Chapter 7 Medical Surgical Nursing Preparation For Practice 2nd Edition

Chapter 7  Medical Surgical Nursing Preparation For Practice 2nd Edition

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

Question 1
Type: MCSA
A patient tells the nurse that she does not want to pass on a genetic disorder to any future children. What is the nurse’s most accurate response?
1. “A complete genetic study could help guide you in your decision making.”
2. “I suppose, then, that you are not going to have any children.”
3. “Adoption is always a possibility.”
4. “Just because the disease is genetic doesn’t mean your children will inherit it.”
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Findings from genetic research can be used by patients and family members to improve their own health and prevent illness.
Rationale 2: It is premature to suggest refraining from having children until a genetic study is completed.
Rationale 3: It is premature to suggest adoption until a genetic study is completed.
Rationale 4: This may be true, but it does not help to allay the patient’s concerns. Additional intervention is indicated.
Global Rationale:

Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Client Need Sub:
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation
Learning Outcome: 7-1

Question 2
Type: MCSA
A patient tells the nurse that she is genetically predisposed to type 2 diabetes. The patient is hypertensive and smokes a pack of cigarettes daily. What information should the nurse provide for this patient?
1. “Maintaining a healthy weight and activity level will help you avoid type 2 diabetes.”
2. “Unfortunately, you are probably predestined to develop type 2 diabetes.”
3. “You probably need to begin monitoring your blood glucose levels daily.”
4. “The risk of developing diabetes is several years away, and you have other health problems to consider now.”
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: The best way for this patient to avoid illness is to maintain a healthy weight and activity level.
Rationale 2: A genetic predisposition does not guarantee the disease will develop.
Rationale 3: Daily monitoring of blood glucose levels is not indicated for this patient.
Rationale 4: It is important to take action to prevent disease and not wait for the disease to manifest.
Global Rationale:

Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Client Need Sub:
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation
Learning Outcome: 7-1

Question 3
Type: MCSA
The nurse is conducting a class for expectant parents who need genetic counseling. Which statement by a parent would indicate the need for further education?
1. “The reason men and women are so different from one another is that none of their chromosomes are alike.”
2. “Half of the sets of chromosomes come from the mother and the other half come from the father.”
3. “The 23rd pair of chromosomes will determine if our child will be male or female.”
4. “One Y chromosome and one X chromosome will produce a male child.”
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: The first 22 pairs of chromosomes are alike in males and females.
Rationale 2: One copy, or half of the complete set of 46 chromosomes, is inherited from the mother, and the other copy is inherited from the father.
Rationale 3: The 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, determines an individual’s gender.
Rationale 4: A female has two copies of the X chromosome and a male has one X chromosome and a Y chromosome. These X and Y chromosomes are known as sex chromosomes.
Global Rationale:

Cognitive Level: Analyzing
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Client Need Sub:
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation
Learning Outcome: 7-2

Question 4
Type: MCSA
At the conclusion of genetic testing, a patient learns that he has a predisposition for developing cardiovascular disease at a young age. Which instruction should the nurse provide this patient?
1. “This information can help guide you to make lifestyle changes to reduce your chances of developing cardiovascular disease.”
2. “At least you know now that you will need cardiac bypass surgery.”
3. “As you are likely to develop the disease early in life, enjoy your life as much as possible now.”
4. “I would not place too much emphasis on these test results, as most of the time they are inconclusive.”
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: One benefit of genetic testing is that it can help patients reduce their chances of developing particular diseases through preventive measures and lifestyle adaptations.
Rationale 2: The nurse has no way of knowing if the patient will need cardiac bypass surgery.
Rationale 3: Having a predisposition does not guarantee the patient will develop the disease.
Rationale 4: The nurse should not minimize the importance of the genetic testing results.
Global Rationale:

Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Client Need Sub:
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation
Learning Outcome: 7-3

Question 5
Type: MCSA
A patient is concerned about transmitting genetic illnesses to any future children. What can the nurse do initially to help the patient determine which diseases might be transmitted?
1. Work with the patient to complete a pedigree.
2. Conduct a health promotion assessment.
3. Schedule a complete genetic analysis.
4. Refer the patient to a geneticist for diagnosis.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: A pedigree is a pictorial representation or diagram of the medical history of a family that typically includes three generations. The finished pedigree presents a family’s medical data and biologic relationships at a glance.
Rationale 2: A health promotion assessment will not provide information regarding the patient’s risk for passing on genetic illnesses to future children.
Rationale 3: There are steps the nurse should take before this analysis is scheduled.
Rationale 4: There are steps the nurse should complete before referring the patient to a geneticist.
Global Rationale:

Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Client Need Sub:
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment
Learning Outcome: 7-6