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Complete Test Bank With Answers
Sample Questions Posted Below
Chapter 05
Test Bank
1. Which of the following statements is true about identical twins?
A. Twins are identical mainly due to dizygotic fertilization.
B. In the womb, up to 5% of identical twins develop their own placenta.
C. Identical twins develop from one fertilized egg.
D. Identical twins turn out to be vastly different from each other in their personalities, intelligence, illness, and disease histories.
Page: 164
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
2. The _____ is the first major organ to form in a developing fetus.
A. heart
B. brain
C. liver
D. kidney
Page: 165
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
3. During the development of a fetus, the _____ develops about a week after the brain.
A. skull
B. liver
C. intestine
D. heart
Page: 165
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
4. The _____ stage of development begins at conception and lasts for two weeks.
A. embryonic
B. fetal
C. germinal
D. cephalocaudal
Page: 165
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
5. When a sperm fertilizes an egg, the resulting single cell is known as a(n)
A. zygote
B. fetus
C. blastocyst
D. embryo
Page: 165
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
6. Which of the following statements is true about the germinal stage of prenatal development?
A. It lasts for about six weeks.B. It is the last stage of prenatal development.
C. It is the stage where sensory organs develop.
D. It is marked by the division of the single-celled zygote.
Page: 165
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
7. Which of the following is the last stage of prenatal development?
A. The fetal stage
B. The embryonic stage
C. The germinal stage
D. The zygote stage
Page: 165
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
8. The formation of the nervous system, arms, heart, ears, eyes, and palate takes place in the _____ stage of development.
A. cephalocaudal
B. fetal
C. embryonic
D. germinal
Page: 166
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
9. The _____ takes the longest amount of time to develop.
A. heart
B. intestine
C. liver
D. central nervous system
Page: 166
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
10. The second stage of prenatal development begins at about two weeks after conception. At this point, the growing bundle of cells is called a(n)
A. blastocyst.
B. embryo.
C. fetus.
D. zygote.
Page: 166
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
11. The key event that distinguishes the embryonic stage from the third stage, the fetal stage, is the formation of the
A. bone cells.
B. zygote.
C. brain.
D. blastocyst.
Page: 166
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
12. Veronica’s obstetrician tells her that her baby is in the tenth week of development. Bone cells have formed and most of the prominent organs of
the baby have already begun to form. The baby is most likely in the _____ stage of prenatal development.
A. embryonic
B. fetal
C. germinal
D. zygote
Page: 166
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
13. Karen has been using her stethoscope for many days to listen to her fetus’ heartbeat. Today, for the first time, she detected her fetus’ heart beat.
Karen must be at least _____ weeks pregnant.
A. two
B. five
C. six
D. eight
Page: 166
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
14. Find the correct statement about the embryonic stage of prenatal development.
A. It begins immediately after the zygote divides.
B. It begins when the fertilized egg is a single-celled zygote.
C. It starts at the moment of implantation.
D. It is marked by the formation of the major organs.
Page: 166
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
15. In which of the following stages of prenatal development does the formation of arms and legs occur?
A. Germinal stage
B. Embryonic stage
C. Fetal stage
D. Blastocyst stage
Page: 166
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
16. The _____ stage of prenatal development begins 8 weeks after conception.
A. germinal
B. embryonic
C. fetal
D. blastocyst
Page: 166
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
17. Between 8 and 12 weeks into development,A. the heartbeat of the fetus can be detected with a stethoscope.
B. the vision of the fetus is fully developed.
C. the neurons connecting the ear to the brain of the fetus are completely developed.
D. the taste buds of a fetus are completely developed.
Page: 166
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
18. In the context of prenatal development, until about _____ weeks after conception, there are no physical traits distinguishing male and female.
A. nine
B. twelve
C. seven
D. ten
Page: 166
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
19. Becky, who is pregnant, will most likely feel the fetus moving for the first time at about _____ after conception.
A. one to two months
B. two to three months
C. four to six months
D. seven to eight months
Page: 167
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
20. When does the embryo begin to move its limbs?
A. Immediately after the formation of external genitalia
B. After the first week of conception
C. Soon after the formation of the nervous system
D. After 14 weeks of conception
Page: 167
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
21. Tevy and Gellert are convinced that their baby will be able to recognize their voices and familiar songs at birth if they begin singing and talking
to their baby before it is born. At which stage of prenatal development should Tevy and Gellert expect their baby to be able to respond to these
sounds?
A. Blastocyst stage
B. Embryonic stage
C. Fetal stage
D. Zygote stage
Page: 168
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
22. A fetus begins to respond to sound around _____ weeks after conception.
A. 8
B. 12
C. 18D. 26
Page: 168
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
23. Identify an accurate statement about fetuses.
A. Fetuses open their eyes one week after the fetal stage.
B. Movements made by fetuses are noticeable by two weeks after conception.
C. Fetuses are unresponsive to odors in the amniotic fluid before birth.
D. Male fetuses are usually more active than female fetuses.
Page: 168
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
24. Which of the following fetal reactions indicates attention, interest, or orienting response on the part of the fetus?
A. Increased rate of neuron development
B. Slowed heart rate
C. Turning over of the fetus
D. Greater frequency of kicking
Page: 169
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
25. Which of the following reactions displayed by a fetus indicates fear or distress?
A. Decreased blood pressure
B. Increased rate of pruning
C. Increased heart rate
D. Increased rate of neuron development
Page: 169
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
26. Babies born prematurely—who would otherwise still be developing in the womb—prefer _____ flavors to other flavors.
A. sweet
B. salty
C. sour
D. bitter
Page: 169
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
27. The sense that is least well developed in the fetus is
A. taste.
B. vision.
C. hearing.
D. touch.
Page: 169
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: LowLearning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Vision
28. Identify an accurate statement about the development of vision in fetuses and infants.
A. The sense of vision is fully developed during the zygote stage.
B. Infants can see as well as adults when they are two months old.
C. At birth, infants are far-sighted.
D. Vision is the sense that is least developed in the fetus.
Page: 169
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Development
Topic: Vision
29. Infants cannot see as well as adults until they are at least _____ months old.
A. two
B. four
C. six
D. eight
Page: 169
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Vision
30. Identify an accurate statement about pregnancy sickness.
A. Pregnancy sickness occurs when an embryo is least vulnerable to teratogens.
B. Pregnancy sickness is worst during the first three months of prenatal development.
C. Substances such as coffee help reduce pregnancy sickness.
D. Pregnancy sickness is also known as “evening sickness.”
Page: 169
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Nature and Nurture
31. _____ can be defined as the process by which events in the womb alter the development of physical and psychological health.
A. Prenatal programming
B. Neuron migration
C. Pruning
D. Generativity
Page: 169
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Nature and Nurture
32. Pregnancy sickness occurs most commonly with exposure to foods susceptible to molds and to _____ substances.
A. sweet
B. spicy
C. salty
D. bitter
Page: 169
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Nature and Nurture
33. Schizophrenia and antisocial personality disorder are more likely to occur in infants
A. if the mother is malnourished during pregnancy.
B. if the infant doesn’t develop all its senses within three months.C. if the infant doesn’t display sensitivity toward its mother at birth.
