of punishments.

the social consequences of an action.

C. universal moral principles.

individual moral temperaments.94.

Which of the following is the level of moral reasoning which, as proposed by Kohlberg, appears to be

limited to Western cultures?

Functional operational level

Postconventional level

Preoperational level

Conventional level

95. According to the model of temperament developed by Alexander Thomas and Stella Chess,

the

________________

child is predictable in daily functions, is happy most of the time, and is

adaptable.

A. difficult

B. conventional

C. slow-to-warm-up

D. easy

96.

According to the model of temperament developed by Alexander Thomas and Stella Chess, which of the

following statements is true regarding the difficult child?

The difficult child is slow to adapt to new situations.

The difficult child is happy most of the time.

The difficult child is predictable in daily functions

The difficult child is mildly irregular in the daily patterns of eating, sleeping, and eliminating.97.

According to the model of temperament developed by Alexander Thomas and Stella Chess, the

_____________

child is mildly intense in his or her reactions to new situations and mildly irregular in the

daily patterns of eating, sleeping, and eliminating.

A. difficult

B. conventional

C. slow-to-warm-up

D. easy

98. Some animals, especially birds, follow and imitate the first large creature they see immediately after

birth. This behavior is called

____________

A. pruning

B. imprinting

C. animistic thinking

D. egocentrism

99. In human development, ______________

life to keep infants close to their caregivers.

A. cognition

B. imprinting

C. attachment

D. sublimation

refers to the strong emotional connection that develops early in

100.

Nine-month-old Terrell is screaming and crying because his mother has dropped him off at the day care.

He displays this distress each time she leaves him. Terrell is likely experiencing _____

preoperational thinking

secure attachment

object permanence

separation anxiety

101.

Mary Ainsworth studied infant attachment with a procedure known as the

A. prison study

B. obedience experiment

C. strange situation

D. line judgment task

____________102.

According to the strange situation experiment conducted by Mary Ainsworth, ______________

infants

often show little to no distress in separation episodes, and when the mother returns, the infants tend to

ignore and avoid her, focusing instead on something else in the room.

A. insecure-resistant

B. insecure-avoidant

C. insecure-disoriented

D. insecure-disorganized

103.

With reference to the strange situation experiment conducted by Mary Ainsworth, ________________

infants cannot be comforted by the mother on reunion and show difficulty in returning to play.

A. insecure-resistant

B. insecure-avoidant

C. insecure-disorganized

D. insecure-disoriented

104.

With reference to the strange situation experiment conducted by Mary Ainsworth, ______________

infants show odd, conflicted behaviors in the strange situation.

A. insecure-resistant

B. insecure-avoidant

C. insecure-disoriented

D. insecure-attached

105.

With reference to the strange situation experiment conducted by Mary Ainsworth, the

_____________

classification is considered the most insecure because the infant’s fear of their attachment figure inhibits

the development of a strategy for effective regulation of stress.

A. insecure-attached

B. insecure-avoidant

C. insecure-resistant

D. insecure-disorganized

106.

Harry Harlow said that

_____________

is as essential a function of nursing in humans as is nutrition.

A. contact

B. protection

C. attention

D. training107.

Tiffany Field and her colleagues (1986) conducted an experiment to determine whether regular touch

might help tiny premature infants. During the experiment she found that the babies who received touch

therapy _____________

than those who did not.

A. cried less

B. gained significantly more weight

C. slept significantly more

D. fell ill more frequently

108.

is a movement disorder caused by brain damage at birth.

_______________

A. Schizophrenia

B. Bipolar disorder

C. Cerebral palsy

D. Osteoporosis

109.By the age of

______________, babies can discriminate between fearful and happy faces.

A. 2 years

B. 3 months

C. 1 year

D. 7 months

110.

Nine-year-old Jen has learnt to control her tears when she is in a social gathering. She also knows when it

is appropriate to smile in public. Based on this information, it can be said that Jen has

_____________

A. developed social referencing

B. achieved object permanence

developed emotional competence

D. mastered animistic thinking

111.Children begin to interact socially during play at about age

____________

A. two

B. three

C. four

D. five

112.

In an experiment conducted by Gjerde & Cardilla in 2009, children were assessed at age 3 and 4 on the

dimension of openness to new experiences. Then the same children were assessed again at ages 18 and

23. The study indicated that the open and imaginative young girls tended to become

_____________

young women.

A. self-assured and flexible

B. highly career oriented

C. anxious and self-doubting

D. emotionally sterile and calculating113.

In an experiment conducted by Gjerde & Cardilla in 2009, children were assessed at age 3 and 4 on the

dimension of openness to new experiences. Then the same children were assessed again at ages 18 and

23. The study indicated that the open and imaginative young boys tended to become

______________

young adults.

A. self-doubting

B. extremely emotional

C. anxious

D. self-assured and flexible

114.

One longitudinal study evaluated 1,000 New Zealand children over an 18-year period to try to understand

what childhood temperament predicts about adult personality and behavior. Eighteen years after the

initial assessment, the individuals whose parents had classified them as undercontrolled at age 3 were

likely to

_____________

A. be nonassertive and over anxious

B. engage in thrill-seeking behaviors

C. suffer from prolonged depression

D. attempt suicide

115.Adolescence is the transition period between childhood and early adulthood, beginning at about age 11 or

12 and lasting until around age

_____________

A. 15

B. 18

C. 22

D. 25

116.The

__________________ glands are also called gonads.

A. parathyroid

adrenaline

C. sex

D. alveolar

117.On average, girls reach puberty at about age

______________

A. 9

B. 11

C. 13

D. 15

118.On average, boys reach puberty at about age

______________

A. 9

B. 11

C. 13

D. 15119.Which of the following glands sends hormonal signals to the sex glands, telling them to mature?

A. Parathyroid

Adrenaline

C. Alveolar

D. Pituitary

120.The female gonads are called

A. vagina

B. fallopian tubes

C. ovaries

D. uteri

_____________

121.The male gonads are called

A. testes

B. thymus

C. penises

D. adrenals

______________

122.

Lee, who is thirteen, is experiencing new growth of facial and pubic hair, a deepening of his voice, and

a widening of his shoulders. Which of the following hormones is responsible for these developments?

A. Leptin

B. Estrogen

C. Testosterone

D. Oxytocin

123.

is the sex hormone that initiates the growth of breasts, widening of hips, and increase in

____________

body fat in girls.

A. Testosterone

B. Estradiol

C. Leptin

D. Oxytocin

124.

marks the beginning of adolescence.

_____________

A. Symbolic thinking

B. Puberty

C. Animistic thinking

D. Egocentrism

125.Which of the following is a primary problem of adolescence?

In boys, the event that signals readiness to reproduce is menarche.

B. Boys are not able to engage in scientific reasoning and hypothesis testing.

C. In boys and girls, the body is ready for parenthood far earlier than the mind is.

D. Boys and girls do not gain the ability to reason about abstract concepts and problems.

126.The

_____________

adolescence or early adulthood.

A. abducens nuclei

B. medulla oblongata

C. globose nuclei

D. frontal lobes

are the last areas of the brain to fully develop, and they continue to mature until late127.Which of the following occurs after the frontal lobes have developed more fully?

A. Animistic thinking increases.

B. Heart rate decreases.

C. Scientific thinking becomes possible.

D. The possibility of developing anorexia nervosa increases.

128.

Which of the following statements is true about brain development during adolescence?

Brain development starts in adolescence, with the frontal lobes being the first part of the brain to

develop.

The brain develops more myelin around the axons as well as more neural connections.

Animistic thinking begins during adolescence.

Egocentrism is the hallmark of brain development in adolescence.

129.Myelination proceeds from the

A. bottom of the brain to the top

B. top of the brain to the bottom

_____________

during the period from childhood to adolescence.

frontal lobes to the back of the brain

D. back of the brain to the frontal lobes

130.Which of the following statements is true regarding myelination?

A. The process of myelination is complete before the age of 10.

B. Myelination proceeds from the front of the brain to the back.

C. The rate and locations of myelination differs between boys and girls.

D. In boys, the increased white matter organization occurs in the right hemisphere.

131.Synaptic pruning refers to the process during which:

A. the rarely used synapses die off to make the brain more efficient.

B. children develop egocentrism.

C. the size of the frontal lobe increases.

D. new synapses are formed in order to accommodate newer knowledge and scientific thought.

132.

