The Physical Universe 17Th edition By Konrad Krauskopf – Test Bank

Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Posted Below

 

Chapter 05 – Matter and Heat

Chapter 05

Matter and Heat

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following formulas relating temperatures on the Celsius and

Fahrenheit scales

is correct?

A. Tc = (5/9)(TF – 32°)

B. Tc = (5/9)(TF + 32°)

C. Tc = (9/5)(TF – 32°)

D. Tc = (9/5)(TF + 32°)

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Section: 05.01

Topic: Temperature

2. A thermometer calibrated in the Celsius scale and a thermometer calibrated in

the

Fahrenheit scale are used to measure the same temperature. The numerical reading on

the

Fahrenheit thermometer

A. is proportional to that on the Celsius thermometer.

B. is smaller than that on the Celsius thermometer.

C. is larger than that on the Celsius thermometer.

D. may be smaller or larger than that on the Celsius thermometer.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply

Section: 05.01

Topic: Temperature

5-1

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distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

3. When heat is added to a body of matter, the resulting temperature increase does

not depend

upon

A. its mass.

B. its shape.

C. what kind of material it consists of.

D. whether it is in the solid, liquid, or gaseous state.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.02

Topic: Heat

4. Of the substances below, the one with the highest specific heat is

A. water.

B. ice.

C. concrete.

D. gold.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Section: 05.02

Topic: Heat

5. Of these substances, the one with the lowest specific heat is

A. water.

B. ice.

C. concrete.

D. gold.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Section: 05.02

Topic: Heat

5-2

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instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in

any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

6. A typical metabolic rate while walking is

A. 10 W.

B. 50 W.

C. 300 W.

D. 1.2 kW.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Section: 05.03

Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism

7. Which of the following quantities is independent of the size and shape of an

object

composed of a given material?

A. volume

B. mass

C. weight

D. density

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.04

Topic: Fluids

8. The properties of several different materials are being compared. If the samples

all have the

A. density.

B. buoyancy.

C. pressure.

D. temperature.

same volume, the one with the greatest mass also has the greatest

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.04

Topic: Fluids

5-3

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distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

9. A barometer measures

A. atmospheric density.

B. atmospheric pressure.

C. water density.

D. water pressure.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Figure: 05.17

Section: 05.05

Topic: Atmosphere

10. The average pressure of the atmosphere at sea level corresponds to which one or

more of

the following?

A. 101 Pa

B. 101 kPa

C. 98 kPa

D. 15 lb/in2

E. Both B and D

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Section: 05.05

Topic: Atmosphere

11. The pressure at the bottom of a barrel filled with liquid does not depend on

the

A. acceleration of gravity.

B. liquid density.

C. height of the liquid.

D. area of the liquid surface.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.05

Topic: Fluids

5-4

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distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

12. The pressure on the bottom of an object inside a liquid is

A. less than the pressure on its top.

B. equal to the pressure on its top.

C. more than the pressure on its top.

D. Any of these choices, depending on the nature of the liquid.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Figure: 05.19

Section: 05.06

Topic: Fluids

13. A cake of soap is placed in a bathtub sink. The buoyant force on the soap is

A. 0.

B. less than its weight.

C. equal to its weight.

D. more than its weight.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.06

Topic: Fluids

14. Ice floats in water because

A. its density is less than that of water.

B. its specific heat is less than that of water.

C. it is a solid whereas water is a liquid.

D. it is colder than water.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.06

Topic: Fluids

5-5

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distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

15. In order for an object to sink when placed in water, the object’s average

density must be

A. less than that of water.

B. equal to that of water.

C. more than that of water.

D. Any of these choices are correct, depending on the object’s shape.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.06

Topic: Fluids

16. A Celsius thermometer and an absolute thermometer are used to measure the

temperature

of the same gas sample. The readings on the thermometers are respectively TC and

TK. Which

of these statements is correct?

A. TC is smaller than TK.

B. TC is larger than TK.

C. TC is equal to TK.

D. Any of these choices could be correct, depending on the gas temperature.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.09

Topic: Kinetic Molecular Theory

Topic: Temperature

5-6

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

17. Which of the following formulas expresses the relationship between the pressure

and

A.