D. if the mother continues to have “morning sickness” two months after conception.
Page: 169
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Nature and Nurture
34. A teratogen is
A. a brain region responsible for the ability to speak.
B. any substance that disrupts normal prenatal development.
C. a weak brain synapse that disappears at around age six.
D. a vital nutrient that helps a fetus develop properly.
Page: 170
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Teratogens
35. Epigenetics is the study of how
A. a genetic disorder is passed on to sons but not to daughters.
B. an individual gets affected by a recessive disorder.
C. a dominant gene becomes resistant to change.
D. the environment affects gene expression.
Page: 170
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Nature and Nurture
36. Which of the following is true regarding alcohol consumption of the mother during pregnancy?
A. 1 to 2 drinks per day is known as a safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy.
B. A maximum of 4 drinks per month is known as a safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy.
C. 1 drink on an occasional basis is known as a safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy.
D. There is no known safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy.
Page: 170
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Environmental Influences
37. Which of the following is most likely to cause mental retardation, low birth weight, and behavioral problems to a developing baby?
A. Anorexia nervosa
B. Diarrhea
C. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)
D. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Page: 170
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Nature and Nurture
38. Which of the following is most likely to increase the risk of stillbirth?
A. Prescription drugs taken during pregnancy
B. Nicotine exposure from maternal smoking
C. Lack of vitamin B12 and folic acid in the mother’s diet
D. Developing an infection during pregnancy
Page: 170
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: RememberDifficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Prenatal Environmental Influences
39. Mothers who _____ are more likely to have infants who are temperamentally “difficult” and “fussy.”
A. are depressed or anxious
B. develop infections such as the flu towards the end of their pregnancy
C. consume less than the required amount of folic acid
D. develop gestational diabetes
Page: 171
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development.
Topic: Temperament
40. A pediatrician is assessing nine-month-old Chiara’s motor development, which involves observing changes in Chiara’s
A. physical movement and body control.
B. emotional relationships with her parents and siblings.
C. peer relationships and status.
D. ability to see clearly and to recognize numbers.
Page: 171
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Infancy
41. By _____ months, many babies can sit by themselves, without any help.
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. six
Page: 172
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Infancy
42. Which of the following senses develops to a greater extent after birth as compared to the fetal stage?
A. Vision
B. Hearing
C. Taste
D. Smell
Page: 172
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Infancy
43. Which of the following senses is almost fully developed at birth?
A. Vision
B. Hearing
C. Touch
D. Smell
Page: 172
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Infancy
44. Identify an accurate statement about the development of motor skills in babies.
A. Babies can lift their head while lying on their stomach by two weeks of age.
B. Babies can hold objects by four months of age.C. Babies can sit by themselves by two months of age.
D. Babies can walk with ease by four months of age.
Page: 172
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Infancy
Topic: Physical Development
45. Martha strokes her baby’s cheek. The baby turns her head and remains open-mouthed in expectation of a breast. This reflex is known as
A. the Moro reflex.
B. startling.
C. grasping.
D. rooting.
Page: 172
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Infancy
Topic: Physical Development
46. With learning and experience certain synaptic connections become stronger, whereas those that do not receive stimulation from the environment
die off. This process is known as
A. cognitive programming.
B. pruning.
C. rewiring.
D. enriching.
Page: 173
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Brain Development
47. Identify an accurate statement about human brain development.
A. It is complete in the embryonic stage.
B. The rate of change and development is the highest during adulthood.
C. It is complete at birth.
D. The rate of change slows down considerably after the age of six.
Page: 173
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Brain Development
Topic: Infancy
48. Which of the following statements is true about pruning?
A. Problems with neural pruning may result in neurological disorders, such as autism or schizophrenia.
B. Pruning is usually independent of the quality of the environment in which the brain develops.
C. Neural pruning results in the huge increase in the number of neurons and stimulates the unused neurons.
D. Normal and enriched environments create less developed neural connections.
Page: 173
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Brain Development
49. Gray matter is a measure of the number of
A. axons.
B. myelins.
C. neurons.
D. lobes.Page: 174–175
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Brain Development
50. Identify an accurate statement about the gray matter of the human brain.
A. It increases throughout an individual’s lifespan.
B. It consists of cell bodies.
C. It is found mostly in the inner regions of the prefrontal cortex.
D. It is primarily made up of axons.
Page: 173–175
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Brain Development
51. Identify an accurate statement about the white matter of the human brain.
A. It continues to grow into one’s 40s.
B. It is made up of cell bodies and excludes axons.
C. Development of white matter is completed in the germination stage.
D. White matter is found more on the outer regions of the parietal and prefrontal cortex than in the inner regions.
Page: 175
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Brain Development
52. Young brains are more plastic and more sensitive to stimulation to the outside world because they have less
A. gray matter.
B. number of neurons.
C. number of axons.
D. myelin.
Page: 175
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Brain Development
53. Which of the following terms refers to the fatty insulation that makes nerve impulses travel faster?
A. Plasmalogen
B. Cephalin
C. Myelin sheath
D. Choline
Page: 175
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Brain Development
54. As compared to nonmusicians, musicians have
A. larger cerebellums.
B. fewer neurons.
C. thinner corpus callosum.
D. more white matter.
Page: 176
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Brain Development55. As compared to musicians, nonmusicians have
A. larger cerebellums.
B. more neurons.
C. thinner corpus callosum.
D. fewer synapses.
Page: 176
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Brain Development
56. Which of the following is true of the effects of musical training?
A. It reduces neural activity in the hippocampus.
B. Neuroplastic effects of musical training last well into adulthood.
C. The earlier the musical training begins, the lesser is the degree of activation of the left-auditory cortex.
D. It has always caused brain growth.
Page: 176
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Brain Development
57. Jean Piaget pioneered theories in _____ development.
A. emotional
B. cognitive
C. language
D. moral
Page: 178
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
58. Eniko is currently eight months old. According to Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, she is in the _____ stage of cognitive development.
A. sensorimotor
B. preoperational
C. concrete operational
D. formal operational
Page: 178
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Child Development
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
59. Jennifer is nearly two years old. Whenever her mother brings her toys, she looks at them with surprise. When her mother hides them, Jennifer
believes that the toys no longer exist and stops looking for them. According to Jean Piaget’s cognitive development theory, which of the following
statements is true about this scenario?
A. Jennifer is exhibiting animistic thinking.
B. Jennifer is most likely at the formal operational stage of cognitive development.
C. Jennifer has not developed a sense of object permanence.
D. Jennifer is most likely at the concrete operational stage of cognitive development.
Page: 178
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Object Permanence
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
60. According to Jean Piaget’s cognitive development theory, identify an accurate statement about the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
A. It is marked by egocentrism.
B. Children exhibit animistic thinking.C. It is the first stage of cognitive development.
D. Children exhibit conservation.
Page: 178
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Child Development
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
61. When a child recognizes that objects continue to exist, even when they are no longer in sight, they have developed the concept that Piaget
referred to as
A. object permanence.
B. object conservation.
C. pruning.
D. reversibility.
Page: 178
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Object Permanence
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
62. In which stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development does object permanence develop?
A. Sensorimotor
B. Preoperational
C. Concrete operational
D. Formal operational
Page: 178
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Object Permanence
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
63. During playtime, Jamal’s mother hid his toy under a blanket. Jamal, who is 9 months old, reacted to this by looking for his toy under the blanket.
