Name: Pharmacology Connections to Nursing Practice 3rd Edition By Adams - Test Bank
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Complete Test Bank With Answers

Sample Questions Posted Below

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test

Bank

Chapter 5

Question 1

Type: MCSA

A client develops angioedema and difficulty swallowing after receiving an intravenous medication. The nurse

recognizes this is characteristic of which effect?

1. A minor adverse effect

2. A life-threatening adverse effect

3. An unpredictable side effect

4. A reaction secondary to urticaria

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale 1: Angioedema involves facial edema, which can lead to difficulty swallowing and is considered a

serious or life-threatening adverse effect, not a minor adverse effect.

Rationale 2: Angioedema involves facial edema, which can lead to difficulty swallowing and is considered a

serious or life-threatening adverse effect.

Rationale 3: Side effects are predictable and less severe than angioedema and difficulty swallowing.

Rationale 4: Urticaria is manifested by hives.

Global Rationale: Angioedema involves facial edema, which can lead to difficulty swallowing and is considered

a serious or life-threatening adverse effect. Side effects are predictable and less severe than angioedema and

difficulty swallowing. Urticaria is manifested by hives.

Cognitive Level: Understanding

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.1.Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice and research

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-1 Differentiate between adverse effects and side effects.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.4 Examine adverse effects of medication administration and risk reduction

measures taken by the nurse.

Page Number:

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Type: MCSA

The nurse monitors a client on a newly prescribed antihypertensive drug. The nurse recognizes the symptom of

hypotension would be indicative of which reaction?

1. An allergic response to the drug

2. A therapeutic drug effect

3. An adverse drug effect

4. An idiosyncratic drug reaction

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale 1: Hypotension is not indicative of an allergic response.

Rationale 2: The therapeutic effect of an antihypertensive drug is to lower blood pressure, but not cause

hypotension.

Rationale 3: Hypotension with an antihypertensive drug would be considered an adverse effect of the drug.

Rationale 4: Hypotension is not an idiosyncratic reaction.

Global Rationale: While a decrease in blood pressure is expected with antihypertensive medication, hypotension

would be considered an adverse effect of the drug. Hypotension is not indicative of an allergic response or an

idiosyncratic reaction.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.1.Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice and research

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-1 Differentiate between adverse effects and side effects.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.4 Examine adverse effects of medication administration and risk reduction

measures taken by the nurse.

Page Number:

Question 3

Type: MCSA

The nurse explains to a student nurse that side effects differ from adverse events in which way?

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

2. Side effects are usually more serious than adverse effects.

3. Side effects are predictable at therapeutic levels.

4. Adverse effects are only dose-related.

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale 1: Adverse effects can produce permanent damage, but not all side effects are that serious.

Rationale 2: Adverse effects are more serious than side effects.

Rationale 3: Side effects are types of effects that are predictable and can occur even at therapeutic doses.

Rationale 4: Side effects can also be dose-dependent. Adverse effects can occur with any drug; they are not just

related to drug dose.

Global Rationale: Side effects are types of effects that are predictable and can occur even at therapeutic doses.

Adverse effects are more serious than side effects and can produce permanent damage. Not all side effects are

serious. Side effects can also be dose dependent. Adverse effects can occur with any drug; they are not just related

to drug dose.

Cognitive Level: Understanding

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.1.Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice and research

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-1 Differentiate between adverse effects and side effects.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.4 Examine adverse effects of medication administration and risk reduction

measures taken by the nurse.

Page Number:

Question 4

Type: MCMA

When teaching the client about a new medication, the nurse should include which information?

Note: Credit will be given only is all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. Adverse effects that can be expectedAdams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

3. The drug’s therapeutic action

4. Chemical composition of the drug

5. Name of the drug manufacturer

Correct Answer: 1,2,3

Rationale 1: In order to help the client identify and prevent adverse effects, the client should be taught the

therapeutic action, adverse effects, and when to notify the health care provider of adverse effects.

