Chapter 25 Pleural Diseases

Chapter 25 Pleural Diseases

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. How much pleural fluid does a normal healthy adult have in each hemithorax?
a.
5 mL
b.
8 mL
c.
12 mL
d.
16 mL

ANS: B
The average person has approximately 8 mL of pleural fluid per hemithorax.
DIFF: Recall

DIF: Recall REF: p. 563 OBJ: 1

2. Which of the following statements about pleural fluid is FALSE?
a.
Fluid can move easily between each hemithorax.
b.
Normal protein concentration is between 1.3 and 1.4 g/dL.
c.
The total volume is approximately 16 mL.
d.
Total protein concentration is similar to that of interstitial fluid elsewhere in the body.

ANS: A
The average person has approximately 8 mL of pleural fluid per hemithorax. It is estimated that this pleural fluid has a total protein concentration similar to that of interstitial fluid elsewhere in the body: between 1.3 and 1.4 g/dL. In human beings, the pleural spaces surrounding each lung are completely independent, being separated by the mediastinum.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 563 OBJ: 1

3. At what point is intrapleural pressure most negative?
a.
end exhalation
b.
FRC
c.
inspiration
d.
maximal expiration

ANS: C
The pleural space is under negative pressure except during forced expiration. The intact thoracic rib cage provides elastic recoil pressure outward, whereas the intrinsic recoil pressure of the lung is inward toward the lung hilum. The diaphragm further decreases the intrapleural pressure below the atmospheric pressure to allow inspiration to occur.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 563 OBJ: 1

4. Pleural fluid with a total protein concentration of less than 50% of the serum total protein level is one of the indications of transudative pleural effusion.
a.
True
b.
False

ANS: A
A pleural fluid total protein concentration less than 50% of the serum total protein level and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) values in the pleural fluid less than 60% of the serum value indicate the presence of a transudative pleural effusion.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 564 OBJ: 2

5. What is the most common cause of pleural effusion in the clinical setting?
a.
acute renal failure
b.
congestive heart failure
c.
liver disease
d.
lung cancer

ANS: B
Congestive heart failure is the most common cause of clinical pleural effusions.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 565 OBJ: 2