According to Piaget, Jamal has developed
A. seriation.
B. transduction.
C. object permanence.
D. hypothetico-deductive reasoning.
Page: 178
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Object Permanence
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
64. Janice tells her mother that the moon follows her wherever she goes. She tells that the moon must be a living thing. According to Jean Piaget’s
cognitive development theory, which of the following statements is true about this scenario?
A. Janice is unable to understand the concept of object permanence.
B. Janice is exhibiting animistic thinking.
C. Janice is most likely at the formal operational stage of cognitive development.
D. Janice is exhibiting conservation.
Page: 179
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Child Development
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
65. Veronica is four years old. She uses words and symbols to represent ideas. She also thinks that inanimate objects, such as stones and rivers, have
life. According to Jean Piaget, Veronica is at the _____ of cognitive development.
A. formal operational stageB. preoperational stage
C. concrete operational stage
D. sensorimotor stage
Page: 179
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Child Development
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
66. In the context of Jean Piaget’s cognitive development theory, identify an accurate statement about the preoperational stage of cognitive
development.
A. It is first stage of cognitive development.
B. Children tend to view the world only from their own perspective in this stage.
C. Children gain the ability to reason about abstract concepts and problems in this stage.
D. It is marked by the mastery of conservation.
Page: 179
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Child Development
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
67. According to Piaget, animistic thinking is a characteristic of the _____ stage of cognitive development.
A. sensorimotor
B. formal operational
C. concrete operational
D. preoperational
Page: 179
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
68. According to Piaget, children move into the _____ stage of cognitive development at around age 2 and this period lasts until about age 5 or 6.
A. sensorimotor
B. preoperational
C. concrete operational
D. formal operational
Page: 179
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
69. Entrance into Piaget’s preoperational stage of development is marked by
A. emergence of symbolic thought.
B. development of abstract reasoning.
C. an understanding of conservation.
D. the ability to reason scientifically.
Page: 179
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
70. According to Piaget, egocentrism is a characteristic of the _____ stage of cognitive development.
A. sensorimotor
B. formal operational
C. concrete operational
D. preoperationalPage: 179
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
71. Darin and his younger sister are seated on opposite sides of a table, facing each other. There are five toy houses on the table. Darin’s mother asks
him how his younger sister would see the toy houses. Darin provides explanations only from his perspective. He tells his mother that he does not
know how his sister would visualize the toy houses. Which of the following is reflected in this scenario?
A. Darin is unable to engage in animistic thinking.
B. Darin fails to understand the concept of object permanence.
C. Darin is mastering the skill of conservation.
D. Darin is exhibiting egocentrism.
Page: 179
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Topic: Infancy
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
72. Four-year-old Edana thinks it is raining because the clouds are sad and crying. According to Jean Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, Edana
is demonstrating _____ in this scenario.
A. matter conservation
B. animistic thinking
C. egocentrism
D. social referencing
Page: 179
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
73. Which of the following situations best exemplifies the concept of animistic thinking?
A. A child believes that lampposts are running along with him when he is travelling in a car.
B. A child believes that objects that are once hidden under a blanket will never come back again.
C. A child realizes that all objects that look similar in color weigh the same.
D. A child realizes that his glass of water has more water than similar glasses of other people.
Page: 179
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
74. _____ is the tendency to view the world from one’s own perspective and not see things from another person’s perspective.
A. Egocentrism
B. Object permanence
C. Animistic thinking
D. Pruning
Page: 179
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
75. Piaget and Inhelder (1967) designed the ‘three mountains task’ to measure young children’s
A. individuation.
B. object permanence.
C. egocentrism.
D. animistic thinking.
Page: 179–180
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: RememberDifficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
76. When asked where the sun goes at night, four-year-old Kiet explains to his dad that it goes to sleep. Later that day, Kiet gets upset because he
believes his sister’s glass contains more juice than his glass. Both glasses actually contain the same amount of juice, but Kiet is confused because of
the tall and thin shape of his sister’s glass. From these instances, we can say that Kiet is in the _____ stage of Piaget’s cognitive development.
A. sensorimotor
B. preoperational
C. concrete operations
D. formal operations
Page: 179–180
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
77. _____ is the ability to recognize that when some properties (such as shape) of an object change, other properties (such as mass) remain constant.
A. Egocentrism
B. Object permanence
C. Animistic thinking
D. Conservation
Page: 180
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Conservation
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
78. With reference to the stages of cognitive development introduced by Piaget, which of the following statements is true regarding the
preoperational stage?
A. During this stage children develop scientific reasoning and hypothesis-testing skills.
B. This stage is characterized my mastering object permanence.
C. Typically, children between the ages of 6 months to 1 year are in this stage.
D. During this stage children cannot recognize that amounts stay the same when shapes change.
Page: 180
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Conservation
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
79. Three-year-old Devesh gets upset because he believes his sister’s glass has more juice than his glass does. Both of them have the same amounts of
juice but Devesh is confused because of the difference in the shape of their juice glasses. According to Piaget, this would be an example of Devesh’s
A. egocentrism.
B. animistic thinking.
C. lack of conservation.
D. lack of understanding of object permanence.
Page: 180
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Topic: Conservation
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
80. Clyne and Jeff are waiting for their breakfast while their mother pours milk into their glasses. Jeff tells Clyne that the milk will increase in
volume because Clyne’s glass is bigger than Jeff’s glass. Clyne replies that the volume of milk will not be affected by the size of the glass. This leads
to an argument between the two as to who has the bigger serving. In this case, Clyne and Jeff have mastered the concept of
A. egocentrism.
B. animistic thinking.
C. conservation.
D. object permanence.
Page: 180
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychologyAccessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
81. According to the Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, children between the age of 6 to 11 are in the _____ stage.
A. preoperational
B. formal operational
C. concrete operational
D. sensorimotor
Page: 181
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
82. During Piaget’s third stage of cognitive development, called the concrete operational stage (ages 6–11), children
A. gain the ability to systematically solve problems without resorting to trial and error.
B. gain the ability to reason about abstract concepts and problems.
C. develop the ability to perform mental operations on real, or concrete, objects and events.
D. develop the ability to realize that objects still exist when they are not being sensed.
Page: 181
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
83. According to Piaget, children acquire the ability to conserve during the _____ stage of cognitive development.
A. sensorimotor
B. concrete operational
C. preoperational
D. formal operational
Page: 181
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Conservation
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
84. According to Piaget, in the _____ stage of cognitive development, logic is limited to what a child can directly observe.
A. sensorimotor
B. formal operational
C. preoperational
D. concrete operational
Page: 181
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
85. In the context of Jean Piaget’s cognitive development theory, identify an accurate statement about the concrete operational stage of cognitive
development.
