Santrock Adolescence 16Th Edition By John W Santrock – Test Bank

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Chapter 05

Gender

1. Gender development is influenced by

A. biological factors.

B. social factors.

C. cognitive factors.

D. all of these factors.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 1

2. Which of the following is good advice for helping to improve the gendered lives of both boys and girls in adolescence?

A. Help adolescents to reduce gender stereotyping and discrimination.

B. Don’t engage in gender stereotyping and discrimination yourself.

C. Never model discrimination for adolescents.

D. All of these are good advice.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 4

3. Which theorist agreed that, “Anatomy is destiny”?

A. Sigmund Freud

B. Robert Sternberg

C. Jean Piaget

D. Lev Vygotsky

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APA: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 1

4. Erik Erikson and Sigmund Freud agreed that

A. anatomy is destiny.

B. gender behaviors and gender are instinctual.

C. human behavior is directly related to reproductive processes.

D. All of these choices are correct.

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APA: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

5. Evolutionary psychologists agree that

A. natural selection favored males who adopted long-term mating strategies.

B. males evolved dispositions that favor competition and risk-taking.

C. natural selection favored females who paired widely.

D. males evolved dispositions that favor male bonding and friendship.

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APA: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

6. David Buss argues that men and women differ psychologically in

A. cognitive domains that require hypothetical reasoning.

B. domains in which they have faced different adaptive problems during evolutionary history.

C. domains that require assertiveness.

D. None of these choices are correct.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

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7. Who proposed social role theory?

A. Alice Eagly

B. Carol Gilligan

C. Karen Horney

D. Judith Rodin

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 1

8. Social role theory contends that psychological gender differences are mainly due to

A. biological dispositions.

B. similar roles of males and females.

C. contrasting roles of males and females.

D. innate psychological dispositions.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

9. Which of the following statements about the role of women around the world is NOT true?

A. Women perform more domestic work.

B. Women and men receive approximately the same pay.

C. Women spend fewer hours in paid employment.

D. Women have less power than men.

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APA: 3.3 Adopt values that build community at local, national, and global levels

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

10. Alice Eagly believes that the most important causes of gender differences in power, assertiveness, and nurture are social

hierarchy and

A. power expectations.

B. sexual vulnerability.

C. division of labor.

D. monetary resources.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

11. Rita and Don are the parents of 15-year-old twins, Frank and Francine. Research suggests that

A. Frank will have more independence than Francine.

B. Frank will be encouraged to do well in English and social sciences.

C. Francine will be encouraged to do well in math.

D. Both twins will be encouraged to excel in science.

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APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

12. Research by Phyllis Bronstein indicates that

A. in many cultures, mothers socialize their daughters to be less responsible than their sons.

B. in many cultures, mothers place more restrictions on the autonomy of sons than that of daughters.

C. fathers show more attention to their daughters than to their sons.

D. many parents continue to encourage behaviors that are in keeping with traditional gender role norms.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

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McGraw-Hill Education.Learning Goal: 1

13. Betty’s mother smiles and praises her for her fashion choices when she wears dresses and tasteful makeup for a family

gathering. According to social cognitive theory, this approval for Betty’s gender-appropriate behavior is likely to

A. make Betty want to wear more casual clothes to the next family event.

B. reinforce Betty’s choice to be feminine.

C. have no effect on what Betty chooses to wear in the future.

D. make Betty closer to her mother.

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APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

14. Which of the following statements regarding siblings and gender role development is TRUE?

A. Older siblings become less like their younger siblings over a two-year period.

B. Siblings play very little role in gender socialization.

C. Younger siblings become less similar to older siblings in terms of gender role.

D. Younger siblings become less similar to older siblings in terms of leisure activities.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 1

15. Debra’s peer group is made up of only girls; Rachel’s peer group is a mix of boys and girls. Debra is more likely than

Rachel to be in

A. adolescence.

B. early adulthood.

C. early childhood.

D. middle childhood.

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APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

16. In adolescence, _____ approval has a powerful influence on gender attitudes and behavior.

A. parents’

B. peer

C. siblings’

D. All of these choices are correct

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 1

17. Evidence that teachers and school personnel have biases towards both boys and girls include all of the following

EXCEPT

A. boys are more likely to be criticized than girls.

B. school personnel tend to stereotype boys’ behavior as problematic.

C. boys may have few male role models in teachers.

D. girls are more likely than boys to have learning problems.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 1

18. Richard is struggling in his language arts class. According to research on the ways boys and girls are treated in schools,

