Chapter 3 Health, Illness, and Disparities

Chapter 3  Health, Illness, and Disparities

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

1.
The nurse is preparing a care plan for an African American man age 68 years who was recently diagnosed with hypertension. Age, race, gender, and genetic inheritance are examples of what human dimension?
A)
Physical
B)
Emotional
C)
Environmental
D)
Sociocultural
Ans:
A

Feedback:

The physical dimension includes genetic inheritance, age, developmental level, race, and gender. These components strongly influence a person’s health status and health practices. The emotional dimension focuses on how the mind affects body function and responds to body conditions. The environmental dimension includes influences such as housing, sanitation, climate, and pollution of food, air, and water. Sociocultural dimensions are health practices and beliefs strongly influenced by economic status, lifestyle, family, and culture.

2.
The mother of a toddler with asthma seeks support from the parents of other children with asthma. The nurse recognizes that seeking and utilizing support systems is an example of which human dimension?
A)
Sociocultural dimension
B)
Physical dimension
C)
Environmental dimension
D)
Intellectual and spiritual dimension
Ans:
A

Feedback:

Communicating with others and the use of support systems relate to the sociocultural dimension. An individual’s relationship with others, being connected to a community, and feeling accepted and loved by others are also related to the sociocultural dimension.

3.
A nurse educator uses models of health and illness when teaching. Which model of health and illness places high-level health and death on opposite ends of a graduated scale?
A)
Health-Illness Continuum
B)
Agent-Host-Environment Model
C)
Health Belief Model
D)
Health Promotion Model
Ans:
A

Feedback:

The Health-Illness Continuum views health as a constantly changing state, with high-level wellness and death being on opposite ends of a graduated scale. The Agent-Host-Environment Model is useful in examining the causes of disease in an individual. The Health Belief Model describes health behaviors. The Health Promotion Model incorporates individual characteristics and experiences, as well as behavior-specific knowledge and beliefs, to motivate healthy behavior.

4.
A homeless client has been brought to the emergency department (ED) by ambulance after being found unresponsive outside a mall. The client is known to the ED staff as having bipolar disorder, and assessment reveals likely cellulitis on his left ankle. He is febrile with a productive cough, and the care team suspects pneumonia. A sputum culture for tuberculosis has been obtained and sent to the laboratory. Which of the following aspects of the client’s medical condition would be considered a chronic condition?
A)
Bipolar disorder
B)
Pneumonia
C)
Cellulitis
D)
Tuberculosis
Ans:
A

Feedback:

Bipolar disorder is a long-standing diagnosis that requires the lifelong education and treatment associated with chronic conditions. Pneumonia, tuberculosis, and cellulitis are all acute, infectious diseases that may be treated with antibiotic regimens of varying length.

5.
Which of the following activities related to respiratory health is an example of tertiary health promotion and illness prevention?
A)
Administering a nebulized bronchodilator to a client who is short of breath
B)
Assisting with lung function testing of a client to help determine a diagnosis
C)
Teaching a client that “light” cigarettes do not prevent lung disease
D)
Advocating politically for more explicit warning labels on cigarette packages
Ans:
A

Feedback:

The use of medications is characteristic of tertiary health promotion and illness prevention. Testing and screening are examples of secondary health promotion and illness prevention, while client education and political advocacy are associated with primary prevention.