A. Children engage in animistic thinking.
B. Children are able to reverse events.
C. Children develop scientific reasoning, and formal logic becomes possible.
D. Children start to display object permanence.
Page: 181
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory86. Which of the following is a limitation of Jean Piaget’s cognitive development theory?
A. It does not include the knowledge a child gains by engaging in abstract reasoning or scientific reasoning.
B. It omits the social component of cognitive development.
C. It does not include the knowledge a child gains through his or her senses.
D. It ignores the role of perceptual skills in cognitive development.
Page: 181
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
87. Identify an accurate statement about the zone of proximal development.
A. The phrase was coined by Jean Piaget.
B. It is the distance between what a child can learn alone and what that child can learn assisted by someone else, usually an adult.
C. It explains learning as a non-social process.
D. It is the zone in which a child engages with the least number of people for effective learning.
Page: 181
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Social Development
88. In the context of cognitive development, which of the following statements would most likely be supported by Lev Vygotsky?
A. Cognitive development occurs in a vacuum.
B. The zone of proximal development should be eliminated for effective learning.
C. Cultural factors have no influence on an individual’s cognitive abilities.
D. Learning is best understood as a social process.
Page: 181
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Social Development
89. Which of the following statements is true regarding the formal operational stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?
A. During this stage formal logic becomes possible.
B. This is the second stage of cognitive development.
C. Typically, children between the ages of 2 to 4 years are in this stage.
D. During this stage children learn the concept of object permanence.
Page: 181
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
90. According to Jean Piaget, children most likely develop hypothesis-testing skills at the _____ of cognitive development.
A. formal operational stage
B. concrete operational stage
C. sensorimotor stage
D. preoperational stage
Page: 181
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
91. In which stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development does abstract and scientific reasoning develop?
A. Formal operational
B. Preoperational
C. Concrete operational
D. SensorimotorPage: 181
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
92. Twelve-year-old Allen argues that, “If Shamus is a man, and all men are mortal, then Shamus is mortal.” Based on the information given in this
statement, which of the following is most likely to be true about Allen?
A. Allen is in the concrete operational stage of development of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
B. In this stage, Allen’s logic remains concrete and limited to objects that he directly observes.
C. Allen is in the formal operational stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
D. Allen can perform mental operations—on real, or concrete, objects and events—but still has trouble with abstract ideas and reasoning.
Page: 181
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
93. The term _____ refers to our knowledge and ideas of how other people’s minds work.
A. cognitive programming
B. pruning
C. theory of mind
D. animistic thinking
Page: 181
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Theory of Mind
94. Psychologists created the false-belief task to determine when children develop
A. egocentrism.
B. animistic thinking.
C. object permanence.
D. theory of mind.
Page: 182
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Theory of Mind
95. Quinn, who is in pre-school, was the only child to see the teacher take crackers out of the cracker box and fill the box with potato chips instead.
When asked what the other children will expect to find in the cracker box, Quinn says “potato chips.” This response is evidence that Quinn lacks
A. object permanence.
B. conservation.
C. theory of mind.
D. egocentrism.
Page: 182
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Topic: Theory of Mind
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
96. Kohlberg (1981) developed the “Heinz Dilemma” to assess
A. the development of moral reasoning in children.
B. the physical development of children less than 5 years of age.
C. the cognitive ability of children.
D. the development of linguistic ability in children.
Page: 182
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.Topic: Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
97. According to the theory of moral reasoning developed by Kohlberg, _____ level is the least developed level of moral reasoning.
A. concrete operational
B. preconventional
C. formal operational
D. postconventional
Page: 182
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
98. Henderson tries to complete his homework on time because he fears being punished by the teacher. According to Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of
moral reasoning, Henderson is most likely at the _____ of moral reasoning.
A. concrete operational level
B. preconventional level
C. formal operational level
D. postconventional level
Page: 182–183
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
APA Outcome: 3.1 Apply ethical standards to evaluate psychological science and practice
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
99. Johnny says he will not drive above the speed limit simply because he does not want to pay the cost of a speeding ticket. Based on this
information, it can be concluded that Johnny is operating at the _____ stage of Kohlberg’s theory of moral reasoning.
A. sensorimotor
B. preconventional
C. concrete operational
D. preoperational
Page: 182–183
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
APA Outcome: 3.1 Apply ethical standards to evaluate psychological science and practice
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
100. Research on Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of moral reasoning indicates that
A. reasoning at the postconventional level is limited to non-Western cultures.
B. postconventional reasoning is rarely based on a personal moral code.
C. children tend to reason preconventionally.
D. adults tend to only reason postconventionally.
Page: 183
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
101. Isabel tells her friend that people should not commit murder or engage in robbery because such crimes are wrong. She says that people should
follow the rules set by society. According to Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of moral reasoning, Isabel is most likely at the _____ of moral reasoning.
A. postconventional level
B. formal operational level
C. preconventional level
D. conventional level
Page: 183
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
APA Outcome: 3.1 Apply ethical standards to evaluate psychological science and practice
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development102. According to Lawrence Kohlberg, which of the following statements would an individual most likely support when the individual is at the
postconventional level of moral reasoning?
A. People should always follow the rules created by society.
B. Universal moral rules should not trump immoral local rules.
C. Social order is more important than personal values and morals.
D. Ends justify the means, but people must be willing to suffer the consequences of their actions.
Page: 183
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
APA Outcome: 3.1 Apply ethical standards to evaluate psychological science and practice
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
103. According to Lawrence Kolhberg’s stages of moral reasoning, which of following statements would an individual most likely support when the
individual is at the conventional level of moral reasoning?
A. Judgments are not based on the needs of society.
B. Ends justify the means.
C. Judgments should be based on personal needs.
D. Rules are rules and they are not to be broken.
Page: 183
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
APA Outcome: 3.1 Apply ethical standards to evaluate psychological science and practice
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
104. Jared says that he would break the law and steal pharmaceuticals to save his ailing friend. He also says that he is willing to be incarcerated to
save his friend. In the context of the theory of moral reasoning developed by Lawrence Kohlberg, Jared is at the _____ stage of moral development.
A. postconventional
B. preconventional
C. concrete operational
D. preoperational
Page: 183
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
APA Outcome: 3.1 Apply ethical standards to evaluate psychological science and practice
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
105. According to Kohlberg, a person who is at the _____ level of moral development acknowledges both the norm and the law, but argues that there
are universal moral rules that may trump unjust or immoral local rules.
A. concrete operational
B. preconventional
C. functional operational
D. postconventional
Page: 183
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
APA Outcome: 3.1 Apply ethical standards to evaluate psychological science and practice
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
106. According to Kohlberg, postconventional moral reasoning is based on
A. avoidance of punishments.
B. the social consequences of an action.
C. universal moral rules.
D. individual moral temperaments.
Page: 183
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development107. Which of the following is the level of moral reasoning which, as proposed by Kohlberg, appears to be limited to Western cultures?
A. Functional operational level
B. Postconventional level
C. Preoperational level
D. Conventional level
Page: 183
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
108. According to the model of temperament developed by Alexander Thomas and Stella Chess, the _____ child is predictable in daily functions, is
happy most of the time, and is adaptable.
