Chapter 45 Maternal and Child Health Nursing 7th Edition

Chapter 45  Maternal and Child Health Nursing 7th Edition

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

1.
The nurse is working with a school district to ensure students do not develop food-borne illnesses. Which intervention should the nurse emphasize that supports the 2020 National Health Goals regarding food preparation?
A)
Refrigerate foods promptly.
B)
Provide fresh fruits and vegetables.
C)
Ensure all students are appropriately immunized.
D)
Examine the number of students who contract food-borne illnesses.
Ans:
A

Feedback:

Unsafe food preparation is an area that could be reduced in incidence if people knew more about it and took active interventions to reduce its occurrence or spread. The 2020 National Health Goals addressing these include reducing infections caused by key pathogens transmitted commonly through food and increasing the proportion of consumers who follow key food safety practices of “Chill: refrigerate promptly.” Nurses can help the nation achieve the goal by counseling parents about safe food preparation and serving as consultants to those responsible for food preparation.

2.
The nurse is caring for an infant recovering from surgery for pyloric stenosis. Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse use to guide care during the immediate postoperative period?
A)
Anxiety related to new feeding method used postoperatively
B)
Ineffective tissue perfusion related to pressure on heart chambers
C)
Excess fluid volume related to increased fluid intake prescribed postoperatively
D)
Risk for infection of incision line, related to disruption of skin barrier during surgery
Ans:
D

Feedback:

Because the incision line for a pyloric stenosis repair is near the diaper area, the child is at risk for developing a surgical infection. The diagnosis risk for infection of incision line is the most appropriate during the immediate postoperative period. Anxiety might be appropriate after the immediate postoperative period has passed. There is no enough information to determine if the infant is being given excessive fluid or if the infant is experiencing ineffective tissue perfusion.

3.
The mother of a 3-month-old infant is distraught because the child vomits after every feeding. After an assessment, the nurse determines that the infant is experiencing regurgitation and not vomiting. What did the nurse assess in the infant? (Select all that apply.)
A)
Slight sour smell
B)
Occurs after a feeding
C)
Accompanied by prolonged crying
D)
Runs out of the mouth with no force
E)
Volume amount similar to entire stomach contents
Ans:
A, B, D

Feedback:

Evidence of regurgitation includes a slightly sour smell to the emesis, occurs after a feeding, and runs out of the mouth without any force. Evidence of vomiting would be infant distress by prolonged crying and a large volume similar to that of entire stomach contents.

4.
A preschool-age child has been experiencing severe vomiting for over 24 hours. The child’s respiratory rate is currently 10 breaths/min. On which health problem will the nurse focus when caring for this child?
A)
Overhydration
B)
Metabolic acidosis
C)
Metabolic alkalosis
D)
Hypertonic dehydration
Ans:
C

Feedback:

With vomiting, a great deal of hydrochloric acid is lost. When Cl– ions are lost this way, the body has to decrease the number of H+ ions present so the number of positive and negative charges remains balanced. This causes the child to develop alkalosis. The lungs attempt to conserve carbon dioxide and water by slowing respirations. Overhydration generally occurs in children who are receiving IV fluid, ingestion of large quantities of tap water, or through the use of tap water enemas. Metabolic acidosis is more closely associated with diarrhea. Hypertonic dehydration occurs when water is lost in a greater proportion than electrolytes. This might occur in a child with nausea, fever, and profuse diarrhea.

5.
A 1-month-old infant is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux. Which intervention should the nurse teach the mother to help with the symptoms of this disorder?
A)
Hold in a horizontal position while feeding.
B)
Place on the back immediately after feeding.
C)
Feed with formula thickened with rice cereal.
D)
Administer prescribed medications before each feeding.
Ans:
C

Feedback:

The traditional treatment of gastroesophageal reflux is to feed infants a formula thickened with rice cereal. The baby should be held in an upright position and then kept upright in an infant chair for 1 hour after feeding so gravity can help prevent reflux. Medication for gastroesophageal reflux is prescribed daily and not before each feeding.