Rationale 2: In order to help the client identify and prevent adverse effects, the client should be taught the

therapeutic action, adverse effects, and when to notify the health care provider of adverse effects.

Rationale 3: In order to help the client identify and prevent adverse effects, the client should be taught the

therapeutic action, adverse effects, and when to notify the health care provider of adverse effects.

Rationale 4: It is not necessary to teach the client the chemical makeup of the drug.

Rationale 5: It is not necessary to teach the client the name of the drug manufacturer.

Global Rationale: In order to help the client identify and prevent adverse effects, the client should be taught the

therapeutic action, adverse effects, and when to notify the health care provider of adverse effects. It is not

necessary to teach the client the chemical makeup of the drug or the name of the manufacturer.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: I.B.3 Provide patient-centered care with sensitivity and respect for the diversity of human

experience

AACN Essential Competencies: III.6. Integrate evidence, clinical judgment, interprofessional perspectives and patient

preferences in planning, implementing, and evaluating outcomes of care

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 5-2 Create a plan to minimize or prevent adverse drug events in patients.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.4 Examine adverse effects of medication administration and risk reduction

measures taken by the nurse.

Page Number:

Question 5

Type: MCSA

A client with a history of multiple allergies is prescribed a new anti-infective. At which time should the nurse plan

to monitor the client for an anaphylactic reaction?

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

2. Immediately after receiving the first dose

3. At any time while receiving the drug

4. Within one hour of receiving the first dose

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale 1: Anaphylactic reactions can be unpredictable. They can occur immediately after a drug is taken or

can be delayed. The nurse needs to be prepared for a reaction at any time.

Rationale 2: Anaphylactic reactions can be unpredictable. They can occur immediately after a drug is taken or

can be delayed. The nurse needs to be prepared for a reaction at any time.

Rationale 3: Anaphylactic reactions can be unpredictable. They can occur immediately after a drug is taken or

can be delayed. The nurse needs to be prepared for a reaction at any time.

Rationale 4: Anaphylactic reactions can be unpredictable. They can occur immediately after a drug is taken, or

can be delayed. The nurse needs to be prepared for a reaction at any time.

Global Rationale: Anaphylactic reactions can be unpredictable. They can occur immediately after a drug is taken

or can be delayed. The nurse needs to be prepared for a reaction at any time.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: II.7. Promote factors that create a culture of safety and caring

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-4 Describe the incidence and characteristics of drug allergies.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.1 Apply basic concepts related to pharmacology.

Page Number:

Question 6

Type: MCSA

Which clinical manifestation would the nurse identify as an allergic reaction?

1. Urticaria

2. Photosensitivity

3. Abdominal crampingAdams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Correct Answer: 1

Rationale 1: Urticaria, or hives, is indicative of an allergic response to a medication.

Rationale 2: Photosensitivity is a predictable side effect of some medications.

Rationale 3: Abdominal cramping could be a side effect or adverse effect of medications.

Rationale 4: Diarrhea is a common side effect of many medications.

Global Rationale: Urticaria, or hives, is indicative of an allergic response to a medication. Photosensitivity is a

predictable side effect of some medications. Abdominal cramping could be a side effect or adverse effect of

medications. Diarrhea is a common side effect of many medications.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: II.7. Promote factors that create a culture of safety and caring

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-4 Describe the incidence and characteristics of drug allergies.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.1 Apply basic concepts related to pharmacology.

Page Number:

Question 7

Type: MCSA

A client with a documented allergy to penicillin is prescribed cephalosporin. The nurse will monitor the client for

allergic responses, since cephalosporin can cause which reaction?

1. A heightened drug reaction

2. Pseudoallergy

3. Cross-allergy

4. A hyporesponsive reaction

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale 1: The degree of drug response will not be affected by the cross-allergy.

Rationale 2: The allergy is not false, or pseudo.Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

cross-allergy.

Rationale 4: An allergic response is a hyper-responsive reaction.