A. difficult
B. conventional
C. slow-to-warm-up
D. easy
Page: 184
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Temperament
109. According to the model of temperament developed by Alexander Thomas and Stella Chess, which of the following statements is true regarding
the difficult child?
A. The difficult child is slow to adapt to new situations.
B. The difficult child is happy most of the time.
C. The difficult child is predictable in daily functions
D. The difficult child is mildly irregular in the daily patterns of eating, sleeping, and eliminating.
Page: 184
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Temperament
110. According to the model of temperament developed by Alexander Thomas and Stella Chess, the _____ child is mildly intense in his or her
reactions to new situations and mildly irregular in the daily patterns of eating, sleeping, and eliminating.
A. difficult
B. conventional
C. slow-to-warm-up
D. easy
Page: 184
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Temperament
111. Some animals, especially birds, follow and imitate the first large creature they see immediately after birth. This behavior is called
A. pruning.
B. imprinting.
C. animistic thinking.
D. egocentrism.
Page: 184
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Attachment
112. Jane has a parrot. The parrot has a baby that tries to imitate and copy its mother during the first few days of its life. The parrot’s baby is
exhibiting
A. pruning.B. imprinting.
C. animistic thinking.
D. egocentrism.
Page: 184
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Attachment
A. cognition
B. imprinting
C. attachment
113. In human development, _____ refers to the strong emotional connection that develops early in life to keep infants close to their caregivers.
D. sublimation
Page: 184
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Attachment
114. Nine-month-old Terrell is screaming and crying because his mother has dropped him off at the day care. He displays this distress each time she
leaves him. Terrell is likely experiencing
A. preoperational thinking.
B. secure attachment.
C. object permanence.
D. separation anxiety.
Page: 184
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Attachment
115. Mary Ainsworth studied infant attachment with a procedure known as the
A. prison study.
B. obedience experiment.
C. strange situation.
D. line judgment task.
Page: 185
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Attachment
116. According to the strange-situation experiment conducted by Mary Ainsworth, _____ infants often show little to no distress in separation
episodes, and when the mother returns, the infants tend to ignore and avoid her, focusing instead on something else in the room.
A. insecure-resistant
B. insecure-avoidant
C. insecure-disoriented
D. insecure-disorganized
Page: 185
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Attachment
117. In the context of the strange-situation experiment conducted by Mary Ainsworth and her associates, identify an accurate statement about
insecure-avoidant infants.
A. A majority of the infants in the world are insecure-avoidant.
B. A majority of the infants are commonly classified as insecure-avoidant in Western cultures.
C. Insecure-avoidant infants show a high level of distress in separation episodes.D. Insecure-avoidant infants show difficulty in reuniting with their caregiver.
Page: 185
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Attachment
118. With reference to the strange-situation experiment conducted by Mary Ainsworth, _____ infants cannot be comforted by the mother on reunion
and show difficulty in returning to play.
A. insecure-resistant
B. insecure-avoidant
C. insecure-disorganized
D. insecure-disoriented
Page: 185
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Attachment
119. According to the strange-situation experiment conducted by Mary Ainsworth and her associates, majority of infants are
A. securely attached.
B. insecure-avoidant.
C. insecure-disorganized.
D. disoriented.
Page: 185
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Attachment
120. With reference to the strange-situation experiment conducted by Mary Ainsworth, _____ infants show odd, conflicted behaviors in the strange
situation.
A. insecure-resistant
B. insecure-avoidant
C. insecure-disoriented
D. insecure-attached
Page: 185
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Attachment
121. In the context of the strange-situation experiment conducted by Mary Ainsworth and her associates, which of the following statements is true
about insecure-disoriented infants?
A. They actively resist reunion.
B. In the United States, insecure-disoriented infants are the most common classification of infants.
C. They are usually frightened during reunion episodes.
D. About 80% of infants are insecure-disoriented.
Page: 185
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Attachment
122. With reference to the strange-situation experiment conducted by Mary Ainsworth, the _____ classification is considered the most insecure
because the infant’s fear of their attachment figure inhibits the development of a strategy for effective regulation of stress.
A. insecure-attached
B. insecure-avoidant
C. insecure-resistant
D. insecure-disorganizedPage: 185
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Attachment
123. Harry Harlow said that _____ comfort is as essential a function of nursing in humans as is nutrition.
A. contact
B. protection
C. attention
D. training
Page: 186
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Attachment
124. Tiffany Field and her colleagues (1986) conducted an experiment to determine whether regular touch might help tiny premature infants. During
the experiment she found that the babies who received touch therapy _____ than those who did not.
A. cried less
B. gained significantly more weight
C. slept significantly more
D. fell ill more frequently
Page: 187
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Attachment
125. When do babies begin to show facial expressions similar to adult expressions of anger when restrained?
A. Between the ages of two and three months
B. When they are two to three weeks old
C. Between the ages of four and seven months
D. When they are five to seven weeks old
Page: 187
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Infancy
126. By the age of _____, babies can discriminate between fearful and happy faces.
A. 2 years
B. 3 months
C. 1 year
D. 7 months
Page: 187
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Infancy
127. Jennifer who is six years old knows when it is appropriate to express anger and when to remain calm in social situations. Which of the following
statements is true about Jennifer?
A. Jennifer has developed social referencing.
B. Jennifer understands the concept of conservation.
C. Jennifer exhibits emotional competence.
D. Jennifer understands the concept of imprinting.
Page: 188
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.Topic: Social Development
128. Children begin to interact socially during play at about age
A. two.
B. three.
C. four.
D. five.
Page: 188
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Social Development
129. One longitudinal study evaluated 1,000 New Zealand children over an 18-year period to try to understand what childhood temperament predicts
about adult personality and behavior. Eighteen years after the initial assessment, the individuals whose parents had classified them as undercontrolled
at age 3 were likely to
A. be nonassertive and over anxious.
B. engage in thrill-seeking behaviors.
C. suffer from prolonged depression.
D. attempt suicide.
Page: 190
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Social Development
130. In an experiment conducted by Gjerde & Cardilla in 2009, children were assessed at age 3 and 4 on the dimension of openness to new
experiences. Then the same children were assessed again at ages 18 and 23. The study indicated that the open and imaginative young girls tended to
become _____ young women.
A. self-assured and flexible
B. highly career oriented
C. anxious and self-doubting
D. emotionally sterile and calculating
Page: 191
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Social Development
131. In an experiment conducted by Gjerde & Cardilla in 2009, children were assessed at age 3 and 4 on the dimension of openness to new
experiences. Then the same children were assessed again at ages 18 and 23. The study indicated that the open and imaginative young boys tended to
become _____ young adults.
A. self-doubting
B. extremely emotional
C. anxious
D. self-assured and flexible
Page: 191
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan.
Topic: Social Development
132. Adolescence is the transition period between childhood and early adulthood, beginning at about age 11 or 12 and lasting until around age
A. 15.
B. 18.
C. 22.
D. 25.
Page: 191
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Learning Objective: Discuss physical development during the lifespan.Topic: Puberty
133. The _____ glands are also called gonads.
A. parathyroid
B. adrenaline
C. sex
D. alveolar
Page: 191
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Learning Objective: Discuss physical development during the lifespan.