Philip Shaw and colleagues in 2006 demonstrated that the brains of highly intelligent children, as

compared to the brains of children with average intelligence, have a

_____________

A. thicker frontal cortex at age seven

B. thinner cortex at age nine

thicker frontal cortex at midadolescence

D. thinner cortex at age nineteen133.

During complex and demanding tasks, teens

________________

A. distribute the workload evenly throughout the brain

B. overload their frontal lobes

C. distribute the workload evenly between abducens nucleus and globose nucleus

D. overload their flocculonodular lobe

134.With the onset of puberty and adolescence, children begin to focus on

A. egocentrism

B. developing their animistic thinking

C. the questions of who they are

D. motor skills

____________

135.Having close, intimate friends during adolescence is more likely to be associated with

_____________

A. poorer performance in school

B. more conflicts with authority figures

C. feelings of self-worth in adulthood

D. more conflicts with parents

136.

In the teen years, _____________

start to replace parents as a source of identification.

teachers

seniors

siblings

peers

137.

According to Erik Erikson, a(n) _____________

adjustment.

is an opportunity for adaptive or maladaptive

identity crisis

B. sensorimotor stage

C. pruning

D. neural migration138.

Arnett calls the phase between adolescence and young adulthood

18-25 years.

____________, which spans the ages

primary adulthood

emerging adulthood

early adulthood

preliminary adulthood

139.Although much brain development has happened by the time of emerging adulthood, the brain continues

to change and grow. The prefrontal cortex continues to develop and fibers there are increasingly

_____________, which facilitates neural communication.

A. rewired

B. migrated

C. myelinated

D. pruned

140.

During their studies in 2009, Aberg and colleagues found positive correlation between

and better cognitive scores.

______________

A. vision

muscular strength

C. size of the anterior lobe

D. cardiovascular fitness

141.Which among the following is the clearest marker of reaching adulthood?

A. Animistic thinking

B. Having a child

C. Symbolic thinking

Graduating

142.

According to Erik Erikson, during one’s 20s, the primary conflict is between

___________

A. intimacy and isolation

B. career and family

C. integrity and despair

D. generativity and stagnation143.

Erik Erikson defined

of losing it.

______________

A. pruning

B. rewiring

C. intimacy

D. object permanence

144.

Which are the biggest predictors of hearing loss?

A. Social class and gender

B. Profession and social class

Ethnicity, cultural environment, and gender

as the ability to fuse one’s identity with another’s without the fear

Age, gender and profession

145.According to Jung, individuation is the process by which:

A. a person’s personality becomes whole and full.

B. neurons move from one part of the brain to their more permanent home.

C. unused synapses die off to make the brain more efficient.

the individual becomes more self-focused than oriented toward others and does not contribute in a

productive way to society or family.

146.

Erik Erikson proposed that in midlife one confronts the crisis between

____________

A. career and family

B. intimacy and isolation

C. generativity versus stagnation

D. creativity and conventionality

147.Erik Erikson defined

A. pruning

B. neural migration

C. prenatal programming

D. generativity

_______________

as the creation of new ideas, products, or people.

148.According to Erik Erikson, parenting, starting a business, and creating a work of art are examples of

____________

A. neural migration

B. generativity

C. individuation

D. stagnation149.

According to Erik Erikson, stagnation occurs when:

A. the adult becomes more self-focused than oriented toward others.

B. neurons move from one part of the brain to their more permanent home.

C. unused synapses die off to make the brain more efficient.

D. events in the womb alter the development of physical and psychological health.

150.Which of the following is true about late adulthood?

A. Late adulthood begins around age 55.

The numbers of neurons (gray matter) increases in late adulthood.

C. The older brain does not change as rapidly as the younger brain, but it remains dynamic.

The kind of memory involved in processing and maintaining information while making decisions

strengthens in late adulthood.

151.

______________

intelligence involves raw mental ability, pattern recognition, and abstract reasoning and

is applied to a problem that a person has never confronted before.

A. Crystallized

B. Alternative

C. Fluid

D. Amorphous

152.Problems that require finding relationships, understanding implications, and drawing conclusions all

______________

intelligence.

require

A. fluid

B. alternative

C. crystallized

D. amorphous

153.

Knowledge that one has gained from experience and learning, education, and practice, is called

______________

intelligence.

A. amorphous

B. crystallized

C. alternative

D. fluid

154.Which of the following statements is true regarding crystallized intelligence?

A. Crystallized intelligence involves raw mental ability, pattern recognition, and abstract reasoning.

B. Neither culture nor vocabulary influence crystallized intelligence.

C. Typically, crystallized intelligence is applied to a problem that a person has never confronted before.

D. Crystallized intelligence is strengthened in middle adulthood.155.

Nathan’s uncle asks him whether Chihuahua is to dog as flamingo is to bird. Which of the following

statements is true about this scenario?

This is an example of a problem for which Nathan requires crystallized intelligence.

This problem can be answered by Nathan using raw mental ability and abstract reasoning.

Neither culture nor vocabulary influence Nathan’s ability to answer this problem.

Nathan’s ability to answer this problem does not depend on his learning and education.

156.Which of the following is most likely to reduce cognitive decline with aging?

A. Reading in early childhood

B. Sleeping for more than 8 hours every day

C. Exercising

D. Playing a musical instrument

157.One cognitive benefit of aging is

good judgment.

A. fluid intelligence

B. wisdom

C. bodily-kinesthetic intelligence

D. crystallized intelligence

____________, the ability to live well, know what is important, and use

158.

_______________

is an unusual degree of loss in cognitive functions and includes memory problems and

difficulty reasoning, solving problems, making decisions, and using language.

A. Bipolar disorder

B. Cerebral palsy

C. Huntington’s disease

D. Dementia

159.Which of the following is most likely to be a risk factor for dementia?

A. Age

B. Gender

C. Ethnicity

D. Social class

160.Which of the following is true about dementia?

A. Aging is a necessary and sufficient cause of dementia.

B. Neurological conditions such as strokes can lead to dementia among the elderly.

C. Dementia can lead to multiple strokes among the elderly.

D. Pruning in early childhood is a significant cause of dementia in late adulthood.161.When a blood vessel that serves the brain is blocked, the brain tissue served by that vessel

does not receive the oxygen and nutrients it needs, and so the tissue dies. This is referred to as

_____________

A. Parkinson’s disease

B. a bipolar disorder

C. a stroke

D. Alzheimer’s disease

162.

________________

is a degenerative disease marked by progressive cognitive decline with symptoms

including confusion, memory loss, mood swings, and eventual loss of physical function.

Down’s syndrome

B. Alzheimer’s disease

C. Schizophrenia

D. Bipolar disorder

163.

_______________

accounts for 60–70 percent of the cases of dementia among the elderly.

A. Bipolar disorder

B. Schizophrenia

C. Down syndrome

D. Alzheimer’s disease

164.The defining anatomical feature of Alzheimer’s is

A. the presence of bromelain in the brain

B. the absence of synapses in the frontal cortex

C. the presence of patches of dead tissue in the brain

D. the absence of neurons in the posterior cortex

____________

165.

Which of the following statements is true about Alzheimer’s disease?

Early-onset of Alzheimer’s affects people younger than 35.

Currently, the only way Alzheimer’s can be diagnosed definitively is by examining brain tissue after

death.

Alzheimer’s accounts for only 10%-20% of the cases of dementia among the elderly.

Alzheimer’s is non-progressive, and hence its fatality level is low.166.

Low levels of the neurotransmitter

Alzheimer’s disease.

________________

inhibit memory formation in people with

A. acetylcholine

B. dopamine

C. serotonin

D. norepinephrine

167.Some evidence suggests that

______________

might offset or even prevent the kind of neural

degeneration seen in Alzheimer’s and other age-related brain disorders.

A. pruning

B. neurogenesis

C. neural migration

D. individuation

168.

According to Erik Erikson’s theory of personality development, the conflict of old age is between

_________________

A. intimacy and isolation

B. career and family

C. integrity and despair

D. generativity and stagnation

169.

Which of the following statements is true about aerobic exercising?

Such brisk physical activity is usually dangerous to the heart and lungs and can cause death among

adults and aged people.

Research suggests that it can actually make the brain grow.

It fails to meet the body’s increased need for oxygen.

It results in decline in higher mental processing of an individual.170.

According to Erik Erikson’s theory of personality development, the core strength of old age is

________________

A. emotional intelligence

B. exuberance

lack of fear

D. wisdom

171.

Which of the following is true about integrity in of the context of Erik Erikson’s theory of personality

development?

Integrity is the sense that all of one’s life decisions are coming together.

B. Integrity is being informed and knowledgeable about life.

C. Integrity is the creation of new ideas, products, or people.

D. Integrity is the ability to fuse one’s identity with another’s without the fear of losing it.

172.

Elizabeth Kübler-Ross (1969) detailed the stages people may move through after learning they are going

to die and found their first stage in dealing with the end of life is

___________

A. bargaining

B. depression

C. anger

D. denial

173.