Global Rationale: Drugs with similar structure can elicit an allergic response in a receptive client, which is called

cross-allergy. The degree of drug response will not be affected by the cross-allergy. The allergy is not false, or

pseudo. An allergic response is a hyper-responsive reaction.

Cognitive Level: Understanding

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: II.7. Promote factors that create a culture of safety and caring

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-4 Describe the incidence and characteristics of drug allergies.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.1 Apply basic concepts related to pharmacology.

Page Number:

Question 8

Type: MCSA

The nurse administers zolpidem (Ambien) to a client at 11 p.m. for sleep. The client awakens at 3 a.m. and is wide

awake and agitated. How will the nurse document this client’s reaction to the medication in the medical record?

1. Allergic response

2. Side effect

3. Adverse effect

4. Idiosyncratic reaction

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: Allergic responses are usually manifested by rashes, urticaria, or anaphylactic reactions.

Rationale 2: Side effects for Ambien would include nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, daytime drowsiness, and

abnormal thinking.

Rationale 3: Adverse effects for Ambien would include hallucinations and hypersensitivity reactions.

Rationale 4: The desired response of Ambien is sleep induction. An opposite or unexpected reaction would be an

idiosyncratic reaction.

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

be an idiosyncratic reaction. Allergic responses are usually manifested by rashes, urticaria, or anaphylactic

reactions. Side effects for Ambien would include nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, daytime drowsiness, and abnormal

thinking. Adverse effects for Ambien would include hallucinations and hypersensitivity reactions.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: II.7. Promote factors that create a culture of safety and caring

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-5 Explain how idiosyncratic reactions differ from other types of adverse effects.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.4 Examine adverse effects of medication administration and risk reduction

measures taken by the nurse.

Page Number:

Question 9

Type: MCSA

The nurse determines that an idiosyncratic reaction to a drug has occurred when the client experiences drug

effects that have which characteristic?

1. Predictable

2. Unexplained

3. Irreversible

4. Life threatening

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale 1: Side effects of drugs are predictable.

Rationale 2: Idiosyncratic drug reactions are those that are unexpected or unexplained.

Rationale 3: Some adverse effects can be irreversible; this is not a characteristic of idiosyncratic reactions.

Rationale 4: Some adverse effects can be life threatening, but they are not considered to be idiosyncratic.

Global Rationale: Idiosyncratic drug reactions are those that are unexpected or unexplained. Side effects of drugs

are predictable. Some adverse effects can be irreversible; this is not a characteristic of idiosyncratic reactions.

Some adverse effects can be life threatening, but they are not considered to be idiosyncratic.

Cognitive Level: UnderstandingAdams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: II.7. Promote factors that create a culture of safety and caring

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-5 Explain how idiosyncratic reactions differ from other types of adverse effects.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.4 Examine adverse effects of medication administration and risk reduction

measures taken by the nurse.

Page Number:

Question 10

Type: MCSA

A client is prescribed a medication and is concerned it might have teratogenic effects. Which response by the

nurse is the most appropriate?

1. “Let me check the pregnancy risk category of the drug.”

2. “Are you in your first trimester of pregnancy?”

3. “If your health care provider ordered the medication, it should be okay.”

4. “You should avoid taking any medications while pregnant.”

Correct Answer: 1

Rationale 1: The pregnancy risk category of a drug gauges the risk of birth defects or teratogenic effects.

Rationale 2: Although most drugs have more detrimental effects in the first trimester, they can have teratogenic

effects throughout the pregnancy.

Rationale 3: This statement does not answer the client’s question. The client could be asking about an over-the-

counter drug as well.

Rationale 4: Although it is best to limit the amount of drugs taken during pregnancy, there are some drugs that

are safe to take when pregnant and that do not have teratogenic effects.

Global Rationale: The pregnancy risk category of a drug gauges the risk of birth defects or teratogenic effects.

Although most drugs have more detrimental effects in the first trimester, they can have teratogenic effects

throughout the pregnancy. Telling the client that the health care provider ordered the medication and, therefore, it

should be okay does not answer the client’s question. The client could be asking about an over-the-counter drug

as well. Although it is best to limit the amount of drugs taken during pregnancy, there are some drugs that are safe

to take when pregnant and that do not have teratogenic effects.