Topic: Puberty
134. Which of the following hormones initiates the physical changes associated with male maturation?
A. Estradiol
B. Progesterone
C. Testosterone
D. Orexin
Page: 191
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Learning Objective: Discuss physical development during the lifespan.
Topic: Puberty
135. On average, boys reach puberty at about age
A. 9.
B. 11.
C. 13.
D. 15.
Page: 191
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Learning Objective: Discuss physical development during the lifespan.
Topic: Puberty
136. Which of the following glands sends hormonal signals to the sex glands, telling them to mature?
A. Parathyroid
B. Adrenaline
C. Alveolar
D. Pituitary
Page: 191
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Learning Objective: Discuss physical development during the lifespan.
Topic: Puberty
137. The female gonads are called
A. vagina.
B. fallopian tubes.
C. ovaries.
D. uteri.
Page: 191
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Learning Objective: Discuss physical development during the lifespan.
Topic: Puberty
138. The male gonads are calledA. testes.
B. thymus.
C. penises.
D. adrenals.
Page: 191
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Learning Objective: Discuss physical development during the lifespan.
Topic: Puberty
139. Lee, who is thirteen, is experiencing new growth of facial and pubic hair, a deepening of his voice, and a widening of his shoulders. Which of
the following hormones is responsible for these developments?
A. Leptin
B. Estrogen
C. Testosterone
D. Oxytocin
Page: 191
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Learning Objective: Discuss physical development during the lifespan.
Topic: Puberty
140. _____ is the sex hormone that initiates the growth of breasts, widening of hips, and increase in body fat in girls.
A. Testosterone
B. Estradiol
C. Leptin
D. Oxytocin
Page: 191
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Learning Objective: Discuss physical development during the lifespan.
Topic: Puberty
141. _____ marks the beginning of adolescence.
A. Symbolic thinking
B. Puberty
C. Animistic thinking
D. Egocentrism
Page: 191
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Learning Objective: Discuss physical development during the lifespan.
Topic: Puberty
142. In most Western cultures, the age of menarche has dropped from 16 in the 1800s to _____ today.
A. 8 or 9
B. 12 or 13
C. 14 or 15
D. 9 or 10
Page: 192
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Learning Objective: Discuss physical development during the lifespan.
Topic: Puberty
143. Which of the following is a primary problem of adolescence?
A. In boys, the event that signals readiness to reproduce is menarche.
B. Boys are not able to engage in scientific reasoning and hypothesis testing.C. In boys and girls, the body is ready for parenthood far earlier than the mind is.
D. Boys and girls do not gain the ability to reason about abstract concepts and problems.
Page: 192
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Learning Objective: Discuss physical development during the lifespan.
Topic: Puberty
144. The _____ are the last areas of the brain to fully develop, and they continue to mature until late adolescence or early adulthood.
A. abducens nuclei
B. medulla oblongata
C. globose nuclei
D. frontal lobes
Page: 193
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Topic: Brain Development
145. Which of the following occurs after the frontal lobes have developed more fully?
A. Animistic thinking increases.
B. Heart rate decreases.
C. Scientific thinking becomes possible.
D. The possibility of developing anorexia nervosa increases.
Page: 193
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Topic: Brain Development
146. In the context of brain development in humans, which of the following occurs during adolescence?
A. Synaptic pruning begins.
B. Neural synchrony increases.
C. Myelination proceeds from frontal lobes to the back of the brain.
D. Cortex becomes thinner.
Page: 193
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Topic: Brain Development
147. _____ is the ability of certain types of brain waves to work together to allow for coordinated activity in the brain.
A. Synaptic pruning
B. Neural synchrony
C. Myelination
D. Polarization
Page: 193
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Topic: Brain Development
148. Myelination proceeds from the _____ during the period from childhood to adolescence.
A. bottom of the brain to the top
B. top of the brain to the bottom
C. frontal lobes to the back of the brain
D. back of the brain to the frontal lobes
Page: 193
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Topic: Brain Development
149. Identify an accurate statement about myelination in humans.
A. The process of myelination begins when an individual attains adulthood.
B. In girls, myelination proceeds from the front of the brain to the back.
C. The rate and locations of myelination is the same for boys and girls.
D. In boys, the increased white matter organization occurs in the left hemisphere.
Page: 193
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Topic: Brain Development
150. Synaptic pruning refers to the process during which
A. the rarely used synapses die off to make the brain more efficient.
B. children develop egocentrism.
C. the size of the frontal lobe increases.
D. new synapses are formed in order to accommodate newer knowledge and scientific thought.
Page: 193
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Topic: Brain Development
151. Philip Shaw and colleagues in 2006 demonstrated that the brains of highly intelligent children, as compared to the brains of children with
average intelligence, have a
A. thicker frontal cortex at age seven.
B. thinner cortex at age nine.
C. thicker frontal cortex at mid-adolescence.
D. thinner cortex at age 19.
Page: 193
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Topic: Brain Development
152. During complex and demanding tasks, teens
A. distribute the workload evenly throughout the brain.
B. overload their frontal lobes.
C. distribute the workload evenly between abducens nucleus and globose nucleus.
D. overload their flocculonodular lobe.
Page: 194
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Topic: Brain Development
153. With the onset of puberty and adolescence, children begin to focus on
A. egocentrism.
B. developing their animistic thinking.
C. the questions of who they are.
D. motor skills.
Page: 194
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Topic: Adolescence
Topic: Puberty
154. Having close, intimate friends during adolescence is more likely to be associated withA. poorer performance in school.
B. more conflicts with authority figures.
C. feelings of self-worth in adulthood.
D. more conflicts with parents.
Page: 195
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Topic: Social Development
155. In the teen years, _____ start to replace parents as a source of identification.
A. teachers
B. seniors
C. siblings
D. peers
Page: 195
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Topic: Social Development
156. Jeanne, who is 14 years old, tells her friend that she is attracted to only females. Her gender identity is the same as her sex assigned at birth. She
does not have sexual fantasies about individuals of the opposite gender. Which of the following statements is true in this scenario?
A. Jeanne is bisexual.
B. Jeanne is transgender.
C. Jeanne is homosexual.
D. Jeanne is sapiosexual.
Page: 195
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Topic: Adolescence
Topic: Gender Identity
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
157. An individual who is sexually attracted to both sexes is called a
A. bisexual.
B. heterosexual.
C. homosexual.
D. sapiosexual.
Page: 195
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Topic: Adolescence
Topic: Gender Identity
158. John tells his mother that he identifies with the opposite gender he was assigned at birth. He also says that he is sexually attracted to only
individuals of the same sex. Identify an accurate statement about John’s sexual and gender identity.
A. John is bisexual.
B. John is transgender.
C. John is cis-gendered.
Page: 195
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Topic: Adolescence
Topic: Gender Identity
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
159. Hannah is 15 years old. She is sexually inclined only toward members of the opposite sex. She identifies with the gender assigned to her at birth.
Identify an accurate statement about Hannah’s gender and sexual identity.
