Chapter 42 Immunodeficiency and HIV Infection/AIDS: Nursing Management

Chapter 42  Immunodeficiency and HIV Infection/AIDS: Nursing Management

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A pregnant client diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is asking about her baby’s risk of infection. Which of the following does put the newborn at risk?
1.
Bottle-feeding
2.
Changing diapers
3.
Kissing the baby
4.
Vaginal birth

ANS: 4
Breastfeeding and vaginal birth put the newborn at risk for HIV. HIV cannot be transmitted by changing diapers (feces) or kissing the baby (saliva).

PTS: 1 DIF: Apply
REF: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Etiology

2. A health care provider has accidentally been stuck with a used needle. The health care provider is going to be tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which of the following would be the testing schedule for the health care provider?
1.
Tested at 2 months, 4 months, and then at 6 months
2.
Tested immediately and then again at 2 months
3.
Tested immediately and then again at 6 months
4.
Tested in 6 months and then again in 1 year

ANS: 3
The health care provider should be tested immediately to show if any preexisting infection exists. Seroconversion usually occurs in 1 to 3 months but can take up to 6 months. Testing at 2 months is too late to discover a preexisting infection and can be too early to detect a new infection. Testing at 6 months or 1 year would not detect a preexisting infection.

PTS: 1 DIF: Apply
REF: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Etiology

3. Which of the following CD4+ count would be used to confirm the diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
1.
155 cells/mcL
2.
255 cells/mcL
3.
455 cells/mcL
4.
755 cells/mcL

ANS: 1
A CD4+ count of less than 200 cells/mcL is used as a criterion to establish the diagnosis of AIDS. In cell counts less than 500 to 600 cells/mcL, antiviral therapy should be initiated. Cell counts greater than 600 cells/mcL are in the normal range.

PTS: 1 DIF: Analyze
REF: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Pathophysiology

4. The nurse, planning care for a client diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus, realizes that the most common infection that occurs in clients with this health problem is:
1.
cytomegalovirus infection.
2.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
3.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
4.
Streptococcus pneumoniae.

ANS: 3
As the immune system becomes overpowered, opportunistic infections can occur. The most common infection is Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The other infections can also occur, but they occur less frequently.

PTS: 1 DIF: Analyze
REF: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Assessment with Clinical Manifestations