Elizabeth Kübler-Ross (1969) detailed the stages people may move through after learning they are going

to die and found their last stage in dealing with the end of life is

____________

A. acceptance

B. depression

C. anger

D. denial

174.

_______________

focus on the overall needs of the patient and family members, such as physical

comfort, emotional care, and a dignified death.

A. Hospitals

B. Intensive care units

C. Hospices

D. Diagnostic centers175.

is by far the most popular form of technology used in infancy.

______________

A. Computer

Cellphone

C. Video game

D. Television

176.According to research, video games can

A. enhance mathematical skills in adolescents

B. impair linguistic skills

C. impair motor skills

D. enhance cognitive skills such as visual tracking

_____________

177.

According to the research conducted by Vandewater, Shim, & Caplovitz in 2004, heavy amounts of video

gaming–but not TV viewing–are associated with being ______

in children.

overweight

blind

depressed

violent

178.

Beginning at age

_____, children are quite mobile, able to get around, speak in sentences, and have motor

coordination which allows them to draw and write.

12179.Which of the following age groups is most influenced by technology?

Infants

Babies

C. Adolescents

D. Elderly adults

180.

Identify the correct statement about multitasking among teens.

Heavy multitasking teens are able to filter out more irrelevant information than any other age group in

any given situation.

As novice drivers, teens require more attention to complete the tasks of safely operating and navigating

a motor vehicle.

. While driving and using a hands-free cell phone, the reaction time and coordination of teens is much

better than someone who is legally drunk.

Light multitaskers are less likely to get distracted while working on problem-solving tasks.

181.

The anterior cingulate will show the strongest activity when

A. talking on cell phones

exposed to violence in video games

_____________

engaged in challenging Mensa puzzles

D. texting in the classroom

182.

Which of the following terms can be defined as the willful and repeated harm inflicted through the

medium of electronic text?

A. Cyberbullying

B. Phishing

C. Pruning

D. Brandjacking183.

Most developmental psychologists place

______

middle adulthood

late adulthood

emerging adulthood

early adulthood

between the ages of 40 and 60 or 65.1.

(p. 160)

(p. 161)

5 Key

Which of the following statements is true about identical twins?

Twins are identical mainly due to dizygotic fertilization.

In the womb, up to 5% of identical twins develop their own placenta.

Identical twins develop from one fertilized egg.

Identical twins turn out to be vastly different from each other in their personalities, intelligence,

illness, and disease histories.

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Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #1

Topic: Prenatal

The

_____________

is the first major organ to form in a developing fetus.

A. heart

B. brain

C. liver

D. kidney

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Feist – Chapter 05 #2

Topic: Prenatal

During the development of a fetus, the

A. skull

B. liver

C. intestine

D. heart

___________

develops about a week after the brain.

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Feist – Chapter 05 #3

Topic: Prenatal4.

(p. 161)

(p. 161-

162)

(p. 162)

The

____________

A. embryonic

B. fetal

C. germinal

D. cephalocaudal

stage of development begins at conception and lasts for two weeks.

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Feist – Chapter 05 #4

Topic: Prenatal

When a sperm fertilizes an egg, the resulting single cell is known as a(n) _________

A. zygote

B. fetus

C. blastocyst

D. embryo

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Feist – Chapter 05 #5

Topic: Prenatal

Which of the following occurs by day seven after conception?

A. The sex of the embryo is determined and appropriate genitalia develop.

B. Major organs like the heart, kidneys, and the brain begin to develop.

C. The sperm attaches itself to the female and egg and forms a zygote.

D. The blastocyst travels down the fallopian tube and attaches to the uterine wall.

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Feist – Chapter 05 #6

Topic: Prenatal

Which of the following is the correct order of prenatal development—from the earliest stage to the

latest stage?

A. Zygote, germinal stage, embryonic stage, fetal stage

B. Embryonic stage, germinal stage, fetal stage, zygote

C. Germinal stage, embryonic stage, fetal stage, zygote

D. Fetal stage, zygote, germinal stage, embryonic stage

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Feist – Chapter 05 #7

Topic: Prenatal

___________

The formation of the brain, spinal cord, heart, ears, eyes, and palate takes place in the

stage of development.

A. cephalocaudal

B. fetal

C. embryonic

D. germinal

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Feist – Chapter 05 #8

Topic: Prenatal9.

(p. 162)

10.

(p. 162)

11.

(p. 162)

12.

(p. 162)

The

___________

A. heart

B. intestine

C. liver

D. central nervous system

takes the longest amount of time to develop.

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Feist – Chapter 05 #9

Topic: Prenatal

The second stage of prenatal development begins at about two weeks after conception. At this point,

the growing bundle of cells is called a(n) __________

A. blastocyst

B. embryo

C. fetus

D. zygote

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Feist – Chapter 05 #10

Topic: Prenatal

The key event that distinguishes the embryonic stage from the third stage, the fetal stage, is the

formation of the

A. bone cells

B. zygote

C. brain

D. blastocyst

___________

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Feist – Chapter 05 #11

Topic: Prenatal

Bevin and Essien’s obstetrician tells them that their baby has entered the fetal stage. The key event that

distinguishes this stage from the embryonic stage is the development of

___________

in their baby.

A. brain

B. bone cells

C. limbs

D. external genitalia

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Feist – Chapter 05 #12

Topic: Prenatal13.

(p. 162)

14.

(p. 162)

15.

(p. 162)

Karen has been using her stethoscope for many days to listen to her fetus’ heartbeat. Today, for the

first time, she detected her fetus’ heart beat. Karen must be at least

_____________

weeks pregnant.

A. two

B. five

C. six

D. eight

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Feist – Chapter 05 #13

Topic: Prenatal

Find the correct statement about the embryonic stage:

It begins immediately after the zygote divides.

It begins when the fertilized egg is a single-celled zygote.

It starts at the moment of implantation.

It is marked by the formation of the major organs.

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Feist – Chapter 05 #14

Topic: Prenatal

In which of the following stages of prenatal development does the formation of arms and legs occur?

A. Germinal stage

B. Embryonic stage

C. Fetal stage

D. Blastocyst stage

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Feist – Chapter 05 #15

Topic: Prenatal16.

(p. 162)

17.

(p. 162)

18.

(p. 162)

19.

(p. 162)

20.

(p. 162)

The

______________

A. germinal

B. embryonic

C. fetal

D. blastocyst

stage of prenatal development begins 8 weeks after conception.

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Feist – Chapter 05 #16

Topic: Prenatal

Between 8 and 12 weeks into development, ____________

A. the heartbeat of the fetus can be detected with a stethoscope

B. the vision of the fetus is fully developed

C. the neurons connecting the ear to the brain of the fetus are completely developed

D. the taste buds of a fetus are completely developed

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Feist – Chapter 05 #17

Topic: Prenatal

A baby begins to move its limbs in the

A. germinal

B. embryonic

C. fetal

D. blastocyst

____________

stage of development.

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Feist – Chapter 05 #18

Topic: Prenatal

Becky, who is pregnant, will most likely feel the fetus moving for the first time at about

____________

after conception.

A. one to two months

B. two to three months

C. four to six months

D. seven to eight months

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Feist – Chapter 05 #19

Topic: Prenatal

Tevy and Gellert are convinced that their baby will be able to recognize their voices and familiar

songs at birth if they begin singing and talking to their baby before it is born. At which stage of

prenatal development should Tevy and Gellert expect their baby to be able to respond to these sounds?

A. Blastocyst stage

B. Embryonic stage

C. Fetal stage

D. Zygote stage

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Feist – Chapter 05 #20

Topic: Prenatal21.

(p. 162)

22.

(p. 164)

23.

(p. 162)

24.

(p. 162)

25.

(p. 164)

A fetus begins to respond to sound around

_____________

A. 8

B. 12

C. 18

D. 26

weeks after conception.

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Feist – Chapter 05 #21

Topic: Prenatal

By 13 to 15 weeks after conception, ___________

A. the head of the fetus has grown to 70% of its adult weight

B. the vision of the fetus is fully developed

C. the neurons connecting the ear to the brain are complete

D. the taste buds of a fetus look very much like an adult’s

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Feist – Chapter 05 #22

Topic: Prenatal

Which of the following fetal reactions indicates attention, interest, or orienting response on the part of

the fetus?

A. Increased rate of neuron development

B. Slowed heart rate

C. Turning over of the fetus

D. Greater frequency of kicking

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Feist – Chapter 05 #23

Topic: Prenatal

Which of the following reactions displayed by a fetus indicates fear or distress?

