Chapter 20 Caring for the Developing Child

Chapter 20  Caring for the Developing Child

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The pediatric nurse explains to a new mother that two factors, “nature” and “nurture,” may influence the formation of her child’s essence. Which factor among the following would be considered “nature”?
A.
Cultural aspects
B.
Parenting skills
C.
The era in which the child develops
D.
Traits inherent in the infant

ANS: D
Nature describes the traits inherent in the infant—biologically imposed idiosyncratic factors that create what and how each person “is.” Nurture, on the other hand, refers to the influence of external events like parenting received, culture, or the “times” in which a child lives.

Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering
Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity
Patient Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Difficulty: Easy

PTS: 1

2. The pediatric nurse teaches the parents of a 3-month-old baby the principles of growth and development that will occur in their child’s lifetime. Which statement accurately describes one of these principles?
A.
Each child progresses through predictable stages within a predictable timeframe.
B.
Growth and development begin in infancy and continue until the adult years.
C.
Growth refers to the ongoing process of adapting throughout the life span.
D.
Within each child, body systems develop at the same rate.

ANS: A
Growth refers to the continuous adjustment in the size of the child internally and externally. Development, on the other hand, refers to the ongoing process of adapting throughout the life span. Growth and development are continuous processes from conception to death. Although development advances in an orderly sequence, each child progresses through the predictable stages within a predictable timeframe. The established guidelines are only guidelines that have been developed through observation over time, and within each individual body systems develop at differing rates.

Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering
Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity
Patient Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Difficulty: Easy

PTS: 1

3. A pediatric nurse works with the family of twins at designated stages in their lives to help the parents anticipate and move through the periods of disequilibrium. What is the model of child development that focuses on disruptive periods of development?
A.
Bowlby’s attachment theory of development
B.
Brazelton’s touchpoints model of development
C.
Erikson’s stages of development
D.
Freud’s stages of psychosexual development

ANS: B
Brazelton described touchpoints as “periods during the first 3 years of life during which children’s spurts in development resulted in pronounced disruption in the family system.” The touchpoints perspective assumes, among other things, that parents know their children better than they know anyone else, and with that in mind, the nurse works with the family at the various touchpoints to help them anticipate and move through the periods of disequilibrium. Bowlby focuses on the impact of separation from mothers seen in infants. Erickson’s theory focuses on the influence of social interaction on development. Freud’s theory regards the impact of psychosexual instincts as most important in development.

Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering
Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity
Patient Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Difficulty: Moderate

PTS: 1

4. During a well-child visit, the pediatric nurse assesses a 2-year-old child for language development. Which developmental domain is the nurse assessing?
A.
Cognitive
B.
Family development
C.
Moral/spiritual
D.
Psychosocial

ANS: A
Developmental domain refers to a way of understanding the total child in relation to the mind, body, and spirit. These domains include: physical, psychosocial (emotional, psychological, and social), cognitive (including language and intelligence), moral/spiritual, and family development.

Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering
Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity
Patient Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
Difficulty: Moderate

PTS: 1

5. A mother takes her 10-year-old son to the pediatrician for a sprained wrist. During the medical history, the pediatric nurse listens to the mother describe her son as “busy playing basketball all day long with the other boys in the neighborhood.” Based on the nurse’s assessment, which stage of Freud’s psychosocial development is this child experiencing?
A.
Anal stage
B.
Genital stage
C.
Latency stage
D.
Phallic stage

ANS: C
In the latency stage (6 to 12 years) Freud believed that the child “takes a break” psychosexually. This allows the child to focus more intently on other aspects of growth and learning, such as spending time with same-gender friends or excelling in sports or video games. At this age, the child presumably has little interest in issues of sexuality. The oral stage occurs from birth to 1 year, and the infant is fascinated with oral curiosity. The genital stage occurs between 12 and 18, and sexuality and relationships are the focus. The phallic stage occurs from 3 to 6 years, during which sexual differences are discovered.

Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering
Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity
Patient Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
Difficulty: Easy

PTS: 1