Richard is more likely than a female classmate to

A. be given extra help by his teacher.

B. be referred to the school psychologist to be tested for a learning disability.

C. be ignored by school personnel.

D. be paired with a peer tutor.

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McGraw-Hill Education.APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

19. Evidence that the classroom is biased against girls includes all of the following EXCEPT

A. teachers spend more time interacting with boys.

B. teachers spend more time watching girls.

C. teachers give more instruction to boys.

D. teachers give boys more time than girls to answer questions.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

20. Mary and Matthew are classmates in grade six. Which of the following is probably true, based on research on gender bias

in schools?

A. Mary will be more assertive in class than Matthew.

B. Mary’s self-esteem will be higher than Matthew’s self-esteem.

C. Matthew will describe more career choices than Mary.

D. Matthew will work quietly on his own; Mary will spend more time interacting with the teacher.

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APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 1

21. Which of the following statements regarding same-sex education is TRUE?

A. Same-sex education is superior to co-ed education for both boys and girls.

B. Same-sex education is superior to co-ed education for girls.

C. Same-sex education is superior to co-ed education for boys.

D. Same-sex education is not superior to co-ed education for both boys and girls.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

22. Television shows portray teenage girls as being primarily interested in

A. shopping.

B. appearance.

C. dating.

D. All of these choices are correct.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 1

23. Elaine says that her favorite TV show’s teenage star, Lauren, is an attractive teenager who is an apprentice to a forensic

anthropologist. Lauren spends all of her free time analyzing bones and reconstructing skeletons to solve crimes. This TV star

is

A. not the typical teenage girl star.

B. typical of a teen star in that she is attractive and smart.

C. typical of a teen star in that she is attractive and career-oriented.

D. None of these choices are correct.

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APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

24. Which of the following statements regarding self-esteem in adolescent girls is TRUE?

A. Self-esteem in adolescent girls is lower than self-esteem in adolescent boys.

B. Self-esteem in girls drops at approximately the same rate as boys.

C. Self-esteem in high-school girls is higher than for college women.

D. All of these choices are correct.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 4

25. Music videos are

A. not stereotypical of gender.

B. slanted towards female audiences.

C. slanted towards male audiences.

D. not especially marketed to teen viewers.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 1

26. Which of the following statements regarding television and gender is TRUE?

A. Men are portrayed as more powerful than women in many TV shows.

B. Female characters on music videos are shown as passive.

C. Women are overrepresented in prime-time commercials.

D. None of these choices are correct.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

27. Research has shown that the more adolescent females and males watched entertainment TV, the more

A. positive their body images were.

B. passive they became.

C. aggressive they became.

D. negative their body images were.

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APA: 2.4 Interpret, design, and conduct basic psychological research

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

28. Gender schema theory is a _____ theory.

A. cognitive

B. biological

C. sociological

D. psychological

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 1

29. The theory on gender development that asserts that gender-typing emerges as children and adolescents develop gender

schemas regarding what is gender-appropriate or -inappropriate in their culture is called

A. gender learning theory.

B. schema dominance theory.

C. gender schema theory.

D. social learning theory.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

30. A cognitive structure that organizes the world in terms of female and male is called a

A. gender schema.

B. gender worldview.

C. gender-role dichotomy.

D. None of these choices are correct.

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McGraw-Hill Education.Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

APA: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 1

31. Victor has perceived that wearing a silk scarf on his head is not considered appropriate for males in his culture.

Consequently, he pulls his long hair back and secures it with a rubber band. Victor’s behavior is best explained by

A. media influence theory.

B. gender-role transcendence theory.

C. gender schema theory.

D. social role theory.

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APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

32. Caitlin tells her friend that women make better nurses and teachers than men. Caitlin’s statement is

A. generally true.

B. a stereotype.

C. generally false.

D. an overstatement.

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APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

33. Traits such as aggressive, independent, and power-oriented are labeled _____ traits.

A. expressive

B. concordant

C. instrumental

D. congruent

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 2

34. Traits associated with females are labeled _____ traits.

A. expressive

B. concordant

C. instrumental

D. congruent

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

35. Which of the following statements regarding roles and traits of the traditional male or female is NOT true?

A. Expressive traits are associated with men and help them to communicate effectively.

B. Instrumental traits suited men to go out and be breadwinners.

C. Instrumental traits equipped men to wield authority.

D. Traditional feminine characteristics are childlike and foster dependency.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

