Chapter 3 Health & Physical Assessment In Nursing 3rd Edition

Chapter 3  Health & Physical Assessment In Nursing 3rd Edition

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

Question 1
Type: MCSA
The nurse held a smoking cessation class prior to the upcoming Great American Smokeout, hoping to motivate many individuals to stop smoking by promoting self-efficacy. Which statement made by a participant indicates the highest level of positive self-efficacy according to the Health Belief Model?
1. “I think this time will be different.”
2. “I am going to do the best that I can, so that I won’t get lung cancer.”
3. “I am afraid of getting lung cancer like my father.”
4. “I know that this time I will quit smoking permanently.”
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Stating that this attempt at quitting smoking will be different shows a low level of commitment to the action.
Rationale 2: Stating fear of getting lung cancer represents an internal cue to action, based on the Health Belief Model.
Rationale 3: Referring to a family member with the disease represents an internal cue to action, based on the Health Belief Model.
Rationale 4: Based on the Health Belief Model, self-efficacy refers to the level of confidence an individual has about the ability to perform the activity. The client’s statement, “I know that this time I will quit smoking permanently,” shows the highest-level determination and motivation.
Global Rationale: Based on the Health Belief Model, self-efficacy refers to the level of confidence an individual has about the ability to perform the activity. The client’s statement that he/she intends to make a permanent change shows the highest-level determination and motivation. Stating that this attempt at quitting smoking will be different shows a low level of commitment to the action. Stating fear of getting lung cancer and referring to a family member with the disease represents internal cues to action, based on the Health Belief Model.
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Client Need Sub:
QSEN Competencies: III.B.3. Base individualized care plan on patient values, clinical expertise, and evidence.
AACN Essentials Competencies: I.1. Integrate theories and concepts from liberal education into nursing practice.
NLN Competencies: Context and Environment: Health promotion/disease prevention.
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation
Learning Outcome: 3.3: Relate perspectives of health promotion to the individual, family, and community.
MNL Learning Outcome:
Page Number: p. 49

Question 2
Type: MCSA
A couple seeks genetic counseling as both have a positive family history of sickle cell anemia, and are concerned about the potential of having a child with this disease. Which statement indicates that the couple wishes to participate in primary prevention?
1. “We need to both be treated for sickle cell anemia before we can have a baby.”
2. “We will have blood tests to determine if we are carriers.”
3. “We need to see a genetics counselor to discuss the potential for having a child with sickle cell disease.”
4. “Neither one of us has sickle cell disease, so any baby we have will be safe from the disease as well.”
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Indicating a need for treatment would be considered secondary or tertiary prevention.
Rationale 2: Both individuals being tested for carrier status would be considered secondary prevention, as it deals with early diagnosis of health problems.
Rationale 3: Primary prevention implies health and a high level of wellness for the individual. Seeking out a genetics counselor to discuss the potential for having a child with sickle cell disease is considered primary prevention.
Rationale 4: Stating that neither has the disease, thus a child would not inherit the disease, indicates no level of prevention.
Global Rationale: Primary prevention implies health and a high level of wellness for the individual. Seeking out a genetics counselor is considered primary prevention. Indicating a need for treatment would be considered secondary or tertiary prevention. Both individuals being tested for carrier status would be considered secondary prevention, as it deals with early diagnosis of health problems. Stating that neither has the disease, thus a child would not inherit the disease, indicates no level of prevention.
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Client Need Sub:
QSEN Competencies: III.A.1. Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes.
AACN Essentials Competencies: I.1. Integrate theories and concepts from liberal education into nursing practice.
NLN Competencies: Context and Environment: Health promotion/disease prevention.
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation
Learning Outcome: 3.2: Compare and contrast selected theories of wellness.
MNL Learning Outcome:
Page Number: p. 48

Question 3
Type: MCSA
The nurse is interviewing a client who has experienced a 15-pound weight gain during the last year. The nurse obtains a 24-hour dietary recall, as well as determining the client’s exercise habits and feelings regarding plans to take off the excess weight. Which type of approach is the nurse using to enhance the client’s health?
1. Psychosocial perspective.
2. Illness perspective.
3. Physiologic perspective.
4. Wellness perspective.
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: A psychosocial perspective would not take into account the physiologic alteration necessary for a successful weight loss program.
Rationale 2: An illness perspective does not include the positive attributes, such as motivation, that the client possesses to address the 15-pound weight gain during the past year; rather, it focuses on the illnesses, such as hypertension, that can result from the weight gain.
Rationale 3: A physiologic perspective could also be considered an illness perspective.
Rationale 4: When using a wellness perspective, the nurse focuses on the client’s personal strengths and abilities to enhance health.
Global Rationale: When using a wellness perspective, the nurse focuses on the client’s personal strengths and abilities to enhance health. An illness perspective does not include the positive attributes that the client possesses to address the problem. A physiologic perspective could also be considered an illness perspective. A psychosocial perspective would not take into account the physiologic alteration necessary for a successful weight loss program.
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Client Need Sub:
QSEN Competencies: III.A.1. Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes.
AACN Essentials Competencies: I.1. Integrate theories and concepts from liberal education into nursing practice.
NLN Competencies: Context and Environment: Health promotion/disease prevention.
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment
Learning Outcome: 3.2: Compare and contrast selected theories of wellness.
MNL Learning Outcome:
Page Number: pp. 48–49

Question 4
Type: MCSA
The nurse is discharging a client who was hospitalized for a cerebral vascular accident (CVA). The client will be cared for at home by family members. Which statement made by the family indicates understanding of the client’s primary prevention needs after discharge?
1. “She will need instruction on using her walker.”
2. “She will need to have her flu shot this year.”
3. “She must take her blood pressure medications regularly.”
4. “She needs to have her cholesterol checked every 2 months.”
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: Tertiary prevention involves strategies for rehabilitation; instructing the client on proper use of a walker is an example of tertiary prevention.
Rationale 2: Having a flu shot is a primary prevention strategy.
Rationale 3: Taking blood pressure medication is secondary prevention since the treatment is aimed at maintaining normal blood pressure and preventing complications from the condition.
Rationale 4: Having a cholesterol screening is an example of secondary prevention.
Global Rationale: Having a flu shot is a primary prevention strategy. Taking blood pressure medication is secondary prevention since the treatment is aimed at maintaining normal blood pressure and preventing complications from the condition. Having a cholesterol screening is also an example of secondary prevention. Tertiary prevention involves strategies for rehabilitation, such as using a walker to aid ambulation.
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Physiological Integrity
Client Need Sub: Reduction of Risk Potential
QSEN Competencies: III.A.1. Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes.
AACN Essentials Competencies: I.1. Integrate theories and concepts from liberal education into nursing practice.
NLN Competencies: Context and Environment: Health promotion/disease prevention.
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment
Learning Outcome: 3.2: Compare and contrast selected theories of wellness.
MNL Learning Outcome:
Page Number: pp. 48–49