Cognitive Level: ApplyingAdams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: III.A.2 Describe EBP to include the components of research evidence, clinical expertise

and patient/family values.

AACN Essential Competencies: III.1. Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice and research

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-6 Explain why certain drugs with carcinogenic or teratogenic potential are used in

pharmacotherapy.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.1 Apply basic concepts related to pharmacology.

Page Number:

Question 11

Type: MCSA

A client is prescribed a chemotherapeutic drug for treatment of leukemia and asks the nurse why a drug that can

also cause cancer is being used to treat cancer. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

1. “The incidence of carcinogenic effects is really quite small, and you shouldn’t be concerned about it.”

2. “Since you are receiving such potent drugs, they have to warn of you of every possible side effect.”

3. “The risk for causing another cancer is there, but sometimes the benefit of the treatment outweighs the risks.”

4. “The carcinogenic effects often do not show up for a few decades, and we want to cure this leukemia now.”

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale 1: The incidence of carcinogenic drugs differs among drugs and is not always predictable.

Rationale 2: This response does not answer the client’s question.

Rationale 3: The benefits of treatment sometimes do outweigh the risks; this provides an honest answer to the

client.

Rationale 4: Although carcinogenic effects often do not show up for 20 or more years, this is not the best

explanation.

Global Rationale: The benefits of treatment sometimes do outweigh the risks; this provides an honest answer to

the client. The incidence of carcinogenic drugs differs among drugs and is not always predictable. Telling the

client that receiving potent drugs warrants a warning does not answer the client’s question. Although carcinogenic

effects often do not show up for 20 or more years, this is not the best explanation.

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

and patient/family values.

AACN Essential Competencies: III.1. Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice and research

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 5-6 Explain why certain drugs with carcinogenic or teratogenic potential are used in

pharmacotherapy.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.1 Apply basic concepts related to pharmacology.

Page Number:

Question 12

Type: MCSA

The nurse determines that the client is most at risk for renal toxicity while receiving an aminoglycoside anti-

infective when which diagnostic lab result is abnormal?

1. Kidney function test

2. White blood cell count

3. Liver function test

4. Platelet count

Correct Answer: 1

Rationale 1: Abnormal kidney function tests would indicate kidney impairment.

Rationale 2: An elevated WBC is indicative of inflammation or infection.

Rationale 3: An elevated liver function test indicates liver impairment.

Rationale 4: An abnormal platelet count would indicate a bleeding problem.

Global Rationale: Abnormal kidney function tests would indicate kidney impairment. An elevated WBC is

indicative of inflammation or infection. An elevated liver function test indicates liver impairment. An abnormal

platelet count would indicate a bleeding problem.

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: IV.1. Demonstrate skills in using patient care technologies, information systems, and

communication devices that support safe nursing practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient careAdams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Learning Outcome: 5-7 Report the characteristic signs, symptoms, and treatment for each of the following

organ-specific adverse events: nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, dermatologic toxicity, bone marrow

toxicity, cardiotoxicity, and skeletal muscle toxicity.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.4 Examine adverse effects of medication administration and risk reduction

measures taken by the nurse.

Page Number:

Question 13

Type: MCSA

A client on long-term therapy with itraconazole (Sporanox) for treatment of a nail fungus is admitted to the

hospital with right upper quadrant pain, nausea, and abdominal pain. Which laboratory results found in the

medical record would support the diagnosis of hepatotoxicity?

1. Elevated liver function tests

2. Elevated creatinine levels

3. Decreased blood sugar

4. Decreased prothrombin time

Correct Answer: 1

Rationale 1: Elevated liver function tests, which include the enzymes ALT and AST, are indicative of liver

inflammation and/or impaired function of the liver.

Rationale 2: Elevated creatinine levels are indicative of impaired renal function.