36. Recent research continues to find that gender stereotyping

A. is decreasing slowly.

B. is pervasive.

C. has decreased considerably in the last 25 years.

D. None of these choices are correct.

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McGraw-Hill Education.Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

APA: 2.4 Interpret, design, and conduct basic psychological research

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 2

37. Which of the following is NOT recommended for improving gendered lives for boys?

A. Encourage boys to handle their emotions more effectively.

B. Work with boys to improve their athletic ability.

C. Work with boys to improve their academic performance.

D. Encourage boys to be less physically aggressive.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 4

38. Which of the following statements regarding physical similarities and differences between men and women is NOT true?

A. Males grow to be 10 percent taller than females.

B. Androgens promote the growth of long bones in men.

C. Estrogens stop the growth of long bones in females at puberty.

D. Men have twice as much body fat as women.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

39. Many physical differences between men and women are tied to

A. intelligence.

B. health.

C. financial status.

D. All of these choices are correct.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

40. Which differences exist between males and females regarding health?

A. Females have a longer life expectancy than males.

B. Females and males can expect to live about the same number of years.

C. Females are more likely to develop mental disorders than males.

D. Males are more resistant to infections than females.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 2

41. High levels of stress hormones have been linked to

A. high blood pressure.

B. osteoporosis.

C. rheumatoid arthritis.

D. Alzheimer’s disease.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

42. Similarities and differences in the brains of males and females could be due to

A. evolution.

B. heredity.

C. social experiences.

D. All of these choices are correct.

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McGraw-Hill Education.Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

43. What differences exist between males and females with regard to brain structure and activity?

A. The part of the hypothalamus involved in sexual behavior is larger in females than in males.

B. The area of the brain involved in visuospatial skills is larger in females than in males.

C. The corpus callosum is larger in females than in males.

D. The area of the brain involved in emotional expression is more active in males than in females.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 2

44. A recent study of over seven million U.S. students in grades 2-11 showed that

A. boys outperformed girls on math tests.

B. girls scored significantly lower on math tests than boys.

C. there were no differences in math scores between boys and girls.

D. girls scored slightly better than boys in math in grades 2-6.

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APA: 2.4 Interpret, design, and conduct basic psychological research

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

45. Which of the following statements regarding visuospatial skills is NOT true?

A. These skills include being able to rotate objects mentally.

B. These skills include being able to determine what objects would look like after rotation.

C. These skills are important in courses such as algebra.

D. These skills are better in boys than in girls.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 2

46. What differences exist between males and females with regard to verbal skills?

A. Females outperform males in reading and writing.

B. Females outperform males on reading and writing only in elementary school; by high school the scores are the same in

verbal skills.

C. There are no significant differences between females and males in reading; girls outperform boys in writing.

D. There are no significant differences between females and males in writing; girls outperform boys in reading.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 2

47. Chris just completed high school and plans to go to college to study social work. It is likely that Chris is a

A. female in the United States.

B. male in the United States.

C. female in Europe.

D. male in Europe.

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APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

48. Which of the following statements regarding gender differences related to schooling and academic achievement is

TRUE?

A. Females are more likely to drop out of school than males.

B. Males make up about 60 percent of the students enrolled in college today.

C. The bottom 50 percent of high-school classes is made up mainly of males.

D. Most males perform at below-average level.

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McGraw-Hill Education.Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

49. Amanda and Dennis are high school classmates. Which of the following is likely to be TRUE?

A. Amanda is more likely than Dennis to be attentive in class.

B. Dennis is more likely than Amanda to be planning a career in math or engineering.

C. Amanda is more likely than Dennis to participate in class.

D. All of these choices are correct.

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APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

50. Research regarding males and females in math and science careers has indicated

A. Despite gender similarities in math ability males still predominate upper-level math courses.

B. Because of gender similarities in math ability, equal number of males and females are found in upper-level math courses.