Decreased blood pressure

B. Increased rate of pruning

C. Increased heart rate

D. Increased rate of neuron development

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Feist – Chapter 05 #24

Topic: Prenatal

Babies born prematurely—who would otherwise still be developing in the womb—prefer

flavors to other flavors.

______________

A. sweet

B. salty

C. sour

D. bitter

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Feist – Chapter 05 #25

Topic: Prenatal26.

(p. 165)

27.

(p. 165)

28.

(p. 165)

29.

(p. 165)

30.

(p. 165)

The sense that is least well developed in the fetus is

___________

A. taste

B. vision

C. hearing

D. touch

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Feist – Chapter 05 #26

Topic: Prenatal

Which of the following statements is true regarding fetal vision?

A. Vision gets fully developed during the germinal stage.

B. By 13 to 15 weeks after conception, the vision of the fetus is very much like that of an adult.

C. At birth, infants are far-sighted.

D. Fetuses do not open their eyes when in the womb.

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Feist – Chapter 05 #27

Topic: Prenatal

Infants cannot see as well as adults until they are at least

___________

A. two

B. four

C. six

D. eight

months old.

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Feist – Chapter 05 #28

Topic: Prenatal

A teratogen is:

A. a brain region responsible for the ability to speak.

any substance that disrupts normal prenatal development.

C. a weak brain synapse that disappears at around age six.

D. a vital nutrient that helps a fetus develop properly.

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Feist – Chapter 05 #29

Topic: Prenatal

Which of the following is true about pregnancy sickness?

A. The body has its own built-in toxin detector called pregnancy sickness.

B. Pregnancy sickness is worst during the second trimester of pregnancy.

C. Foods such as cheese and mushrooms help reduce pregnancy sickness.

D. Pregnancy sickness is also known as “evening sickness.

“

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Feist – Chapter 05 #30

Topic: Prenatal31.

(p. 165)

32.

(p. 165)

33.

(p. 165)

34.

(p. 166)

can be defined as the process by which events in the womb alter the development of

____________

physical and psychological health.

A. Prenatal programming

B. Neuron migration

C. Pruning

D. Generativity

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #31

Topic: Prenatal

Pregnancy sickness occurs most commonly with exposure to foods susceptible to molds and to

substances.

____________

A. sweet

B. spicy

C. salty

D. bitter

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #32

Topic: Prenatal

Epigenetics is the study of how

____________

A. a genetic disorder is passed on to sons but not to daughters

B. an individual gets affected by a recessive disorder

C. a dominant gene becomes resistant to change

D. the environment affects gene expression

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #33

Topic: Prenatal

If a mother contracts an infection, such as flu, at four to six months of pregnancy, this can increase the

chance that the child will develop _____________

later in life.

A. schizophrenia

B. Huntington’s disease

C. anorexia nervosa

D. anemia

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #34

Topic: Prenatal35.

(p. 166)

36.

(p. 166)

37.

(p. 166)

38.

(p. 166)

Which of the following is true regarding alcohol consumption of the mother during pregnancy?

A. 1 to 2 drinks per day is known as a safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

A maximum of 4 drinks per month is known as a safe level of alcohol consumption during

pregnancy.

C. 1 drink on an occasional basis is known as a safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

D. There is no known safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #35

Topic: Environmental Influences on Fetal Development

Which of the following is most likely to cause mental retardation, low birth weight, and behavioral

problems to a developing baby?

A. Anorexia nervosa

B. Diarrhea

C. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)

D. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #36

Topic: Prenatal

Which of the following is most likely to increase the risk of stillbirth?

A. Prescription drugs taken during pregnancy

B. Nicotine exposure from maternal smoking

C. Lack of vitamin B12 and folic acid in the mother’s diet

D. Developing an infection during pregnancy

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #37

Topic: Prenatal

are more likely to have infants who are temperamentally “difficult”

Mothers who

_______________

and “fussy.

“

A. are depressed or anxious

B. develop infections such as the flu towards the end of their pregnancy

C. consume less than the required amount of folic acid

D. develop gestational diabetes

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #38

Topic: Prenatal39.

(p. 167)

40.

(p. 168)

41.

(p. 168-

169)

A pediatrician is assessing nine-month-old Chiara’s motor development, which involves observing

changes in Chiara’s

_____________

physical movement and body control

emotional relationships with her parents and siblings

peer relationships and status

ability to see clearly and to recognize numbers

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #39

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

By ____________

A. two

B. three

C. four

D. six

months, many babies can sit by themselves, without any help.

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #40

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Which of the following senses develops to a greater extent after birth as compared to the fetal stage?

A. Vision

B. Hearing

C. Taste

D. Smell

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #41

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy42.

(p. 168)

43.

(p. 168)

44.

(p. 169)

45.

(p. 169)

Which of the following senses is almost fully developed at birth?

A. Vision

B. Hearing

C. Touch

D. Smell

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #42

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

By age

A. 1 or 2

B. 3 or 4

C. 5 or 6

D. 8 or 9

____________, a child’s vision becomes similar to an adult’s.

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #43

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Gibson and Walk’s classic visual cliff experiment on infants was designed to assess infants’

____________

A. brain-to-eye size ratio

B. ability to recognize faces

C. ability to detect colors

D. depth perception

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #44

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

With learning and experience certain synaptic connections become stronger, whereas those that do not

receive stimulation from the environment die off. This process is known as

___________

A. cognitive programming

B. pruning

C. rewiring

D. enriching

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #45

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy46.

(p. 170)

47.

(p. 170)

48.

(p. 170)

Which of the following is true of human brain development?

A. It is complete during the embryonic stage.

B. It is complete during the fetal stage.

C. It is complete at birth.

D. It continues after birth.

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #46

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Which of the following statements is true about pruning?

Problems with neural pruning may result in neurological disorders, such as autism or

schizophrenia.

Pruning is usually independent of the quality of the environment in which the brain develops.

Neural pruning results in the huge increase in the number of neurons and stimulates the unused

neurons.

Normal and enriched environments create less developed neural connections.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #47

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Gray matter is a measure of the number of

A. axons

B. myelins

C. neurons

D. lobes

___________

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #48

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy49.

(p. 170)

50.

(p. 170)

51.

(p. 171)

52.

(p. 171)

53.

(p. 172)

Which of the following statements is true regarding gray matter?

Increase in gray matter volume suggest pruning.

B. Gray matter starts to decline in adolescence.

C. Gray matter continues to grow into one’s 40s.

D. Gray matter consists of axons and myelin.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #49

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Which of the following statements is true regarding white matter?

A. White matter is made up of the axons and myelin.

B. White matter starts to decline in adolescence.

C. Development of white matter is completed in the embryonic stage.

D. White matter is a measure of the number of neurons.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #50

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Young brains are more flexible because they have less

A. gray matter

B. number of neurons

C. number of axons

D. myelin

__________

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #51

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Which of the following terms refers to the fatty insulation that makes nerve impulses travel faster?

A. Plasmalogen

B. Cephalin

C. Myelin sheath

D. Choline

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #52

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

As compared to nonmusicians, musicians have

A. larger cerebellums

B. fewer neurons

C. thinner corpus callosum

D. more white matter

_________

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #53

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy54.

(p. 172)

55.

(p. 172)

56.

(p. 173)

As compared to musicians, nonmusicians have

A. larger cerebellums

B. more neurons

C. thinner corpus callosum

D. fewer synapses

___________

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #54

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Which of the following is true of the effects of musical training?

It reduces neural activity in the hippocampus.

Neuroplastic effects of musical training last well into adulthood.

The earlier the musical training begins, the lesser is the degree of activation of the left-auditory

cortex.

It has always caused brain growth.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #55

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Jean Piaget pioneered theories in

A. emotional

B. cognitive

C. language

D. moral

____________

development.

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #56

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy57.

(p. 174)

58.

(p. 174)

59.

(p. 174)

Which of the following is the correct order of the stages of Piaget’s principles of cognitive

development, from earliest to latest?

A. Preoperational, sensorimotor, formal operational, concrete operational

B. Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational

C. Preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational, sensorimotor

D. Sensorimotor, preoperational, formal operational, concrete operational

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #57

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Eniko is currently 8 months old. According to Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, she is in the

______

stage of cognitive development.

sensorimotor

preoperational

concrete operational

formal operational

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #58

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

stage of

According to Piaget, mastering object permanence is the hallmark of the

cognitive development.

A. concrete operational

B. formal operational

C. sensorimotor

D. preoperational

___________

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #59

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy60.

(p. 174)

61.

(p. 174)

62.

(p. 174)

63.

(p. 175)

When a child recognizes that objects continue to exist, even when they are no longer in sight, they

have mastered the concept that Piaget referred to as:

A. object permanence.

object conservation.