A. Hannah is bisexual.
B. Hannah is transgender.C. Hannah is transsexual.
D. Hannah is heterosexual.
Page: 195
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Topic: Adolescence
Topic: Gender Identity
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
160. Jacob, who is 12 years old, tells his friend that he is attracted to only females. His gender identity is the same as his sex assigned at birth. He has
sexual fantasies about individuals of the opposite gender. Which of the following statements is true in this scenario?
A. Jacob is engaging in animistic thinking.
B. Jacob is a transgender.
C. Jacob is homosexual.
D. Jacob is cis-gendered.
Page: 195–196
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Topic: Adolescence
Topic: Gender Identity
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
161. According to Erik Erikson, a(n) _____ is an opportunity for adaptive or maladaptive adjustment.
A. identity crisis
B. sensorimotor stage
C. pruning
D. neural migration
Page: 196
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Topic: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
162. Arnett calls the phase between adolescence and young adulthood _____, which spans the ages 18–25 years.
A. primary adulthood
B. emerging adulthood
C. early adulthood
D. preliminary adulthood
Page: 197
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss adult development and the dimensions of aging.
Topic: Emerging Adulthood
163. Although much brain development has happened by the time of emerging adulthood, the brain continues to change and grow. The prefrontal
cortex continues to develop and fibers there are increasingly _____, which facilitates neural communication.
A. rewired
B. migrated
C. myelinated
D. pruned
Page: 198
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss adult development and the dimensions of aging.
Topic: Emerging Adulthood
164. During their studies in 2009, Aberg and colleagues found positive correlation between _____ and better cognitive scores.
A. vision
B. muscular strength
C. size of the anterior lobe
D. cardiovascular fitnessPage: 200
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss adult development and the dimensions of aging.
Topic: Adulthood
165. Which among the following is a clear marker of reaching adulthood?
A. Animistic thinking
B. Having a child
C. Symbolic thinking
D. Graduating
Page: 201
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss adult development and the dimensions of aging.
Topic: Adulthood
166. According to Erik Erikson, during one’s 20s, the primary conflict is between
A. intimacy and isolation.
B. career and family.
C. integrity and despair.
D. generativity and stagnation.
Page: 201
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
Topic: Identity
167. Jennifer, a teenager, is unable to enter into a relationship with her friend Mark because she fears that she would lose her identity. In the context
of Erik Erikson’s theory of personality development, identify the nature of conflict confronted by Jennifer.
A. Generativity and stagnation
B. Integrity and despair
C. Intimacy and isolation
D. Industry and inferiority
Page: 201
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
Topic: Identity
168. Which are the biggest predictors of hearing loss?
A. Social class and gender
B. Profession and social class
C. Ethnicity, cultural environment, and gender
D. Age, gender and profession
Page: 202
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
169. According to Jung, individuation is the process by which:
A. a person’s personality becomes whole and full.
B. neurons move from one part of the brain to their more permanent home.
C. unused synapses die off to make the brain more efficient.
D. the individual becomes more self-focused than oriented toward others and does not contribute in a productive way to society or family.
Page: 202
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: LowLearning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Identity
170. Most developmental psychologists place _____ between the ages of 40 and 60 or 65.
A. middle adulthood
B. late adulthood
C. emerging adulthood
D. early adulthood
Page: 202
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss adult development and the dimensions of aging.
Topic: Adulthood
171. Sarita is 30 years old. She is married and owns a software company. She wants to focus on work but also wants to devote time to her family. She
contemplates her purpose in life and tries to identify the true meaning of life. In the context of Erik Erikson’s theory of personality development,
identify the nature of conflict confronted by Sarita.
A. Integrity versus despair
B. Intimacy versus isolation
C. Generativity versus stagnation
D. Industry versus inferiority
Page: 203
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss adult development and the dimensions of aging.
Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Adulthood
Topic: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
172. Erik Erikson defined _____ as the creation of new ideas, products, or people.
A. pruning
B. neural migration
C. prenatal programming
D. generativity
Page: 203
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss adult development and the dimensions of aging.
Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Adulthood
Topic: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
173. According to Erik Erikson, parenting, starting a business, and creating a work of art are examples of
A. neural migration.
B. generativity.
C. individuation
D. stagnation.
Page: 203
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss adult development and the dimensions of aging.
Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Adulthood
Topic: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
174. Heather is a mother of two kids. She owns a boutique store. She has become more focused on her career and does not contribute in a productive
way to her family or peers. In the context of Erik Erikson’s theory of personality development, _____ has occurred.
A. stagnation
B. conservation
C. isolation
D. generativity
Page: 203
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: ApplyDifficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss adult development and the dimensions of aging.
Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
Topic: Identity
175. Which of the following is true about late adulthood?
A. Late adulthood begins around age 55.
B. The numbers of neurons (gray matter) increases in late adulthood.
C. The older brain does not change as rapidly as the younger brain, but it remains dynamic.
D. The kind of memory involved in processing and maintaining information while making decisions strengthens in late adulthood.
Page: 203
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss adult development and the dimensions of aging.
Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Adulthood
Topic: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
176. _____ intelligence involves raw mental ability, pattern recognition, and abstract reasoning and is applied to a problem that a person has never
confronted before.
A. Crystallized
B. Alternative
C. Fluid
D. Amorphous
Page: 203
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Intelligence
177. Identify an accurate statement about fluid intelligence.
A. It is not influenced by culture or vocabulary.
B. It is the knowledge that one gains from experience and learning.
C. It cannot be used in problems that require abstract reasoning.
D. It is commonly known as emotional competence.
Page: 203
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Intelligence
178. Knowledge that one has gained from experience and learning, education, and practice, is called _____ intelligence.
A. amorphous
B. crystallized
C. alternative
D. fluid
Page: 203
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Intelligence
179. Identify an accurate statement about crystallized intelligence.
A. Crystallized intelligence involves raw mental ability, pattern recognition, and abstract reasoning.
B. Crystallized intelligence declines in middle adulthood.
C. It excludes knowledge that one has gained from experience.
D. It is largely influenced by one’s knowledge of culture.
Page: 203
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Intelligence180. Nathan’s uncle asks him whether Chihuahua is to dog as flamingo is to bird. Which of the following statements is true about this scenario?
A. This is an example of a problem for which Nathan requires crystallized intelligence.
B. This problem can be answered by Nathan using raw mental ability and abstract reasoning.
C. Neither culture nor vocabulary influence Nathan’s ability to answer this problem.
D. Nathan’s ability to answer this problem does not depend on his learning and education.
Page: 203–204
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Intelligence
181. Which of the following is most likely to reduce cognitive decline with aging?
A. Reading in early childhood
B. Sleeping for more than eight hours every day
C. Exercising
D. Playing a musical instrument
Page: 204
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Cognitive Development
182. One cognitive benefit of aging is _____, the ability to live well, know what is important, and use good judgment.
A. fluid intelligence
B. wisdom
C. bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
D. crystallized intelligence
Page: 204
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Cognitive Development
183. _____ is an unusual degree of loss in cognitive functions and includes memory problems and difficulty reasoning, solving problems, making
decisions, and using language.