Rationale 3: A decreased blood sugar indicates hypoglycemia, which has many causes, but is not related to

hepatotoxicity.

Rationale 4: Impaired liver function would cause an increased or prolonged prothrombin time.

Global Rationale: Elevated liver function tests, which include the enzymes ALT and AST, are indicative of liver

inflammation and/or impaired function of the liver. Elevated creatinine levels are indicative of impaired renal

function. A decreased blood sugar indicates hypoglycemia, which has many causes, but is not related to

hepatotoxicity. Impaired liver function would cause an increased or prolonged prothrombin time.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: IV.1. Demonstrate skills in using patient care technologies, information systems, and

communication devices that support safe nursing practice

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-7 Report the characteristic signs, symptoms, and treatment for each of the following

organ-specific adverse events: nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, dermatologic toxicity, bone marrow

toxicity, cardiotoxicity, and skeletal muscle toxicity.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.4 Examine adverse effects of medication administration and risk reduction

measures taken by the nurse.

Page Number:

Question 14

Type: MCSA

The nurse plans to monitor a client for dermatologic toxicities after administering which medication?

1. Salicylates

2. Antiseizure drugs

3. Antithyroid drugs

4. Loop diuretic

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale 1: Salicylates are associated with neurotoxicity.

Rationale 2: Antiseizure drugs are associated with dermatologic toxicity.

Rationale 3: Antithyroid drugs are associated with bone marrow toxicity.

Rationale 4: Loop diuretics are associated with neurotoxicity.

Global Rationale: Antiseizure drugs are associated with dermatologic toxicity. Salicylates are associated with

neurotoxicity. Antithyroid drugs are associated with bone marrow toxicity. Loop diuretics are associated with

neurotoxicity.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: IV.1. Demonstrate skills in using patient care technologies, information systems, and

communication devices that support safe nursing practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

organ-specific adverse events: nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, dermatologic toxicity, bone marrow

toxicity, cardiotoxicity, and skeletal muscle toxicity.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.4 Examine adverse effects of medication administration and risk reduction

measures taken by the nurse.

Page Number:

Question 15

Type: MCSA

When checking on the potential interactions of two drugs being administered at the same time, the nurse

recognizes which principle?

1. Drug–drug interactions are more serious than drug–food interactions.

2. All drugs will have some type of interaction.

3. Drug interactions should always be avoided.

4. Some drug interactions can produce therapeutic effects.

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: Drug–food interactions can be just as serious as drug–drug interactions.

Rationale 2: Although most drugs do have some type of interaction, it is possible that a drug might not have any.

Rationale 3: Therapeutic drug interactions do not need to be avoided.

Rationale 4: The combination of some drugs can produce a synergistic or additive effect, which often are

therapeutic in nature.

Global Rationale: The combination of some drugs can produce a synergistic or additive effect, which often are

therapeutic in nature. Drug–food interactions can be just as serious as drug–drug interactions. Although most

drugs do have some type of interaction, it is possible that a drug might not have any. Therapeutic drug interactions

do not need to be avoided.

Cognitive Level: Understanding

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: II.7. Promote factors that create a culture of safety and caring

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-8 Use examples to explain the importance of drug interactions to pharmacotherapy.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.2 Apply key principles related to safe drug administration.Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Question 16

Type: MCSA

A client is receiving an antiviral drug that is a substrate of the CYP3A4 enzyme system. When a drug that is an

inhibitor of the 3A4 system is added to the client’s regimen, the nurse should assess the client for which result?

1. Toxicity of the antiviral drug

2. No change in viral-related symptoms

3. A decrease in the antiviral drug side effects

4. An increase in viral load

Correct Answer: 1

Rationale 1: The drug inhibitor will interact with the antiviral drug and inhibit metabolism of it, resulting in

accumulation of the drug with possible toxic effects.

Rationale 2: A change in viral-related symptoms could occur, since the level of antiviral drug is increased.

Rationale 3: An increase in side effects of the antiviral drug could occur, since more of the drug will remain in

the bloodstream.