C. pruning.

D. reversibility.

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #60

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

In which stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development does object permanence develop?

A. Sensorimotor

B. Preoperational

C. Concrete operational

D. Formal operational

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #61

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

During playtime, Jamal’s mother hid his toy under a blanket. Jamal, who is 9 months old, reacted to

this by looking for his toy under the blanket. According to Piaget, Jack has developed

___________

A. seriation

B. transduction

C. object permanence

D. hypothetico-deductive reasoning

APA Outcome: 5.3 Describe applications that employ discipline-based problem solving

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Feist – Chapter 05 #62

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Which of the following is true of Piaget’s preoperational stage of cognitive development?

Object permanence begins to develop during this stage.

Lack of conservation is one of the features of this stage.

C. Children gain the ability to reason about abstract concepts and problems during this stage.

D. This stage is marked by the development of the ability to reflect upon one’s thinking.

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #63

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy64.

(p. 175)

65.

(p. 175)

66.

(p. 175)

67.

(p. 175)

According to Piaget, animistic thinking is a characteristic of the

development.

A. sensorimotor

B. formal operational

C. concrete operational

D. preoperational

___________

stage of cognitive

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #64

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

stage of cognitive development at around

According to Piaget, children move into the

____________

age 2 and this period lasts until about age 5 or 6.

A. sensorimotor

B. preoperational

C. concrete operational

D. formal operational

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #65

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Entrance into Piaget’s preoperational stage of development is marked by ____________

A. emergence of symbolic thought

B. development of abstract reasoning

C. an understanding of conservation

D. the ability to reason scientifically

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #66

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

According to Piaget, egocentrism is a characteristic of the

development.

A. sensorimotor

B. formal operational

C. concrete operational

D. preoperational

_____________

stage of cognitive

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #67

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy68.

(p. 175)

69.

(p. 175)

70.

(p. 175-

177)

71.

(p. 175)

With reference to the stages of cognitive development introduced by Piaget, which of the following

statements is true regarding the preoperational stage?

A. During this stage children develop scientific reasoning and hypothesis-testing skills.

B. This stage is characterized my mastering object permanence.

Typically, children between the ages of 6 months to 1 year are in this stage.

D. During this stage children cannot recognize that amounts stay the same when shapes change.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #68

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Piaget and Inhelder (1967) designed the ‘three mountains task’ to measure young children’s

______________

A. individuation

B. object permanence

C. egocentrism

D. animistic thinking

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #69

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

When asked where the sun goes at night, 4-year-old Kiet explains to his dad that it goes to sleep. Later

that day, Kiet gets upset because he believes his sister’s glass contains more juice than his glass. Both

glasses actually contain the same amount of juice, but Kiet is confused because of the tall and thin

shape of his sister’s glass. From these instances, we can say that Kiet is in the

____________

stage of

Piaget’s cognitive development.

A. sensorimotor

B. preoperational

C. concrete operations

D. formal operations

APA Outcome: 5.3 Describe applications that employ discipline-based problem solving

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Feist – Chapter 05 #70

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Four-year-old Edana thinks it is raining because the clouds are sad and crying. According to Jean

Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, Edana is demonstrating ____________

in this scenario.

A. matter conservation

B. animistic thinking

C. egocentrism

D. social referencing

APA Outcome: 5.3 Describe applications that employ discipline-based problem solving

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Feist – Chapter 05 #71

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy72.

(p. 175)

73.

(p. 175)

74.

(p. 176)

Which of the following is an example of animistic thinking?

A child believes that a tree is smiling and waving its limbs.

A child is unable to distinguish between the names of two animals.

A child cannot recognize that quantities remain the same even when shapes change.

A child realizes that objects still exist even when they are not being sensed.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #72

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

is the tendency to view the world from one’s own perspective and not see things from

_____________

another person’s perspective.

A. Egocentrism

B. Object permanence

C. Animistic thinking

D. Pruning

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #73

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

____________

is the ability to recognize that when some properties (such as shape) of an object

change, other properties (such as mass) remain constant.

A. Egocentrism

B. Object permanence

C. Animistic thinking

D. Conservation

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #74

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy75.

(p. 176-

177)

76.

(p. 177)

77.

(p. 177)

78.

(p. 177)

Three-year-old Devesh gets upset because he believes his sister’s glass has more juice than his glass

does. Both of them have the same amounts of juice but Devesh is confused because of the difference

in the shape of their juice glasses. According to Piaget, this would be an example of Devesh’s:

A. egocentrism.

B. animistic thinking.

C. lack of conservation.

D. lack of understanding of object permanence.

APA Outcome: 5.3 Describe applications that employ discipline-based problem solving

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Feist – Chapter 05 #75

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

According to the Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, children between the age of 6 to 11 are in

the

______________

A. preoperational

B. formal operational

C. concrete operational

D. sensorimotor

stage.

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #76

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

During Piaget’s third stage of cognitive development, called the concrete operational stage (ages 6-

11), children

____________

A. gain the ability to systematically solve problems without resorting to trial and error

B. gain the ability to reason about abstract concepts and problems

develop the ability to perform mental operations on real, or concrete, objects and events

D. develop the ability to realize that objects still exist when they are not being sensed

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #77

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

stage of

According to Piaget, children acquire the ability to conserve during the

cognitive development.

A. sensorimotor

B. concrete operational

C. preoperational

D. formal operational

___________

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #78

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy79.

(p. 177)

80.

(p. 177)

81.

(p. 177)

According to Piaget, in the

a child can directly observe.

______________

stage of cognitive development, logic is limited to what

A. sensorimotor

B. formal operational

C. preoperational

D. concrete operational

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #79

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Which of the following statements is true regarding the concrete operational stage of Piaget’s theory of

cognitive development?

A. Typically, children between ages 2 and 4 are in this stage.

During this stage, logic remains concrete and limited to objects that a child directly observes.

According to Piaget, this is the last stage of cognitive development.

During this stage, children learn the concept of object permanence.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #80

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Which of the following statements is true regarding the formal operational stage of Piaget’s theory of

cognitive development?

During this stage formal logic becomes possible.

B. This is the second stage of cognitive development.

Typically, children between the ages of 2 to 4 years are in this stage.

D. During this stage children learn the concept of object permanence.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #81

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy82.

(p. 177)

83.

(p. 177)

84.

(p. 178)

In which stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development does abstract and scientific reasoning

develop?

A. Formal operational

B. Preoperational

C. Concrete operational

D. Sensorimotor

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #82

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Twelve-year-old Allen argues that,

“If Shamus is a man, and all men are mortal, then Shamus is

mortal.

” Based on the information given in this statement, which of the following is most likely to be

true about Allen?

Allen is in the concrete operational stage of development of Piaget’s theory of cognitive

development.

In this stage, Allen’s logic remains concrete and limited to objects that he directly observes.

Allen is in the formal operational stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.

. Allen can perform mental operations—on real, or concrete, objects and events—but still has trouble

with abstract ideas and reasoning.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #83

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

The term

______________

A. cognitive programming

B. pruning

C. theory of mind

D. animistic thinking

refers to our knowledge and ideas of how other people’s minds work.

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #84

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy85.

(p. 178)

86.

(p. 178-

179)

87.

(p. 178)

88.

(p. 180)

Psychologists created the false-belief task to determine when children develop ___________

A. egocentrism

B. animistic thinking

C. object permanence

D. theory of mind

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #85

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Quinn, who is in pre-school, was the only child to see the teacher take crackers out of the cracker box

and fill the box with potato chips instead. When asked what the other children will expect to find in

the cracker box, Quinn says “potato chips.

” This response is evidence that Quinn lacks:

A. object permanence.

B. conservation.

C. theory of mind.

D. egocentrism.

APA Outcome: 5.3 Describe applications that employ discipline-based problem solving

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Feist – Chapter 05 #86

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Kohlberg (1981) developed the “Heinz Dilemma” to assess

A. the development of moral reasoning in children

B. the physical development of children less than 5 years of age

C. the cognitive ability of children

D. the development of linguistic ability in children

___________

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #87

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

According to the theory of moral reasoning developed by Kohlberg, ____________

developed level of moral reasoning.

level is the least

A. concrete operational

preconventional

C. formal operational

postconventional

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #88

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy89.

(p. 180)

90.

(p. 180)

91.

(p. 180)

Johnny says he will not drive above the speed limit simply because he does not want to pay the cost

of a speeding ticket. Based on this information, it can be concluded that Johnny is operating at the

_____________

stage of Kohlberg’s theory of moral reasoning.

