The Human Body in Health and Illness 5th Edition By Herlihy -Test Bank

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Chapter 5: Microbiology Basics

Test Bank

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Which of the following is defined as a disease-producing microorganism?

a. Normal flora

b. Pathogen

c. Arthropod

d. Parasite

ANS: B

Which word best characterizes Typhoid Mary?

a. Immune

b. Symptomatic

c. Carrier

d. Fomite

ANS: C

Which of the following describes the signs and symptoms that develop in response to a

pathogen?

a. Syndrome

b. Allergy

c. Infection

d. Immunity

ANS: C

Influenza is best described as a(n)

a. localized infection.

b. allergic reaction.

c. bacterial infection.

d. systemic infection.

ANS: D

Cocci, bacilli, and curved rods are classified as

a. viruses.

b. pathogens.

c. bacteria.

d. parasites.

ANS: C

6. Bacteria

a. include cocci, bacilli, and curved rods.

b. are not part of the normal flora of the intestines.

c. cause mycotic infections.

d. include mold and yeast.ANS: A

7. An abscess is

a. an example of a systemic infection.

b. always viral in origin.

c. an example of a mycotic infection.

d. an example of a localized infection.

ANS: D

8. Which of the following is least descriptive of staphylococci?

a. Grapelike arrangement

b. Bacterial

c. Gram-positive

d. Underlying cause of rheumatic fever

ANS: D

9. Rickettsiae are

a. classified as fungi.

b. viruses.

c. often carried by fleas, ticks, and body lice.

d. arthropod vectors.

ANS: C

10. Streptococci and staphylococci are

a. viruses.

b. gram-positive bacteria.

c. arthropods.

d. parasites.

ANS: B

11. Rickettsiae and chlamydiae are classified as

a. viruses.

b. bacteria.

c. arthropods.

d. bacilli.

ANS: B

12. Which of the following are classified as gram-positive and gram-negative?

a. Viruses

b. Bacteria

c. Fungi

d. Yeast

ANS: B

13. Which of the following is least descriptive of Candida albicans?

a. Causative organism of impetigo14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. b. Fungal infection

c. Yeast infection

d. Antibiotic-induced superinfection

ANS: A

Tetanus, tuberculosis, and diphtheria are

a. staphylococcal infections.

b. caused by a spirochete.

c. localized infections.

d. bacterial infections.

ANS: D

Which highly coiled microorganism resembles a corkscrew?

a. Staphylococcus

b. Streptococcus

c. Bacillus

d. Spirillum

ANS: D

Clostridium tetani and Clostridium difficile

a. are gram-negative bacilli.

b. are anaerobic.

c. are always pathogenic.

d. cause the “tineas,” such as athlete’s foot and ringworm.

ANS: B

Which of the following is least descriptive of Treponema pallidum?

a. Causes syphilis

b. Classified as a bacterium

c. Is most often spread by the fecal-oral route

d. Is a spirochete

ANS: C

What is the significance of bacterial spore formation? The bacterium

a. becomes more sensitive to the effects of antibiotics.

b. becomes more resistant to harsh environmental conditions.

c. increases its reproductive activity.

d. permanently loses its ability to cause disease.

ANS: B

Which of the following requires another living host for its continued existence?

a. Arthropod

b. Pathogen

c. Parasite

d. Bacterium

ANS: C20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. Which of the following is called the acid-fast bacillus?

a. Staphylococcus aureus

b. Salmonella typhi

c. Mycobacterium tuberculosis

d. Clostridium tetani

ANS: C

A mycotic infection is caused by a(n)

a. parasite.

b. bacterium.

c. fungus.

d. arthropod.

ANS: C

With regard to infectious disease, arthropods most often act as

a. parasites.

b. causative organisms of disease.

c. vectors.

d. fomites.

ANS: C

Which disease is caused by a sporozoan carried by a mosquito?

a. Typhoid fever

b. Tetanus

c. Malaria

d. Rocky Mountain spotted fever

ANS: C

Infections such as athlete’s foot and ringworm are referred to as

a. systemic.

b. mycotic.

c. parasitic.

d. bacterial.

ANS: B

Which group includes single-cell animal-like microbes, such as amebas?

a. Bacilli

b. Arthropods

c. Viruses

d. Protozoa

ANS: D

Which “bad air” disease is caused by a plasmodium?

a. Measles

b. Tinea

c. Tetanusd. Malaria

ANS: D

27. Which of the following is most related to the rusty nail infection?

a. Clostridium

b. Mycotic

c. Viral

d. Parasitic

ANS: A

28. Tinea is most related to

a. ringworm.

b. tetanus.

c. systemic infection.

d. treatment with anthelmintics.

ANS: A

29. A fomite is a

a. worm.

b. parasite.

c. vector.

d. host.

ANS: C

30. A helminth is a(n)

a. parasite.

b. arthropod.

c. worm.

d. bacterium.

ANS: C

31. Amebic dysentery and giardiasis are

a. mycotic infections.

b. caused by Salmonella.

c. worm infestations.

d. caused by protozoan parasites.

ANS: D

32. The ova of which of these parasitic and pathogenic multicellular animals usually appear in the

stool of the infected person?

a. Worms

b. Viruses

c. Arthropods

d. Spirochetes

ANS: A33. The tick associated with Rocky Mountain spotted fever is referred to as a(n)

a. arthropod vector.

b. causative organism.

c. spirochete.

d. fungus.