B.

C.

D.

absolute temperature of a gas sample whose volume is fixed?

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Section: 05.07

Topic: Ideal gases

18. Of the following, a molecule is best described as

A. any very tiny particle.

B. the smallest particle found in nature.

C. the smallest particle of a substance that is representative of the substance.

D. the ultimate particle of which all matter is composed.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.08

Topic: Kinetic Molecular Theory

19. Molecules are, in general, farthest apart from one another in

A. gases.

B. liquids.

C. crystalline solids.

D. amorphous solids.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Figure: 05.33

Section: 05.10

Topic: Kinetic Molecular Theory

5-7

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

5-8

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instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in

any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

20. Which of the following is not true of molecular motion in a gas?

A. There is no order in the motion.

B. There is no uniformity of speed or direction.

C. There is a definite average speed at a given temperature.

D. There is a definite average direction of motion at a given temperature.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.08

Section: 05.09

Topic: Kinetic Molecular Theory

21. A sample of a gas is expanded to twice its original volume while its

temperature is held

constant. Relative to their original average energy, the new average energy of the

molecules

is

A. half as great.

B. the same.

C. twice as great.

D. four times as great.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.09

Topic: Kinetic Molecular Theory

22. When a gas is forced into a smaller volume without a change in temperature, its

pressure

increases because its molecules

A. strike the container walls more often.

B. strike the container walls at higher speeds.

C. strike the container walls with greater force.

D. have more energy.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Figure: 05.30

Section: 05.08

Topic: Kinetic Molecular Theory

5-9

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instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in

any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

23. The temperature of a gas sample in a rigid container is reduced. The pressure

the gas

exerts on the container walls decreases because

A. its molecules are in contact with the walls for briefer intervals.

B. its molecular masses decrease.

C. its molecules have lower average speeds and so strike the walls less often with

less

momentum.

D. its molecules lose less energy each time they strike the walls.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply

Section: 05.09

Topic: Kinetic Molecular Theory

24. Suppose there were molecules that had no attraction whatsoever for one another.

A

collection of such molecules would form a

A. gas.

B. liquid.

C. amorphous solid.

D. crystalline solid.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply

Section: 05.10

Topic: Kinetic Molecular Theory

25. Molecular motion in a gas is the minimum possible at

A. 0°F.

B. 0°C.

C. 0 K.

D. -273 K.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Figure: 05.29

Section: 05.09

Topic: Kinetic Molecular Theory

5-10

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

26. Heat transfer by conduction occurs

A. only in liquids.

B. only in solids.

C. only in liquids and solids.

D. in liquids, solids, and gases.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Figure: 05.32

Section: 05.10

Topic: Heat

27. Heat transfer by convection occurs

A. only in liquids.

B. only in gases.

C. only in liquids and gases.

D. in liquids, gases, and solids.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Figure: 05.32

Section: 05.10

Topic: Heat

28. Heat transfer in a vacuum

A. can take place only by radiation.

B. can take place only by radiation and convection.

C. can take place by radiation, convection, and conduction.

D. cannot take place.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Figure: 05.32

Section: 05.10

Topic: Heat

5-11

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

29. Radiation is emitted

A. only by liquids.

B. only by solids.

C. only by liquids and solids.

D. by liquids, solids, and gases.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Figure: 05.32

Section: 05.10

Topic: Heat

Topic: Light

30. When a liquid becomes a vapor,

A. its temperature must decrease.

B. its temperature must increase.

C. it must absorb heat.

D. it must give off heat.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply

Section: 05.11

Topic: Heat

31. The freezing point of a substance is always lower than its

A. melting point.

B. boiling point.

C. heat of fusion.

D. heat of vaporization.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Figure: 05.42

Section: 05.12

Section: 05.13

Topic: Heat

5-12

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instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in