A. Bipolar disorder
B. Cerebral palsy
C. Huntington’s disease
D. Dementia
Page: 204
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Cognitive Development
184. Which of the following is most likely to be a risk factor for dementia?
A. Age
B. Gender
C. Ethnicity
D. Social class
Page: 204
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Cognitive Development
185. Which of the following is true about dementia?
A. Aging is a necessary and sufficient cause of dementia.
B. Neurological conditions such as strokes can lead to dementia among the elderly.
C. Dementia can lead to multiple strokes among the elderly.D. Pruning in early childhood is a significant cause of dementia in late adulthood.
Page: 204
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Cognitive Development
186. When a blood vessel that serves the brain is blocked, the brain tissue served by that vessel does not receive the oxygen and nutrients it needs,
and so the tissue dies. This is referred to as
A. Parkinson’s disease.
B. a bipolar disorder.
C. a stroke.
D. Alzheimer’s disease.
Page: 204
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Cognitive Development
187. _____ is a degenerative disease marked by progressive cognitive decline with symptoms including confusion, memory loss, mood swings, and
eventual loss of physical function.
A. Down’s syndrome
B. Alzheimer’s disease
C. Schizophrenia
D. Bipolar disorder
Page: 204
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Cognitive Development
188. _____ accounts for 60–70 percent of the cases of dementia among the elderly.
A. Bipolar disorder
B. Schizophrenia
C. Down syndrome
D. Alzheimer’s disease
Page: 204
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Cognitive Development
189. The defining anatomical feature of Alzheimer’s is
A. the presence of bromelain in the brain.
B. the absence of synapses in the frontal cortex.
C. the presence of patches of dead tissue in the brain.
D. the absence of neurons in the posterior cortex.
Page: 204
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Cognitive Development
190. Which of the following statements is true about Alzheimer’s disease?
A. Early-onset of Alzheimer’s affects people younger than 35.
B. Currently, the only way Alzheimer’s can be diagnosed definitively is by examining brain tissue after death.
C. Alzheimer’s accounts for only 10%-20% of the cases of dementia among the elderly.
D. Alzheimer’s is non-progressive, and hence its fatality level is low.
Page: 204
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationBloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Cognitive Development
191. Low levels of the neurotransmitter _____ inhibit memory formation in people with Alzheimer’s disease.
A. acetylcholine
B. dopamine
C. serotonin
D. norepinephrine
Page: 204–205
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Cognitive Development
192. Some evidence suggests that _____ might offset or even prevent the kind of neural degeneration seen in Alzheimer’s and other age-related brain
disorders.
A. pruning
B. neurogenesis
C. neural migration
D. individuation
Page: 205
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Cognitive Development
193. Which of the following statements is true about aerobic exercising?
A. Such brisk physical activity is usually dangerous to the heart and lungs and can cause death among adults and aged people.
B. Research suggests that it can actually make the brain grow.
C. It fails to meet the body’s increased need for oxygen.
D. It results in decline in higher mental processing of an individual.
Page: 205
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Cognitive Development
194. Sam is 70 years old. He feels that all the decisions he took in his personal life and in his work are coming together. He also feels that he has a
better understanding of life now than when he was in his teens. In the context of Erik Erikson’s theory of personality development, Sam’s feelings
best represent the concept of:
A. intimacy.
B. generativity.
C. integrity.
D. stagnation.
Page: 206
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss adult development and the dimensions of aging.
Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
Topic: Identity
195. According to Erik Erikson’s theory of personality development, the core strength of old age is
A. emotional intelligence.
B. exuberance.
C. lack of fear.
D. wisdom.
Page: 206
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss adult development and the dimensions of aging.Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
Topic: Identity
196. Which of the following is true about integrity in of the context of Erik Erikson’s theory of personality development?
A. Integrity is the sense that all of one’s life decisions are coming together.
B. Integrity is being informed and knowledgeable about life.
C. Integrity is the creation of new ideas, products, or people.
D. Integrity is the ability to fuse one’s identity with another’s without the fear of losing it.
Page: 206
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss adult development and the dimensions of aging.
Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
Topic: Identity
197. Elizabeth Kübler-Ross (1969) detailed the stages people may move through after learning they are going to die and found their first stage in
dealing with the end of life is
A. bargaining.
B. depression.
C. anger.
D. denial.
Page: 206
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Death
Topic: Life Themes
198. Elizabeth Kübler-Ross (1969) detailed the stages people may move through after learning they are going to die and found their last stage in
dealing with the end of life is
A. acceptance.
B. depression.
C. anger.
D. denial.
Page: 206
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Death
Topic: Life Themes
199. _____ focus on the overall needs of the patient and family members, such as physical comfort, emotional care, and a dignified death.
A. Hospitals
B. Intensive care units
C. Hospices
D. Diagnostic centers
Page: 206
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development.
Topic: Death
Topic: Life Themes
200. According to research, video games can
A. enhance mathematical skills in adolescents.
B. impair linguistic skills.
C. impair motor skills.
D. enhance cognitive skills such as visual tracking.
Page: 207
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: LowLearning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan.
Topic: Cognitive Development
201. According to the research conducted by Vandewater, Shim, & Caplovitz in 2004, heavy amounts of video gaming—but not TV viewing—are
associated with being _____ in children.
A. overweight
B. blind
C. depressed
D. violent
Page: 208
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood.
Topic: Child Development
202. Which of the following age groups is most influenced by technology?
A. Infants
B. Babies
C. Adolescents
D. Elderly adults
Page: 208
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of development.
Topic: Adolescence
Category # of Questions
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 202
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology 117
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains 58
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology 27
APA Outcome: 3.1 Apply ethical standards to evaluate psychological science and practice 7
Bloom’s: Apply 27
Bloom’s: Remember 122
Bloom’s: Understand 53
Difficulty: High 27
Difficulty: Low 122
Difficulty: Medium 53
Learning Objective: Define adolescence and list the physiological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during this stage of
development. 31
Learning Objective: Discuss adult development and the dimensions of aging. 13
Learning Objective: Discuss cognitive development during the lifespan. 18
Learning Objective: Discuss important factors in successful adult psychological development. 16
Learning Objective: Discuss physical development during the lifespan. 12
Learning Objective: Discuss physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that occur during infancy and childhood. 72
Learning Objective: Discuss socioemotional development during the lifespan. 21
Learning Objective: Outline the stages of prenatal development. 39
Topic: Adolescence 7
Topic: Adulthood 7
Topic: Attachment 14
Topic: Brain Development 20
Topic: Child Development 6
Topic: Cognitive Development 14
Topic: Conservation 4
Topic: Death 3
Topic: Emerging Adulthood 2
Topic: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory 12
Topic: Gender Identity 5
Topic: Identity 7
Topic: Infancy 10
Topic: Intelligence 5
Topic: Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development 12
Topic: Life Themes 3
Topic: Nature and Nurture 6
Topic: Object Permanence 4
Topic: Physical Development 2Topic: Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory 34
Topic: Prenatal Development 27
Topic: Prenatal Environmental Influences 2
Topic: Puberty 13
Topic: Social Development 9
Topic: Temperament 4
Topic: Teratogens 1
Topic: Theory of Mind 3
Topic: Vision 3
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