Chapter 18 Bone and Joint Problems

Chapter 18  Bone and Joint Problems

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following is a true statement about osteoporosis (OA)?
a.
OA is indicative of an underlying health problem.
b.
The most common site for OA fractures is in long bones.
c.
African-American women have the highest risk for OA.
d.
A high risk of death follows an OA-related fracture.

ANS: D
One-third of all persons who have an OA-related fracture die within 1 year. OA can be a natural-occurring consequence of aging. The vertebrae, pelvis, and wrist are the most frequent sites for OA fractures. The risk of OA is much lower for African-American women than it is for those of other races. Thin women of northern European descent are at the highest risk.

PTS: 1 DIF: Remember REF: 3-7
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Physiological Integrity

2. Which is a healthy practice recommended for a person at risk for OA?
a.
Milk and orange juice at breakfast; cheese pizza at lunch; spaghetti served with spinach covered with melted cheese for dinner; and ice cream for dessert
b.
Long-term estrogen administration as adjunct therapy
c.
Alendronate (Fosamax) taken with a snack just before bedtime
d.
Coffee, raisin bran and milk, and sausage at breakfast; a can of cola and a hot dog on a high-fiber bun at lunch; cocktails before dinner; steak with brown rice, celery, and red wine for dinner

ANS: A
These foods in these quantities supply 1204 mg of calcium. Administering estrogen can increase the risk of cancer and heart disease. Alendronate (Fosamax) must be taken with a full glass of water on an empty stomach after awakening. Afterward, the patient must sit upright and refrain from eating or drinking for 30 minutes. Alcohol and high amounts of protein and salt inhibit calcium uptake, whereas caffeine, excess fiber, and phosphorus (in the cola) promote calcium excretion.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understand REF: 4-7| 24
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Physiological Integrity

3. Which of the following is a true statement about joints in older adults?
a.
OA is an inflammatory joint disorder.
b.
Surgical joint replacement can cure OA.
c.
Joint damage in OA is reversed with medication.
d.
Very old patients should avoid joint replacement surgery.

ANS: B
Surgical joint replacement can cure OA and is the only cure for the disease. OA is a degenerative joint disease, whereas rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory process. Medications are used to control the pain of OA. The joint damage cannot be reversed except through joint replacement surgery. Surgical joint replacements are recommended even for those who are very old.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understand REF: 3-7
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Physiological Integrity

4. Which of the following statements is true about RA?
a.
Strikes unilaterally.
b.
Affects more men than women.
c.
Can affect body systems other than the joints.
d.
Glucosamine can be helpful for patients in the first 2 years of RA.

ANS: C
RA can affect body systems other than joints; this statement is true. Women are affected more often than men. RA strikes the same parts of the body on both sides and affects joints in a symmetrical pattern. Patients with RA can have remissions and exacerbations. Unlike OA, however, RA has a highly variable course, which may include remissions, as well as exacerbations. RA can affect body systems other than joints and can cause general fatigue and malaise and attack systems other than joints. Glucosamine can be helpful for patients in the first 2 years of RA. Conventional therapy for RA includes a complex regimen of medications. Glucosamine has not been proven to offer significant relief from RA.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understand REF: 10-11
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Physiological Integrity