C. Gender differences in math ability account for the lower number of females in upper-level math classes.

D. Females are starting to outnumber the number of males in upper-level math courses.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Understand

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

51. Ashley spread a rumor that Donna, the new girl in class, had head lice. As a result of this rumor, Donna has made no

friends, and people move their desks to get away from her. Ashley has engaged in

A. emotional aggression.

B. relational aggression.

C. latent aggression.

D. mean behavior, but it is not any type of aggression.

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APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

52. According to Deborah Tannen, the language of establishing connections and negotiating relationships is known as

A. rapport talk.

B. report talk.

C. social talk.

D. polite talk.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 2

53. According to Deborah Tannen, talk that gives information is called

A. rapport talk.

B. report talk.

C. factual talk.

D. social talk.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 2

54. Joe tells a story about how his car was rear-ended while he was stopped at a railroad crossing. This is an example of what

Deborah Tannen calls

A. rapport talk.

B. factual reporting.

C. report talk.

D. None of these choices are correct.

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APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

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McGraw-Hill Education.Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

55. What was Deborah Tannen’s main conclusion about differences between boys and girls?

A. Boys learn language ahead of girls.

B. Girls learn language ahead of boys.

C. Boys use more action words in their speech than girls.

D. Boys and girls grow up in different worlds of talk.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

56. Which of the following statements regarding gender differences in play is TRUE?

A. Girls are more likely than boys to play in small groups.

B. Boys are more likely than girls to play in groups that have a leader.

C. Boys’ games tend to have winners and losers.

D. All of these choices are correct.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

57. A meta-analysis of gender differences in talkativeness, affiliative speech, and self-assertive speech confirms which

criticism of Deborah Tannen’s research?

A. Tannen underestimated the size of the gender differences in communication.

B. Tannen overestimated the size of the gender differences in communication.

C. Tannen focused too much on contexts of communication and not enough on the content of

communication.

D. None of these choices are correct.

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APA: 2.4 Interpret, design, and conduct basic psychological research

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 2

58. Which of the following findings came out of a meta-analysis of gender differences in talkativeness,

affiliative speech, and self-assertive speech?

A. Gender differences in talkativeness occurred more in dyads than in large groups.

B. Gender differences in affiliative speech are largest during middle childhood.

C. Boys talk more with adults than girls do.

D. Gender differences in affiliative speech are largest during adolescence.

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APA: 2.4 Interpret, design, and conduct basic psychological research

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 2

59.

With regard to prosocial behavior,

A. males view themselves as more empathetic.

B. females view themselves as more empathetic.

C. males engage in more prosocial behavior during adolescence than do females.

D. the smallest gender differences occur for kind and considerate behavior.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

60. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE regarding gender differences in prosocial behavior?

A. Females view themselves as more prosocial and empathetic than males.

B. Females engage in more prosocial and empathetic behaviors than males.

C. Females are better at recognizing nonverbal emotions in others.

D. Females are more likely to engage in heroic prosocial actions than males.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

61. The smallest gender differences for prosocial behavior occur for

A. kind behavior.

B. considerate behavior.

C. empathetic behavior.

D. sharing.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

62. Cara says that she has just begun to experience some intense emotions whereas her neighbor, Craig, says that he doesn’t

experience any of these emotions. Which of the following is likely to be TRUE?

A. Both Cara and Craig are in middle childhood.

B. Cara is in early adolescence; Craig is in late adolescence.

C. Both Cara and Craig are in early adolescence.

D. Cara is in late childhood; Craig is in middle adolescence.

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APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

63. When it comes to emotions, boys usually show

A. less self-regulation than girls.

B. more self-regulation than girls.

C. about the same self-regulation as girls.

D. no self-regulation until late adolescence.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

64. Which of the following theorists believes that extensive gender differences are caused by adaptive problems across

human evolutionary history?

A. Janet Shibley Hyde

B. Carol Gilligan

C. David Buss

D. Alice Eagly

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 2

65. The theorist who emphasizes the social conditions that have resulted in power inequity and substantial gender differences

is

A. Alice Eagly.

B. Janet Shibley Hyde.

C. Judith Rodin.

D. Mary Parker.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 2

66. Zoe tells her parents that she learned in her women’s studies class that many of the gender differences that she sees are

due to inequities in power, money, and other resources between men and women. She says she is going to be taking part in a

“walk for equity” to protest lower wages being paid to women in her community. Zoe’s position is very much like that of

which theorist?

