Chapter 26 Pulmonary Vascular Disease

Chapter 26  Pulmonary Vascular Disease

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Venous thromboembolism is a major national health issue in the United States.
a.
True
b.
False

ANS: A
Venous thromboembolism is a major national health problem

DIF: Recall REF: p. 581 OBJ: 1

2. Approximately what percentage of patients who die from pulmonary embolism are NOT suspected before death?
a.
5%
b.
20%
c.
40%
d.
70%

ANS: D
More than 70% of patients who die of pulmonary embolism are not suspected before death.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 581 OBJ: 1

3. Which of the following risk factors is NOT associated with an increase in the incidence of pulmonary embolism?
a.
advanced age
b.
immobilization
c.
multiple injuries from trauma
d.
positive smoking history

ANS: D
Several conditions enhance the intravascular coagulability of the blood and predispose to venous thromboembolic disease (Box 26-1). The most frequent causes of an inherited hypercoagulable state are the factor V Leiden mutation and the prothrombin gene mutation, which together account for 50-60% of cases. The major acquired risk factors for VTE include recent major surgery, trauma, immobilization, antiphospoholipid antibody syndrome, malignancy, pregnancy, oral contraceptives, and myeloproliferative disorders.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 582 OBJ: 1

4. Where do most pulmonary emboli originate?
a.
deep veins of the arms
b.
deep veins of the legs
c.
thrombi from the right side of the heart
d.
veins of the thorax

ANS: B
Pulmonary emboli arise from detached portions of venous thrombi that form, in most cases, in deep veins of the lower extremities or pelvis (86%).

DIF: Recall REF: p. 581 OBJ: 2

5. Which of the following conditions predispose a patient to venous thromboembolic disease?
1. carcinoma
2. COPD
3. trauma
4. thrombocytosis
a.
1, 2, and 3
b.
1 and 4
c.
2
d.
1, 3, and 4

ANS: D
Several conditions enhance the intravascular coagulability of the blood and predispose to venous thromboembolic disease (Box 26-1). The most frequent causes of an inherited hypercoagulable state are the factor V Leiden mutation and the prothrombin gene mutation, which together account for 50-60% of cases. The major acquired risk factors for VTE include recent major surgery, trauma, immobilization, antiphospoholipid antibody syndrome, malignancy, pregnancy, oral contraceptives, and myeloproliferative disorders. Vessel wall abnormalities are found most often in patients who have sustained trauma or have undergone major surgery.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 581 OBJ: 2