ANS: A

34. The acid-fast bacillus is

a. most often spread through droplet infection.

b. eradicated by a single dose of penicillin.

c. pathogenic only in humans.

d. most often diagnosed by a urine culture.

35. 36. 37. 38. 39. ANS: A

Rocky Mountain spotted fever is most effectively treated with an _____ drug.

a. antiviral

b. anthelmintic

c. antibiotic

d. antifungal

ANS: C

Biting flies, fleas, and ticks

a. most often cause systemic infections.

b. are best described as ectoparasites.

c. are classified as helminths.

d. cause mycotic infections.

ANS: B

Which of the following lives in the intestinal tract and lays its eggs in the perianal area,

causing severe pruritus?

a. Clostridium tetani

b. Pinworms

c. Salmonella typhi

d. Candida albicans

ANS: B

Ectoparasites are most likely to cause

a. itching and discomfort.

b. high fever.

c. paralysis.

d. loss of consciousness.

ANS: A

Rickettsiae require a living host for their survival and are therefore considered to be

a. pathogenic.

b. parasitic.

c. fungal.d. communicable.

ANS: B

40. Which of the following is both a vector and an arthropod?

a. Contaminated drinking glass

b. Virus

c. Worm

d. Flea

ANS: D

41. Typhoid Mary harbored the Salmonella pathogen in her

a. urine (kidneys).

b. respiratory secretions (lungs).

c. nasal secretions (nose).

d. bile (gallbladder).

ANS: D

42. Herpes varicella-zoster

a. is a fungus.

b. generally causes an antibiotic-induced superinfection.

c. causes chickenpox.

d. responds well to antibiotics.

ANS: C

43. A pox infection

a. is always caused by herpes varicella-zoster.

b. occurs only in humans.

c. is a skin lesion.

d. is communicable but never contagious.

ANS: C

44. Herpes varicella-zoster may lay dormant in the nerves for many years; when awakened in later

life, it causes

a. “the great pox.”

b. shingles.

c. tinea capitis.

d. smallpox.

ANS: B

45. The puerperal fever described by Dr. Semmelweiss is best described as

a. a localized infection.

b. age-related degenerative disease.

c. nosocomial infection.

d. pandemic.

ANS: C46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. Which of the following is true of commensal organisms that populate the normal flora?

a. b. c. d. They live harmoniously without harming the person.

Unless they are destroyed with an antibiotic, the person develops an infection.

The organisms are usually walled off as an abscess.

All commensal organisms are confined to the large intestine (bowel).

ANS: A

Iron deficiency anemia is endemic in low economic areas of a city, meaning

a. b. c. d. most of the population has iron deficiency anemia.

the iron deficiency anemia is untreatable.

the iron deficiency anemia has been eradicated.

the iron deficiency anemia always exists in small numbers in the community.

ANS: D

Which of the following is least descriptive of a vector?

a. Is a carrier of pathogens from one host to another

b. Can be an insect such as the mosquito carrying the plasmodium to humans

c. Must be living

d. Can be a contaminated syringe (fomite)

ANS: C

Humans, other animals, contaminated soil and water, and fomites can serve as a continual

source of infection. Which of the following terms best describes this observation?

a. Normal flora

b. Incubation period

c. Nosocomial

d. Reservoir of infection

ANS: D

Penicillin exerts its antibiotic effect primarily through destruction of the cell wall of the

pathogen. Which of the following are most apt to be affected by penicillin?

a. Viruses

b. Bacteria

c. Worms

d. Ectoparasites

ANS: B

Which of the following is most descriptive of syphilis?

a. Is a luetic infection

b. Caused by a virus

c. Is a sexually transmitted disease

d. More than one of the above

ANS: D

52. Which group is correct?

a. Ringworm, mycotic infection, treatment by anthelmintic drug

b. Syphilis, lues, Treponema pallidumc. Gonorrhea, Neisseria, virus

d. Trichinae, filariasis, helminthes, penicillin

ANS: B

53. Identify the portal of exit and mechanism for most diseases that are spread by droplet

infection.

a. b. c. d. Urinary system by contaminated urine

Respiratory system by coughing or sneezing

Digestive system through contaminated feces

Central nervous system through contaminated cerebrospinal fluid

ANS: B

54. Tinea capitis, Tinea barbae, and Tinea pedis are

a. commonly called athlete’s foot.

b. ringworm.

c. staphylococcus infections.

d. manifestations of shingles.

ANS: B

55. Rhinoviruses

a. are sensitive to penicillin.

b. are capable of causing infection only in an immunosuppressed individual.

c. cause the common cold.

d. are gram-positive.

ANS: C

56. The Rubella virus

a. is sensitive to penicillin.

b. causes German measles.

c. is teratogenic.

d. More than one of the above

ANS: D

57. Which of the following refers to a process that destroys all living organisms?

a. Nosocomial

b. Commensal

c. Sterilization

d. Colonization

ANS: C

58. Clostridia

a. are viruses.

b. cause botulism, gas gangrene, and lockjaw.

c. are protozoa.

d. respond therapeutically to anthelmintics.

ANS: B59. This bacillus forms a large part of the normal flora within the large intestines. It also causes

septic shock, food poisoning, and local infections and is a leading cause of nosocomial

infection.

a. E. coli

b. a plasmodium

c. Herpes simplex

d. mycobacterium

ANS: A