any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

32. When a liquid freezes to become a solid,

A. its temperature rises.

B. its temperature falls.

C. it absorbs heat.

D. it gives off heat.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.13

Topic: Heat

33. Sublimation refers to

A. the vaporization of a solid without first becoming a liquid.

B. the melting of a solid.

C. the vaporization of a liquid.

D. the condensation of a gas into a liquid.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Figure: 05.44

Section: 05.12

Topic: Heat

34. Steam at 100°C is more dangerous than the same mass of water at 100°C because

the

steam

A. is less dense.

B. moves faster.

C. has a higher specific heat.

D. releases a great deal of heat when it condenses.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.12

Topic: Heat

5-13

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

35. The melting point of water is 0°C. Its freezing point is

A. slightly less than 0°C.

B. 0°C.

C. slightly more than 0°C.

D. 32°C.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.13

Topic: Heat

36. The first law of thermodynamics is the same as the

A. second law of thermodynamics.

B. law of conservation of energy.

C. law of conservation of momentum.

D. first law of motion.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.15

Topic: Thermodynamics

37. In order to operate, a heat engine must have

A. either a hot or a cold reservoir.

B. both a hot and a cold reservoir.

C. a boiler.

D. a supply of fuel that can be burned, such as coal or oil.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Figure: 05.46

Section: 05.14

Topic: Thermodynamics

5-14

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instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in

any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

38. The work output of every heat engine

A. equals its heat intake.

B. equals the difference between its heat intake and heat exhaust.

C. depends only on its intake temperature.

D. depends only on its exhaust temperature.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.13

Section: 05.14

Topic: Thermodynamics

39. The maximum possible efficiency of a heat engine

A. is 100%.

B. depends on the intake temperature.

C. depends on the difference between the exhaust and intake temperatures.

D. depends on the ratio between the exhaust and intake temperatures.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.14

Topic: Thermodynamics

40. The physics of a heat engine cannot be used to understand the operation of a

A. nuclear reactor.

B. heat pump.

C. refrigerator.

D. diesel engine.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Figure: 05.46

Section: 05.13

Topic: Thermodynamics

5-15

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instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in

any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

41. A refrigerator

A. produces cold.

B. changes heat to cold.

C. causes heat to disappear.

D. removes heat from a region and carries it elsewhere.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.13

Topic: Heat

42. The heat a refrigerator absorbs from its contents is

A. less than it gives off.

B. the same amount it gives off.

C. more than it gives off.

D. Any of these choices, depending on its design.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.13

Topic: Thermodynamics

43. The entropy of a system is a measure of its

A. temperature.

B. heat content.

C. density.

D. disorder.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.16

Topic: Thermodynamics

5-16

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instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in

any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

44. In an isolated system, entropy

A. cannot decrease.

B. must remain constant.

C. cannot increase.

D. may increase, decrease, or remain constant.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Section: 05.16

Topic: Thermodynamics

45. The “heat death” of the universe refers to a possible (although improbable)

future in

which all of its molecules are

A. at rest.

B. as close together as possible

C. moving in the same direction

D. moving with the same average speed

46. A temperature of 20°C is the same as

A. -20.9°F.

B. -6.4°F.

C. 68°F.

D. 94°F.

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.01

Topic: Temperature

47. Ethanol boils at 172°F. The Celsius equivalent of this temperature is

A. 64°C.

B. 78°C.

C. 140°C.

D. 278°C.

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.01

Topic: Temperature

5-17

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

48. At which of the following Celsius temperatures will a Fahrenheit thermometer

show the

same reading in degrees?

A. -40°C

B. 0°C

C. 32°C

D. 40°C

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.01

Topic: Temperature

49. The specific heat of water is 4.2 kJ/kg°C. The heat needed to warm 8 kg of

water from

20°C to 70°C is

A. 400 kJ.

B. 420 kJ.

C. 1680 kJ.

D. 2016 kJ.

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.02

Topic: Heat

50. The specific heat of ice is 2.1 kJ/kg°C. When 50 kJ of heat is removed from 2

kg of ice

A. -6°C.

B. -11°C.

C. -12°C.

D. -17°C.

initially at -5°C, the final temperature of the ice is

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.02

Topic: Heat

5-18

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

51. When 90 kJ is removed from a 2-kg copper bar, its temperature drops from 200°C

to 85°C.