A. sensorimotor

preconventional

C. concrete operational

D. preoperational

APA Outcome: 5.3 Describe applications that employ discipline-based problem solving

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Feist – Chapter 05 #89

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

According to Kohlberg, how would a child whose thought is at the conventional level of moral

reasoning respond to the Heinz dilemma?

“Heinz should steal the drug! Who cares?”

“Heinz should not steal the drug because he will be caught and sent to jail.

“

“Heinz should steal the drug and not worry about punishment because it is the right thing to do.

“

“Heinz should not steal the drug, because stealing is wrong.

“

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #90

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

When Cathy was asked to respond to the Heinz dilemma developed by Kohlberg, she said,

“Although

it is legally wrong, Heinz should steal the drug to save his wife’s life. But he also has to be willing

to suffer the consequences and go to jail if need be.

” According to the theory of moral reasoning

developed by Kohlberg, Cathy is at the

_______________

stage of moral development.

postconventional

preconventional

C. concrete operational

preoperational

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #91

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy92.

(p. 180)

93.

(p. 180)

According to Kohlberg, a person who is at the

______________

level of moral development

acknowledges both the norm and the law, but argues that there are universal moral rules that may

trump unjust or immoral local rules.

A. concrete operational

preconventional

C. functional operational

postconventional

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #92

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

According to Kohlberg, postconventional moral reasoning is based on:

avoidance of punishments.

the social consequences of an action.

C. universal moral principles.

individual moral temperaments.

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #93

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy94.

(p. 180)

Functional operational level

Postconventional level

Preoperational level

Conventional level

95.

(p. 181)

Which of the following is the level of moral reasoning which, as proposed by Kohlberg, appears to be

limited to Western cultures?

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #94

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

According to the model of temperament developed by Alexander Thomas and Stella Chess,

the

________________

child is predictable in daily functions, is happy most of the time, and is

adaptable.

A. difficult

B. conventional

C. slow-to-warm-up

D. easy

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #95

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy96.

(p. 181)

97.

(p. 181)

98.

(p. 181)

According to the model of temperament developed by Alexander Thomas and Stella Chess, which of

the following statements is true regarding the difficult child?

The difficult child is slow to adapt to new situations.

The difficult child is happy most of the time.

The difficult child is predictable in daily functions

The difficult child is mildly irregular in the daily patterns of eating, sleeping, and eliminating.

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #96

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

According to the model of temperament developed by Alexander Thomas and Stella Chess, the

_____________

child is mildly intense in his or her reactions to new situations and mildly irregular in

the daily patterns of eating, sleeping, and eliminating.

A. difficult

B. conventional

C. slow-to-warm-up

D. easy

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #97

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Some animals, especially birds, follow and imitate the first large creature they see immediately after

birth. This behavior is called

____________

A. pruning

B. imprinting

C. animistic thinking

D. egocentrism

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #98

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy99.

(p. 181)

100.

(p. 181)

101.

(p. 182)

In human development, ______________

refers to the strong emotional connection that develops

early in life to keep infants close to their caregivers.

A. cognition

B. imprinting

C. attachment

D. sublimation

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #99

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Nine-month-old Terrell is screaming and crying because his mother has dropped him off at the day

care. He displays this distress each time she leaves him. Terrell is likely experiencing _____

preoperational thinking

secure attachment

object permanence

separation anxiety

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #100

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Mary Ainsworth studied infant attachment with a procedure known as the

____________

A. prison study

B. obedience experiment

C. strange situation

D. line judgment task

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #101

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy102.

(p. 182)

103.

(p. 182)

104.

(p. 183)

According to the strange situation experiment conducted by Mary Ainsworth, ______________

infants often show little to no distress in separation episodes, and when the mother returns, the infants

tend to ignore and avoid her, focusing instead on something else in the room.

A. insecure-resistant

B. insecure-avoidant

C. insecure-disoriented

D. insecure-disorganized

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #102

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

With reference to the strange situation experiment conducted by Mary Ainsworth, ________________

infants cannot be comforted by the mother on reunion and show difficulty in returning to play.

A. insecure-resistant

B. insecure-avoidant

C. insecure-disorganized

D. insecure-disoriented

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #103

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

With reference to the strange situation experiment conducted by Mary Ainsworth, ______________

infants show odd, conflicted behaviors in the strange situation.

A. insecure-resistant

B. insecure-avoidant

C. insecure-disoriented

D. insecure-attached

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #104

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy105.

(p. 183)

106.

(p. 183)

107.

(p. 184)

108.

(p. 184)

With reference to the strange situation experiment conducted by Mary Ainsworth, the

_____________

classification is considered the most insecure because the infant’s fear of their attachment figure

inhibits the development of a strategy for effective regulation of stress.

A. insecure-attached

B. insecure-avoidant

C. insecure-resistant

D. insecure-disorganized

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #105

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Harry Harlow said that

_____________

is as essential a function of nursing in humans as is nutrition.

A. contact

B. protection

C. attention

D. training

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #106

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Tiffany Field and her colleagues (1986) conducted an experiment to determine whether regular touch

might help tiny premature infants. During the experiment she found that the babies who received

touch therapy _____________

than those who did not.

A. cried less

B. gained significantly more weight

C. slept significantly more

D. fell ill more frequently

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #107

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

is a movement disorder caused by brain damage at birth.

_______________

A. Schizophrenia

B. Bipolar disorder

C. Cerebral palsy

D. Osteoporosis

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #108

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy109.

(p. 185)

110.

(p. 185)

111.

(p. 186)

112.

(p. 187)

By the age of

A. 2 years

B. 3 months

C. 1 year

D. 7 months

______________, babies can discriminate between fearful and happy faces.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #109

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Nine-year-old Jen has learnt to control her tears when she is in a social gathering. She also knows

when it is appropriate to smile in public. Based on this information, it can be said that Jen has

_____________

A. developed social referencing

B. achieved object permanence

developed emotional competence

D. mastered animistic thinking

APA Outcome: 5.3 Describe applications that employ discipline-based problem solving

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Feist – Chapter 05 #110

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Children begin to interact socially during play at about age

____________

A. two

B. three

C. four

D. five

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #111

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

In an experiment conducted by Gjerde & Cardilla in 2009, children were assessed at age 3 and 4

on the dimension of openness to new experiences. Then the same children were assessed again at

ages 18 and 23. The study indicated that the open and imaginative young girls tended to become

_____________ young women.

A. self-assured and flexible

B. highly career oriented

C. anxious and self-doubting

D. emotionally sterile and calculating

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #112

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy113.

(p. 187)

114.

(p. 187)

115.

(p. 187)

116.

(p. 188)

In an experiment conducted by Gjerde & Cardilla in 2009, children were assessed at age 3 and 4

on the dimension of openness to new experiences. Then the same children were assessed again at

ages 18 and 23. The study indicated that the open and imaginative young boys tended to become

______________ young adults.

A. self-doubting

B. extremely emotional

C. anxious

D. self-assured and flexible

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #113

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

One longitudinal study evaluated 1,000 New Zealand children over an 18-year period to try to

understand what childhood temperament predicts about adult personality and behavior. Eighteen years

after the initial assessment, the individuals whose parents had classified them as undercontrolled at

age 3 were likely to

_____________

A. be nonassertive and over anxious

B. engage in thrill-seeking behaviors

C. suffer from prolonged depression

D. attempt suicide

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #114

Topic: Childhood

Topic: Infancy

Adolescence is the transition period between childhood and early adulthood, beginning at about age

11 or 12 and lasting until around age

_____________

A. 15

B. 18

C. 22

D. 25

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #115

Topic: Adolescence

The

A. parathyroid

__________________ glands are also called gonads.

adrenaline

C. sex

D. alveolar

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #116

Topic: Adolescence117.

(p. 188)

118.

(p. 188)

119.

(p. 188)

120.

(p. 188)

121.

(p. 188)

On average, girls reach puberty at about age

______________

A. 9

B. 11

C. 13

D. 15

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #117

Topic: Adolescence

On average, boys reach puberty at about age

______________

A. 9

B. 11

C. 13

D. 15

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #118

Topic: Adolescence

Which of the following glands sends hormonal signals to the sex glands, telling them to mature?

A. Parathyroid

Adrenaline

C. Alveolar

D. Pituitary

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #119

Topic: Adolescence

The female gonads are called

A. vagina

B. fallopian tubes

C. ovaries

D. uteri

_____________

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #120

Topic: Adolescence

The male gonads are called

A. testes

B. thymus

C. penises

D. adrenals

______________

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #121

Topic: Adolescence122.

(p. 188)

123.

(p. 188)

124.

(p. 188)

125.