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Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of

McGraw-Hill Education.A. Anna Freud

B. Carol Gilligan

C. Alice Eagly

D. Janet Shibley Hyde

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APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

67. The theorist who asserts that gender differences have been greatly exaggerated, based on the results of 44 meta-analyses

of gender differences and similarities is

A. Carol Gilligan.

B. Janet Shibley Hyde.

C. Alice Eagly.

D. Judith Viorst.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 2

68. Which of the following statements regarding gender in context is NOT true?

A. Gender behavior often varies across contexts.

B. Females are more likely than males to help if they feel competent to help.

C. Males are more likely than females to show anger to strangers.

D. In many cultures, roles are very gender-specific.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

69. Nezy is a young married woman who lives in Saudi Arabia. Which of the following is probably true for Nezy?

A. Nezy will work at raising her children and hold a part-time job in the public sector.

B. Nezy will share the household tasks with her husband.

C. Nezy will work full-time at a home-based business while caring for her family.

D. Any deviation from Nezy’s traditional gender role will be met with disapproval.

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APA: 3.3 Adopt values that build community at local, national, and global levels

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 2

70. The presence of a high degree of masculine and feminine characteristics in the same person is known as

A. androgyny.

B. ambiguity.

C. hermaphroditeism.

D. transsexualism.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 3

71. Which of the following is NOT one of the classifications made via the Bem Sex-Role Inventory?

A. masculine

B. feminine

C. transgendered

D. undifferentiated

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

72. A person who is high on instrumental traits and low on expressive traits would be classified as _____ on the Bem Sex-

Role Inventory.

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Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of

McGraw-Hill Education.A. feminine

B. masculine

C. undifferentiated

D. androgynous

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

73. Evelyn scores low on both feminine and masculine traits on the Bem Sex-Role Inventory. Evelyn would be classified as

A. feminine.

B. masculine.

C. undifferentiated.

D. androgynous.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

74. Darren scores a high number of feminine and a high number of masculine traits on the Bem Sex-Role Inventory. Darren

would be classified as

A. feminine.

B. masculine.

C. undifferentiated.

D. androgynous.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

75. Which of the following statements regarding androgyny is NOT true?

A. Androgyny has been linked to higher levels of stress.

B. Androgynous individuals are more flexible than either masculine or feminine individuals.

C. Androgynous individuals report better health practices than people in other categories.

D. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 3

76. Increasing numbers of children and adolescents in the U.S. are being raised to behave in

A. traditional gender-role ways.

B. androgynous ways.

C. masculine ways.

D. undifferentiated ways.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

77. Carmela, age 16, and her brother Juan, age 17, are originally from Puerto Rico. Which of the following statements is

likely to be true, based on the studies of Latino and Latina adolescents?

A. Juan will get his driver’s license before Carmela.

B. Carmela will have more interaction with males than Juan will have with females.

C. Juan and Carmela will participate in after-school activities.

D. Neither Juan nor Carmela will have a curfew.

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APA: 3.3 Adopt values that build community at local, national, and global levels

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

78. Which of the following statements regarding access to education around the world is NOT true?

5-13

Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of

McGraw-Hill Education.A. Girls’ education still lags behind boys’ education.

B. Girls in Japan and the Philippines complete their education at lower rates than girls in Western nations.

C. Girls receive, on average, 4.4 years less education than boys.

D. Control over girls’ social relationships is easing in some nations.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

79. Dr. Burke, a superintendent of a large school system, wants to implement androgynous education in his district. Based on

research, Dr. Burke will get the most success from the program if it is offered to students in grade

A. two.

B. five.

C. seven.

D. nine.

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APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

80. Which of the following statements regarding androgyny education is NOT true?

A. It is easier to teach androgyny to boys than to girls.

B. It is easier to teach androgyny to girls than to boys.

C. Androgyny education includes the use of books, discussion materials, and gender curriculum.

D. Androgyny education works best when it is introduced before middle-school grades.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

81. Opponents of androgynous education programs argue that they ignore the diversity of gender roles in our society and that

A. programs are too value-laden.

B. programs ignore values.

C. traditional gender roles produce happier people.

D. teachers need costly and lengthy training in order to be able to teach these programs.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 3

82. William Pollack, author of Real Boys, argues that the “boy code” tells boys that they should

A. express anger but not positive emotions like love.

B. express positive emotions, but suppress anger and anxiety.

C. express all of their emotions in moderation.

D. show little, if any emotion, as they are growing up.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

83. According to William Pollack, author of Real Boys, boys learn the “boy code” from their

A. peers.

B. parents.

C. teachers.

D. All of these choices are correct.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

84. According to William Pollack, author of Real Boys, which of the following contexts lends itself to boys learning the “boy

code”?

