Chapter 24 Interstitial Lung Disease

Chapter 24  Interstitial Lung Disease

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which group of disorders is categorized together because of similarities in their clinical presentations, plain chest radiographic appearance, and physiologic features?
a.
congestive heart failure
b.
infant respiratory distress syndrome
c.
interstitial lung diseases
d.
sudden acute respiratory syndrome

ANS: C
The term interstitial lung disease (ILD) refers to a broad category of lung diseases rather than to a specific disease entity. It includes a variety of illnesses with diverse causes, treatments, and prognoses. These disorders are grouped together because of similarities in their clinical presentations, plain chest radiographic appearance, and physiologic features.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 547 OBJ: 1

2. Which of the following interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) is NOT occupationally related?
a.
asbestosis
b.
berylliosis
c.
sarcoidosis
d.
silicosis

ANS: C
Sarcoidosis is not an occupationally related ILD (see Figure 24-1).

DIF: Recall REF: p. 554 OBJ: 1

3. What is the primary pathologic change that occurs in interstitial lung disease?
a.
alveolar-capillary membrane structures replaced by fibrotic tissue
b.
bronchial submucosal gland hypertrophy
c.
bronchoconstriction of medium to small airways
d.
increased sputum production

ANS: A
The lung must respond to the damage and repair itself. If the exposure to the causative agent persists or if the repair process is imperfect, the lung may be permanently damaged with increased interstitial tissue replacing the normal capillaries, alveoli, and healthy interstitium.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 548 OBJ: 2

4. In interstitial lung disease, which of the following mechanisms does NOT contribute to impaired gas exchange?
a.
depression of respiratory drive
b.
diffusion defect
c.
shunt
d.
ventilation/perfusion mismatch

ANS: A
Gas exchange is impaired owing to mismatching, shunt, and decreased diffusion across the abnormal interstitium.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 551 OBJ: 1

5. What symptoms are most common in the patient with interstitial lung disease?
a.
exertional dyspnea and nonproductive cough
b.
exertional dyspnea and wheezing
c.
nonproductive cough and wheezing
d.
productive cough and increased sputum production

ANS: A
Exertional breathlessness (dyspnea) and a nonproductive cough are the most common reasons patients seek medical attention.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 554 OBJ: 2