(p. 188)

Lee, who is thirteen, is experiencing new growth of facial and pubic hair, a deepening of his

voice, and a widening of his shoulders. Which of the following hormones is responsible for these

developments?

A. Leptin

B. Estrogen

C. Testosterone

D. Oxytocin

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #122

Topic: Adolescence

is the sex hormone that initiates the growth of breasts, widening of hips, and increase

____________

in body fat in girls.

A. Testosterone

B. Estradiol

C. Leptin

D. Oxytocin

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #123

Topic: Adolescence

marks the beginning of adolescence.

_____________

A. Symbolic thinking

B. Puberty

C. Animistic thinking

D. Egocentrism

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #124

Topic: Adolescence

Which of the following is a primary problem of adolescence?

In boys, the event that signals readiness to reproduce is menarche.

B. Boys are not able to engage in scientific reasoning and hypothesis testing.

C. In boys and girls, the body is ready for parenthood far earlier than the mind is.

D. Boys and girls do not gain the ability to reason about abstract concepts and problems.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #125

Topic: Adolescence126.

(p. 189)

127.

(p. 189)

128.

(p. 189)

129.

(p. 189)

The

_____________

late adolescence or early adulthood.

A. abducens nuclei

B. medulla oblongata

C. globose nuclei

D. frontal lobes

are the last areas of the brain to fully develop, and they continue to mature until

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #126

Topic: Adolescence

Which of the following occurs after the frontal lobes have developed more fully?

A. Animistic thinking increases.

B. Heart rate decreases.

C. Scientific thinking becomes possible.

D. The possibility of developing anorexia nervosa increases.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #127

Topic: Adolescence

Which of the following statements is true about brain development during adolescence?

Brain development starts in adolescence, with the frontal lobes being the first part of the brain to

develop.

The brain develops more myelin around the axons as well as more neural connections.

Animistic thinking begins during adolescence.

Egocentrism is the hallmark of brain development in adolescence.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #128

Topic: Adolescence

during the period from childhood to adolescence.

Myelination proceeds from the

_____________

A. bottom of the brain to the top

B. top of the brain to the bottom

frontal lobes to the back of the brain

D. back of the brain to the frontal lobes

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #129

Topic: Adolescence130.

(p. 189)

131.

(p. 189)

132.

(p. 190)

133.

(p. 190)

Which of the following statements is true regarding myelination?

A. The process of myelination is complete before the age of 10.

B. Myelination proceeds from the front of the brain to the back.

C. The rate and locations of myelination differs between boys and girls.

D. In boys, the increased white matter organization occurs in the right hemisphere.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #130

Topic: Adolescence

Synaptic pruning refers to the process during which:

A. the rarely used synapses die off to make the brain more efficient.

B. children develop egocentrism.

C. the size of the frontal lobe increases.

D. new synapses are formed in order to accommodate newer knowledge and scientific thought.

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #131

Topic: Adolescence

Philip Shaw and colleagues in 2006 demonstrated that the brains of highly intelligent children, as

compared to the brains of children with average intelligence, have a

_____________

A. thicker frontal cortex at age seven

B. thinner cortex at age nine

thicker frontal cortex at midadolescence

D. thinner cortex at age nineteen

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #132

Topic: Adolescence

During complex and demanding tasks, teens

________________

A. distribute the workload evenly throughout the brain

B. overload their frontal lobes

C. distribute the workload evenly between abducens nucleus and globose nucleus

D. overload their flocculonodular lobe

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #133

Topic: Adolescence134.

(p. 191)

135.

(p. 191)

136.

(p. 191)

With the onset of puberty and adolescence, children begin to focus on

A. egocentrism

B. developing their animistic thinking

C. the questions of who they are

D. motor skills

____________

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #134

Topic: Adolescence

Having close, intimate friends during adolescence is more likely to be associated with

_____________

A. poorer performance in school

B. more conflicts with authority figures

C. feelings of self-worth in adulthood

D. more conflicts with parents

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #135

Topic: Adolescence

In the teen years, _____________

start to replace parents as a source of identification.

teachers

seniors

siblings

peers

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #136

Topic: Adolescence137.

(p. 192)

138.

(p. 193)

139.

(p. 194)

According to Erik Erikson, a(n) _____________

adjustment.

is an opportunity for adaptive or maladaptive

identity crisis

B. sensorimotor stage

C. pruning

D. neural migration

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #137

Topic: Adolescence

Arnett calls the phase between adolescence and young adulthood

ages 18-25 years.

____________, which spans the

primary adulthood

emerging adulthood

early adulthood

preliminary adulthood

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #138

Topic: Adulthood

Although much brain development has happened by the time of emerging adulthood, the brain

continues to change and grow. The prefrontal cortex continues to develop and fibers there are

increasingly _____________, which facilitates neural communication.

A. rewired

B. migrated

C. myelinated

D. pruned

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #139

Topic: Adulthood140.

(p. 195)

141.

(p. 198)

142.

(p. 197)

143.

(p. 197)

During their studies in 2009, Aberg and colleagues found positive correlation between

______________

and better cognitive scores.

A. vision

muscular strength

C. size of the anterior lobe

D. cardiovascular fitness

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #140

Topic: Adulthood

Which among the following is the clearest marker of reaching adulthood?

A. Animistic thinking

B. Having a child

C. Symbolic thinking

Graduating

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #141

Topic: Adulthood

According to Erik Erikson, during one’s 20s, the primary conflict is between

___________

A. intimacy and isolation

B. career and family

C. integrity and despair

D. generativity and stagnation

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #142

Topic: Adulthood

Erik Erikson defined

fear of losing it.

______________

as the ability to fuse one’s identity with another’s without the

A. pruning

B. rewiring

C. intimacy

D. object permanence

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #143

Topic: Adulthood144.

(p. 197)

145.

(p. 198)

146.

(p. 198)

147.

(p. 198)

Which are the biggest predictors of hearing loss?

A. Social class and gender

B. Profession and social class

Ethnicity, cultural environment, and gender

Age, gender and profession

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #144

Topic: Adulthood

According to Jung, individuation is the process by which:

A. a person’s personality becomes whole and full.

B. neurons move from one part of the brain to their more permanent home.

C. unused synapses die off to make the brain more efficient.

the individual becomes more self-focused than oriented toward others and does not contribute in a

productive way to society or family.

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #145

Topic: Adulthood

Erik Erikson proposed that in midlife one confronts the crisis between

____________

A. career and family

B. intimacy and isolation

C. generativity versus stagnation

D. creativity and conventionality

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #146

Topic: Adulthood

_______________

as the creation of new ideas, products, or people.

Erik Erikson defined

A. pruning

B. neural migration

C. prenatal programming

D. generativity

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #147

Topic: Adulthood148.

(p. 198)

149.

(p. 198)

150.

(p. 198)

151.

(p. 199)

According to Erik Erikson, parenting, starting a business, and creating a work of art are examples of

____________

A. neural migration

B. generativity

C. individuation

D. stagnation

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #148

Topic: Adulthood

According to Erik Erikson, stagnation occurs when:

A. the adult becomes more self-focused than oriented toward others.

B. neurons move from one part of the brain to their more permanent home.

C. unused synapses die off to make the brain more efficient.

D. events in the womb alter the development of physical and psychological health.

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #149

Topic: Adulthood

Which of the following is true about late adulthood?

A. Late adulthood begins around age 55.

The numbers of neurons (gray matter) increases in late adulthood.

C. The older brain does not change as rapidly as the younger brain, but it remains dynamic.

The kind of memory involved in processing and maintaining information while making decisions

strengthens in late adulthood.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #150

Topic: Adulthood

______________

intelligence involves raw mental ability, pattern recognition, and abstract reasoning

and is applied to a problem that a person has never confronted before.

A. Crystallized

B. Alternative

C. Fluid

D. Amorphous

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #151

Topic: Adulthood152.

(p. 199)

153.

(p. 198)

154.

(p. 198)

Problems that require finding relationships, understanding implications, and drawing conclusions all

______________

intelligence.

require

A. fluid

B. alternative

C. crystallized

D. amorphous

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #152

Topic: Adulthood

Knowledge that one has gained from experience and learning, education, and practice, is called

______________

intelligence.

A. amorphous

B. crystallized

C. alternative

D. fluid

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #153

Topic: Adulthood

Which of the following statements is true regarding crystallized intelligence?

A. Crystallized intelligence involves raw mental ability, pattern recognition, and abstract reasoning.

B. Neither culture nor vocabulary influence crystallized intelligence.

C. Typically, crystallized intelligence is applied to a problem that a person has never confronted

before.

D. Crystallized intelligence is strengthened in middle adulthood.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #154

Topic: Adulthood155.

(p. 198)

156.