5-14

Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of

McGraw-Hill Education.A. camps

B. schoolrooms

C. sandboxes

D. All of these choices are correct

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

85. In the traditional male adolescent culture, male adolescents trying to adopt a strong masculine role are likely to believe

they will be thought of as more masculine if they

A. get a job and pay some of their own expenses.

B. drink alcohol or take drugs.

C. have a steady girlfriend.

D. participate in a “manly” sport, such as football or hockey.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

86. Proponents of _____ argue that gender-role classification leads to too much stereotyping.

A. gender-competency theory

B. gender-role transcendence

C. androgyny theory

D. undifferentiated theory

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

87. Gender-role attitudes and gender intensification tend to

A. decrease in early adolescence.

B. increase in early adolescence.

C. spike in middle childhood.

D. stay the same until late adolescence.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 4

88. Carol Gilligan believes

A. girls are sensitive to different emotions in relationships.

B. girls experience life differently than boys.

C. adolescence is a critical juncture in girls’ development.

D. All of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 4

89. According to Carol Gilligan, girls become aware that the male-dominated culture does not value their interest in

A. caring.

B. altruism.

C. empathy.

D. intimacy.

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APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Basic

Learning Goal: 4

90. Natalie struggles with wanting to be independent but still responsive to others. As a result, she is less confident and is

tentative about speaking up and sharing her opinions. According to research, this self-doubt can translate into

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Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of

McGraw-Hill Education.A. aggression.

B. depression.

C. sexual acting-out behaviors.

D. delinquency.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 4

91. Susan Harter and her colleagues found all of the following in their research EXCEPT

A. androgynous girls reported a strong voice in all contexts.

B. feminine girls had lower levels of voice in public contexts.

C. feminine girls had lower levels of voice in interpersonal contexts.

D. girls who lack “voice,” but emphasize appearance had a great risk to their development.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 4

92. Critics of Carol Gilligan’s theory argue that

A. she exaggerates the differences in intimacy between males and females.

B. she exaggerates the differences in connectedness between males and females.

C. her research did not include a comparison group of boys.

D. All of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 4

93. Which of the following is NOT recommended for improving gendered lives for girls?

A. Encourage girls to be proud of their caring skills.

B. Encourage girls to develop their self-competencies.

C. Expose girls to a greater range of career options.

D. Encourage girls to be more aggressive.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 4

94. Explain what Freud and Erikson meant by “anatomy is destiny.”

Both Freud and Erikson argued that an individual’s genitals influence his or her gender behavior and, therefore, anatomy is

destiny. One of Freud’s basic assumptions was that human behavior is directly related to the reproductive process. He

believed that gender and sexual behavior were essentially unlearned and instinctual. Erikson extended Freud’s argument,

claiming that psychological differences between males and females stem from their anatomical differences. Erikson stated

that, because of genital structure, males are ore intrusive and aggressive, and females more inclusive and passive. In response

to critics, Erikson later modified his view, saying that females in today’s world are transcending their biological heritage and

correcting society’s overemphasis on male intrusiveness.

APA: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

95. Describe evolutionary views of the differences between males and females.

Evolutionary psychologists argue that, primarily because of their differing roles in reproduction, males and females faced

different pressures in primeval environments when the human species was evolving. Having multiple sexual partners

improved the likelihood that males will pass on their genes; natural selection favoured males who adopted short-term mating

strategies. Males evolved dispositions that favor violence, competition, and risk-taking because they were in competition

with other males for access to females.

In contrast, females’ contributions to the gene pool were improved by securing resources for their children. This was

promoted by obtaining long-term mates who could support a family. As a consequence, natural selection favored females

5-16

Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of

McGraw-Hill Education.who devoted effort to parenting and to choosing mates who could provide their offspring with resources and protection.

Females developed preferences for successful, ambitious men who could provide these resources.

