Chapter 8 Evidence-Based Practice: Theory & Research

Chapter 8  Evidence-Based Practice: Theory & Research

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which commonly accepted practice came out of the Framingham study? Use of:
a)
Mammography in breast cancer screening
b)
Colonoscopy in colon cancer screening
c)
Pap testing in cervical cancer screening
d)
Digital rectal examination in prostate cancer screening

ANS: A
One commonly accepted practice that came out of the Framingham study is the link between mammography and breast cancer. Before the Framingham study, mammography was considered an unreliable tool in breast cancer screening.

Difficulty: Easy
Client Need: HPM
Cognitive Level: Knowledge

PTS: 1

2. Which theorist developed the nursing theory known as the Science of Human Caring?
a)
Florence Nightingale
b)
Patricia Benner
c)
Jean Watson
d)
Nola Pender

ANS: C
Dr. Jean Watson developed the nursing theory known as the Science of Human Caring. Her theory describes caring from a nursing perspective. Florence Nightingale developed the theory that stated that a clean environment would improve the health of patients. By changing the care environment, she dramatically reduced the death rate of soldiers. Dr. Patricia Benner’s theory described the progression of a beginning nurse who learns to be an expert nurse. Nola Pender’s theory on health promotion became the basis for most health promotion teaching done by nurses.

Difficulty: Easy
Cognitive Level: Knowledge

PTS: 1

3. A patient complains of pain after undergoing surgery. The nurse forms a mental image of pain based on her own experiences with pain. This mental image is known as a(n):
a)
Phenomenon
b)
Concept
c)
Assumption
d)
Definition

ANS: B
A concept is a mental image of a phenomenon, an aspect of reality that you can observe and experience. In the scenario above, the nurse forms a mental image of pain because of her past experiences with pain. Phenomena are the subject matter of a discipline. They mark the boundaries of a discipline. An assumption is an idea that is taken for granted. In a theory, the assumption is the idea that the researcher presumes to be true and does not intend to test with research. A definition is a statement of meaning of a term or concept that sets forth the concept’s characteristics or indicators.

Difficulty: Moderate
Cognitive Level: Application

PTS: 1

4. The nurse and other hospital personnel strive to keep the patient care area clean. This most directly illustrates the ideas of which nursing theorist?
a)
Virginia Henderson
b)
Imogene Rigdon
c)
Katherine Kolcaba
d)
Florence Nightingale

ANS: D
Florence Nightingale was instrumental in identifying the importance of a clean patient care environment. During the Crimean War, Nightingale dramatically reduced the death rate of soldiers by changing the healthcare environment. Virginia Henderson identified 14 basic needs that are addressed by nursing care. Imogene Rigdon developed a theory about bereavement in older women after noticing that older women handle grief differently than do men and younger women. Katherine Kolcaba developed a theory of holistic comfort in nursing.

Difficulty: Moderate
Client Need: SECE
Cognitive Level: Application

PTS: 1

5. A patient who emigrated from India is admitted to the medical step-down unit with a bowel obstruction. A nasogastric (NG) tube is inserted to decompress her stomach. She asks the nurse whether her daughter can bring in garlic to administer through her NG tube. The nurse tells the patient that she will ask the physician when she makes rounds. This nurse is using the theory developed by which nurse theorist?
a)
Betty Neuman
b)
Dorothea Orem
c)
Callista Roy
d)
Madeline Leininger

ANS: D
The nurse is using the theory developed by Madeline Leininger. Leininger’s theory focuses on the values of cultural diversity. According to her theory, the nurse must make cultural accommodations for the health benefit of the patient.

Difficulty: Moderate
Nursing Process: Interventions
Client Need: PSI
Cognitive Level: Application

PTS: 1