(p. 199)

157.

(p. 199)

158.

(p. 199)

Nathan’s uncle asks him whether Chihuahua is to dog as flamingo is to bird. Which of the following

statements is true about this scenario?

This is an example of a problem for which Nathan requires crystallized intelligence.

This problem can be answered by Nathan using raw mental ability and abstract reasoning.

Neither culture nor vocabulary influence Nathan’s ability to answer this problem.

Nathan’s ability to answer this problem does not depend on his learning and education.

APA Outcome: 5.3 Describe applications that employ discipline-based problem solving

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Feist – Chapter 05 #155

Topic: Adulthood

Which of the following is most likely to reduce cognitive decline with aging?

A. Reading in early childhood

B. Sleeping for more than 8 hours every day

C. Exercising

D. Playing a musical instrument

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #156

Topic: Adulthood

____________, the ability to live well, know what is important, and

One cognitive benefit of aging is

use good judgment.

A. fluid intelligence

B. wisdom

C. bodily-kinesthetic intelligence

D. crystallized intelligence

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #157

Topic: Adulthood

_______________

is an unusual degree of loss in cognitive functions and includes memory problems

and difficulty reasoning, solving problems, making decisions, and using language.

A. Bipolar disorder

B. Cerebral palsy

C. Huntington’s disease

D. Dementia

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #158

Topic: Adulthood159.

(p. 199)

160.

(p. 199)

161.

(p. 199)

162.

(p. 199)

163.

(p. 200)

Which of the following is most likely to be a risk factor for dementia?

A. Age

B. Gender

C. Ethnicity

D. Social class

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #159

Topic: Adulthood

Which of the following is true about dementia?

A. Aging is a necessary and sufficient cause of dementia.

B. Neurological conditions such as strokes can lead to dementia among the elderly.

C. Dementia can lead to multiple strokes among the elderly.

D. Pruning in early childhood is a significant cause of dementia in late adulthood.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #160

Topic: Adulthood

When a blood vessel that serves the brain is blocked, the brain tissue served by that vessel

does not receive the oxygen and nutrients it needs, and so the tissue dies. This is referred to as

_____________

A. Parkinson’s disease

B. a bipolar disorder

C. a stroke

D. Alzheimer’s disease

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #161

Topic: Adulthood

________________

is a degenerative disease marked by progressive cognitive decline with symptoms

including confusion, memory loss, mood swings, and eventual loss of physical function.

Down’s syndrome

B. Alzheimer’s disease

C. Schizophrenia

D. Bipolar disorder

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #162

Topic: Adulthood

_______________

accounts for 60–70 percent of the cases of dementia among the elderly.

A. Bipolar disorder

B. Schizophrenia

C. Down syndrome

D. Alzheimer’s disease

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #163

Topic: Adulthood164.

(p. 200)

165.

(p. 200)

166.

(p. 200)

The defining anatomical feature of Alzheimer’s is

A. the presence of bromelain in the brain

B. the absence of synapses in the frontal cortex

C. the presence of patches of dead tissue in the brain

D. the absence of neurons in the posterior cortex

____________

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #164

Topic: Adulthood

Which of the following statements is true about Alzheimer’s disease?

Early-onset of Alzheimer’s affects people younger than 35.

Currently, the only way Alzheimer’s can be diagnosed definitively is by examining brain tissue

after death.

Alzheimer’s accounts for only 10%-20% of the cases of dementia among the elderly.

Alzheimer’s is non-progressive, and hence its fatality level is low.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #165

Topic: Adulthood

Low levels of the neurotransmitter

Alzheimer’s disease.

________________

inhibit memory formation in people with

A. acetylcholine

B. dopamine

C. serotonin

D. norepinephrine

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #166

Topic: Adulthood167.

(p. 200)

168.

(p. 201)

169.

(p. 201)

Some evidence suggests that

______________

might offset or even prevent the kind of neural

degeneration seen in Alzheimer’s and other age-related brain disorders.

A. pruning

B. neurogenesis

C. neural migration

D. individuation

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #167

Topic: Adulthood

According to Erik Erikson’s theory of personality development, the conflict of old age is between

_________________

A. intimacy and isolation

B. career and family

C. integrity and despair

D. generativity and stagnation

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #168

Topic: Adulthood

Which of the following statements is true about aerobic exercising?

Such brisk physical activity is usually dangerous to the heart and lungs and can cause death among

adults and aged people.

Research suggests that it can actually make the brain grow.

It fails to meet the body’s increased need for oxygen.

It results in decline in higher mental processing of an individual.

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #169

Topic: Adulthood170.

(p. 201)

171.

(p. 201)

172.

(p. 201)

According to Erik Erikson’s theory of personality development, the core strength of old age is

________________

A. emotional intelligence

B. exuberance

lack of fear

D. wisdom

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #170

Topic: Adulthood

Which of the following is true about integrity in of the context of Erik Erikson’s theory of personality

development?

Integrity is the sense that all of one’s life decisions are coming together.

B. Integrity is being informed and knowledgeable about life.

C. Integrity is the creation of new ideas, products, or people.

D. Integrity is the ability to fuse one’s identity with another’s without the fear of losing it.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #171

Topic: Adulthood

Elizabeth Kübler-Ross (1969) detailed the stages people may move through after learning they are

going to die and found their first stage in dealing with the end of life is

___________

A. bargaining

B. depression

C. anger

D. denial

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #172

Topic: Adulthood173.

(p. 201)

174.

(p. 202)

175.

(p. 202)

176.

(p. 203)

Elizabeth Kübler-Ross (1969) detailed the stages people may move through after learning they are

going to die and found their last stage in dealing with the end of life is

____________

A. acceptance

B. depression

C. anger

D. denial

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #173

Topic: Adulthood

_______________

focus on the overall needs of the patient and family members, such as physical

comfort, emotional care, and a dignified death.

A. Hospitals

B. Intensive care units

C. Hospices

D. Diagnostic centers

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #174

Topic: Adulthood

is by far the most popular form of technology used in infancy.

______________

A. Computer

Cellphone

C. Video game

D. Television

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #175

Topic: Adulthood

According to research, video games can

A. enhance mathematical skills in adolescents

B. impair linguistic skills

C. impair motor skills

D. enhance cognitive skills such as visual tracking

_____________

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #176

Topic: Adulthood177.

(p. 203)

178.

(p. 203)

According to the research conducted by Vandewater, Shim, & Caplovitz in 2004, heavy amounts of

video gaming–but not TV viewing–are associated with being ______

in children.

overweight

blind

depressed

violent

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #177

Topic: Adulthood

Beginning at age

_____, children are quite mobile, able to get around, speak in sentences, and have

motor coordination which allows them to draw and write.

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #178

Topic: Adulthood179.

(p. 204)

180.

(p. 204)

181.

(p. 204)

Which of the following age groups is most influenced by technology?

Infants

Babies

C. Adolescents

D. Elderly adults

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #179

Topic: Adulthood

Identify the correct statement about multitasking among teens.

Heavy multitasking teens are able to filter out more irrelevant information than any other age group

in any given situation.

As novice drivers, teens require more attention to complete the tasks of safely operating and

navigating a motor vehicle.

. While driving and using a hands-free cell phone, the reaction time and coordination of teens is

much better than someone who is legally drunk.

Light multitaskers are less likely to get distracted while working on problem-solving tasks.

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #180

Topic: Adulthood

The anterior cingulate will show the strongest activity when

_____________

A. talking on cell phones

exposed to violence in video games

engaged in challenging Mensa puzzles

D. texting in the classroom

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Feist – Chapter 05 #181

Topic: Adulthood182.

(p. 205)

183.

(p. 205)

Which of the following terms can be defined as the willful and repeated harm inflicted through the

medium of electronic text?

A. Cyberbullying

B. Phishing

C. Pruning

D. Brandjacking

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #182

Topic: Adulthood

Most developmental psychologists place

______

between the ages of 40 and 60 or 65.

middle adulthood

late adulthood

emerging adulthood

early adulthood

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: Basic

Feist – Chapter 05 #183

Topic: Adulthood5 Summary

Category # of Questions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 183

APA Outcome: 5.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology 127

APA Outcome: 5.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology 48

APA Outcome: 5.3 Describe applications that employ discipline-based problem solving 8

Blooms: Apply 8

Blooms: Remember 134

Blooms: Understand 41

Difficulty: Basic 130

Difficulty: Hard 8

Difficulty: Medium 45

Feist – Chapter 05 183

Topic: Adolescence 23

Topic: Adulthood 46

Topic: Childhood 76

Topic: Environmental Influences on Fetal Development 1

Topic: Infancy 76

Topic: Prenatal 37

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