APA: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 1

96. What is the main belief behind social role theory of gender?

Social role theory states that the gender differences mainly result from the contrasting roles of males and females. In most

cultures around the world, females have less status and power than do males, and they control fewer resources. Compared

with men, women perform more domestic work, spend fewer hours in paid employment, and receive lower pay. The social

hierarchy and division of labor are important causes of gender differences in power, assertiveness, and nurture.

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

97. What is the main idea behind the social cognitive theory of gender?

The social cognitive theory of gender emphasizes that children’s and adolescents’ gender development is influenced by their

observation and imitation of others’ gender behavior, as well as by the rewards and punishments that they experience for

gender-appropriate and gender inappropriate behavior. Through observation adolescents are exposed to a range of models

displaying masculine and feminine behavior.

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

98. Summarize the main points from your textbook about bias against males and females in schools.

Evidence that the classroom is biased against boys includes the fact that teachers value neat, orderly, rules-based classes,

characteristics more likely to be exhibited by girls than boys. Boys are more likely than girls to be diagnosed with learning

problems. Boys are more likely than girls to be criticized. School personnel are more likely to ignore the needs of boys who

are showing signs of academic problems than girls with the same issues. School personnel tend to label boys’ behavior as

problematic.

Evidence that the classroom is biased against girls includes the fact that, in a typical classroom, teachers are more likely to

interact with boys than girls. Girls are more compliant and submissive, often working quietly on their own; this can lead to a

decrease in assertiveness. Boys get more instruction than girls and more help from teachers when they have questions. Girls

are less likely than boys to believe that they will be successful in college. By middle school, girls have lower self-esteem

than boys, and they list fewer career options than boys.

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 1

99. Describe the possible influences of the mass media on adolescents’ gender development and state why.

Television shows directed at adolescents are extremely stereotyped in their portrayal of the sexes, especially teenage girls.

Teenage girls are shown as being more interested in dating and shopping than in career or school plans. Music videos, which

are slanted toward male viewers, portray females as passive. Even in prime-time commercials, there is an inequity between

men and women, with men being cast as the main characters. Younger adolescents are particularly susceptible to the highly

gender-stereotyped messages of the media. The media also has an impact on body image, particularly for girls.

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

100. What is the main idea behind gender schema theory?

A schema is a cognitive structure, a network of associations that guides an individual’s perceptions. Gender schema theory

states that gender typing emerges as children and adolescents gradually develop gender schemas of what is gender-

appropriate and gender inappropriate in their culture. A gender schema organizes the world in terms of male or female.

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Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of

McGraw-Hill Education.Children and adolescents are internally motivated to perceive the world and to act in accordance with their developing

schemas.

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 1

101. Define and give an example of instrumental and expressive traits, and discuss how these traits have

either benefited or stereotyped males and females.

Traits associated with males are known as instrumental traits. They include characteristics such as being independent,

aggressive, and power oriented. The instrumental traits associated with males suited them for the traditional masculine role

of going out into the world as the breadwinner.

Traits that are associated with females are known as expressive traits. They include characteristics such as being warm and

sensitive. The expressive traits paralleled the traditional feminine role of being the sensitive, nurturing caregiver in the home.

These roles and traits are not just different, however, they also are unequal in terms of social status and power. The

traditional masculine characteristics suit one to deal competently with the wider world and to wield authority. As such, these

traits benefit males. On the other hand, the feminine characteristics are childlike, suitable to someone who is dependent and

subordinate to others. These traits stereotype females as passive and powerless and do not benefit females.

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 2

102. What are three physical differences that exist between males and females? Be sure to address brain differences.

Women have about twice the body fat of men. On average, males grow to be about 10 percent taller than women.

Androgens, the hormones that are dominant in males, promote the growth of long bones. Estrogens, the hormones dominant

in females, stop the growth of long bones at puberty. Females have a longer life expectancy than males, and females are less

likely than males to develop physical or mental disorders. Females are more resistant to infection, and their blood vessels are

more elastic than those of males.

Researchers have found some differences in brain structure between males and females. The part of the hypothalamus that is

involved in sexual behavior tends to be larger in men than in women. Portions of the corpus callosum are larger in females

than in males. The portion of the parietal lobe that functions in visuospatial skills tends to be larger in males. Females tend to

show more metabolic activity in the areas of the brain involved in emotional expression.