The specific heat of copper is

A. 0.16 kJ/kg°C.

B. 0.19 kJ/kg°C.

C. 0.23 kJ/kg°C.

D. 0.39 kJ/kg°C.

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.02

Topic: Heat

52. The specific heat of water is 4.2 kJ/kg°C. How long will it take for a 2-kW

heating

A. 6.3 min

B. 15 min

C. 63 min

D. 84 min

element to raise the temperature of 30 kg of water from 20°C to 80°C?

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.02

Topic: Heat

53. The density of brass is 8 ´ 103 kg/m3. The volume occupied by 320 g of brass is

A. 0.038 cm3.

B. 3.2 cm3.

C. 38 cm3.

D. 380 cm3.

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.04

Topic: Fluids

5-19

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

54. The density of air is 1.3 kg/m3. The air in a room 5 m long, 4 m wide, and 2.5

m high has

a mass of

A. 0.26 kg.

B. 6.5 kg.

C. 38 kg.

D. 65 kg.

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.04

Topic: Fluids

55. A 400-kg concrete block is 1 m long, 0.6 m wide, and 0.3 m high. Its density is

A. 72 kg/m.

B. 222 kg/m.

C. 667 kg/m.

D. 2222 kg/m.

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.04

Topic: Fluids

56. A 400-kg concrete block is 1 m long, 0.6 m wide, and 0.3 m high. It can exert

three

The highest

pressure is

A. 0.7 kPa.

B. 2.2 kPa.

C. 13.1 kPa.

D. 21.8 kPa.

different pressures on a horizontal surface, depending on which face it rests on.

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.05

Topic: Fluids

5-20

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instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in

any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

57. A container holds 1 g of air at atmospheric pressure. When an additional gram

of air is

is

A. 0.5 atm.

B. 1 atm.

C. 2 atm.

D. 4 atm.

pumped into the container and there is no change in temperature, the new pressure

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze

Section: 05.08

Topic: Kinetic Molecular Theory

58. The pressure on 100 liters of helium is increased from 100 kPa to 400 kPa. The

new

volume of the helium is

A. 25 liters.

B. 50 liters.

C. 400 liters.

D. 1600 liters.

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.07

Topic: Ideal gases

59. An absolute temperature of 100 K is the same as a Celsius temperature of

A. -173°C.

B. 32°C.

C. 212°C.

D. 373°C.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.07

Topic: Ideal gases

5-21

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instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in

any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

60. One liter of hydrogen gas at atmospheric pressure is allowed to expand to a

volume of 3

liters with the temperature held constant. If the average speed of the hydrogen

molecules was

originally v, their new average speed is

A. v/9.

B. v/3.

C. v.

D. 3 v.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply

Section: 05.09

Topic: Kinetic Molecular Theory

61. In order to double the average energy of the molecules in a gas at 200 K, its

temperature

must be changed to

A. 100 K.

B. 400 K.

C. 800 K.

D. 1600 K.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply

Section: 05.09

Topic: Kinetic Molecular Theory

62. Fifty kJ of heat is added to a 10-kg piece of lead at its melting point of

330°C and 2 kg of

lead melts. The heat of fusion of lead is

A. 2.5 kJ/kg.

B. 3.3 kJ/kg.

C. 5 kJ/kg.

D. 25 kJ/kg.

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.13

Topic: Heat

5-22

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instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in

any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

63. A heat engine absorbs heat at 127°C and exhausts heat at 77°C. Its maximum

efficiency is

A. 13 percent.

B. 39 percent.

C. 61 percent.

D. 88 percent.

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.15

Topic: Thermodynamics

64. If it is to be 40 percent efficient, a heat engine that exhausts heat at 350 K

must absorb

heat at a minimum temperature of

A. 210 K.

B. 583 K.

C. 875 K.

D. 1038 K.

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.15

Topic: Thermodynamics

65. An ideal frictionless engine takes in 10 kJ of heat per second when it operates

between

A. 2 kJ.

B. 2.5 kJ.

C. 8 kJ.

D. 10 kJ.

500 K and 400 K. The work that the engine does per second is

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 05.15

Topic: Thermodynamics

5-23

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or partChapter 05 – Matter and Heat

.

5-24

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,

distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part