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Goal: 2

103. What does research conclude are the cognitive differences exist between males and females?

Research on the differences in math ability between males and females has been mixed. It does appear, however, that males

are better at visuospatial skills than females. These skills include being able to rotate objects mentally and determine what

they would look like when rotated. There is strong evidence that girls outperform boys in reading and writing.

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 2

104. Define and list at least three benefits of androgyny.

Androgyny is the presence of a high degree of masculine and feminine characteristics in the same person.

According to Sandra Bem, androgynous individuals are more flexible and more mentally healthy than either masculine or

feminine individuals. Androgyny has been linked to well being and lower levels of stress. A study with emerging adults

revealed that androgynous individuals reported better health practices than masculine, feminine, or undifferentiated

individuals.

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

105. Explain how context and culture affect gender roles.

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Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of

McGraw-Hill Education.It is important to consider both personality traits and the contexts in which those traits may be expressed. In close

relationships, a feminine or androgynous gender role may be desirable because of the expressive nature of the relationship.

In a work or academic situation, a masculine or androgynous role may be preferable, due to the demands for action or

assertiveness. Each culture has its own prescribed behaviors for males and females, and it is important to consider those

expectations when evaluating gender-role behavior. Increasing numbers of children and adolescents in the United States and

other modernized countries are being raised to behave in androgynous ways. Traditional gender roles continue to dominate

the cultures of many other countries around the world, however. In these cultures, men are expected to be the breadwinners

and providers and the women to be the caregivers for the family. These expectations have an impact on social experiences,

educational opportunities, and employment options for both men and women.

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

106. What is the “boy code” and how does it affect the emotional development of boys?

William Pollack, the author of Real Boys, argues that the “boy code” teaches boys to not show their feelings and to act tough.

Boys are taught by peers, parents, coaches, and teachers to show little, if any, emotion as they are growing up. Pollack

believes that boys would be better served if they were socialized to express their anxieties and concerns rather than keeping

them bottled up. Boys also need to be taught to better regulate their aggression.

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 3

107. Discuss the major changes that are happening in early adolescence with respect to gender intensification.

Psychological and behavioral differences between boys and girls become greater during early adolescence because of

increased socialization pressures to conform to traditional male and female gender roles. Puberty may signal to socializing

agents, such as parents, peers, and teachers that an adolescent is approaching adulthood and should begin to act in

stereotypical male or female ways. Although there is some research to support this claim, it should be noted that family

context influences how strongly gender intensification occurs.

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 4

108. Explain why Carol Gilligan believes that early adolescence is a critical juncture for females.

Gilligan says that in early adolescence (ages 11-12), girls become aware that the male-dominated culture does not value their

intense interest in intimacy, even though society values women’s caring and altruism. The dilemma is that girls are presented

with a choice that makes them appear either selfish or selfless. As young adolescent girls struggle with this dilemma, they

begin to silence their different voices, becoming less confident and more tentative in offering their opinions. Some

researchers note that the self-doubt and ambivalence that girls experience in early adolescence can persist into adulthood and

translate into depression and eating disorders.

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Difficulty: Moderate

Learning Goal: 4

109. List at least three ways that adults can guide boys’ gender development and at least three ways that adults can guide

girls’ gender development.

1. Boys can be encouraged to be more sensitive in relationships and to engage in more prosocial behavior. Fathers can be

role models. 2. Encourage boys to be less physically aggressive. 3. Encourage boys to handle their emotions more

effectively. This involves emotional self-regulation and control as well as appropriate emotional expression. 4. Work with

boys to improve their school performance. 1. Encourage girls to be proud of their relationship and caring skills. 2. Encourage

girls to develop their self-competencies. 3. Encourage girls to be more self-assertive. 4. Encourage girls’ achievement.

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Difficulty: Moderate

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Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of

McGraw-Hill Education.Learning Goal: 4

Category # of Questions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 93

APA: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology 6

APA: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains 77

APA: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology 18

APA: 2.4 Interpret, design, and conduct basic psychological research 5

APA: 3.3 Adopt values that build community at local, national, and global levels 3

APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes 16

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis 20

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application 20

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 11

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 57

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Understand 1

Difficulty: Basic 17

Difficulty: Difficult 17

Difficulty: Moderate 75

Learning Goal: 1 36

Learning Goal: 2 40

Learning Goal: 3 20

Learning Goal: 4 13

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Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of

McGraw-Hill Education.