Rationale 4: Since the serum level of the antiviral drug will be elevated, the viral load might decrease, not

increase.

Global Rationale: The drug inhibitor will interact with the antiviral drug and inhibit metabolism of it, resulting in

accumulation of the drug with possible toxic effects. A change in viral-related symptoms could occur, since the

level of antiviral drug is increased. An increase in side effects of the antiviral drug could occur, since more of the

drug will remain in the bloodstream. Since the serum level of the antiviral drug will be elevated, the viral load

might decrease, not increase.

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes

AACN Essential Competencies: III.1. Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice and research

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-9 Describe the mechanisms of drug interactions that alter absorption, distribution,

metabolism, or excretion.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.3 Relate processes of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to the therapeutic

effect(s) of a drug.Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Question 17

Type: MCSA

A client is prescribed tetracycline for an infection. The nurse instructs the client to avoid which food to prevent a

possible drug-to-food interaction?

1. Citrus juices

2. Dairy products

3. Legumes

4. Beef

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale 1: Citrus juices will not cause drug interactions with tetracycline.

Rationale 2: The calcium in dairy products can interfere with the absorption of tetracycline, and so should not be

taken with the medication.

Rationale 3: Legumes will not cause drug interactions with tetracycline.

Rationale 4: Beef will not cause drug interactions with tetracycline.

Global Rationale: The calcium in dairy products can interfere with the absorption of tetracycline, and so should

not be taken with the medication. Citrus juices will not cause drug interactions with tetracycline. Legumes will

not cause drug interactions with tetracycline. Beef will not cause drug interactions with tetracycline.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.2. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic elements of the research process and

models for applying evidence to clinical practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 5-11 Identify examples of drug–food interactions that may impact pharmacotherapeutic

outcomes.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.3 Relate processes of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to the therapeutic

effect(s) of a drug.

Page Number:

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Type: MCSA

A client is scheduled to receive a diuretic and a beta blocker. The nurse determines the combination of these drugs

will have which effect on the client’s blood pressure?

1. Oppositional

2. Synergistic

3. Antagonistic

4. Additive

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: The drugs have different actions, but they do not oppose each other.

Rationale 2: The two drugs together might not have a greater effect than the effects of each drug used separately.

Rationale 3: The two drugs will not antagonize or cancel the actions of each other.

Rationale 4: The two drugs together have an additive effect on blood pressure. The diuretic will reduce blood

volume; the beta blocker will block vasoconstriction, causing a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance. These

two different actions will both help to reduce blood pressure.

Global Rationale: The two drugs together have an additive effect on blood pressure. The diuretic will reduce

blood volume; the beta blocker will block vasoconstriction, causing a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance.

These two different actions will both help to reduce blood pressure. The drugs have different actions, but they do

not oppose each other. The two drugs together might not have a greater effect than the effects of each drug used

separately. The two drugs will not antagonize or cancel the actions of each other.

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.1. Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice and research

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-10 Differentiate among additive, synergistic, and antagonistic drug interactions.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.2 Apply key principles related to safe drug administration.

Page Number:

Question 19

Type: MCSA

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

interaction, the nurse should remove which item from the client’s lunch tray?

1. Orange juice

2. Tomatoes

3. Coffee

4. Chocolate cake

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale 1: Orange juice will not cause a food–drug interaction with Cipro.

Rationale 2: Tomatoes will not cause a food–drug interaction with Cipro.

Rationale 3: Cipro may increase the stimulatory effects of caffeine.

Rationale 4: Chocolate cake will not cause a food–drug interaction with Cipro.

Global Rationale: Cipro may increase the stimulatory effects of caffeine. Orange juice will not cause a food–

drug interaction with Cipro. Tomatoes will not cause a food–drug interaction with Cipro. Chocolate cake will not

cause a food–drug interaction with Cipro.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.2. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic elements of the research process and

models for applying evidence to clinical practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-11 Identify examples of drug–food interactions that may impact pharmacotherapeutic

outcomes.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.2 Apply key principles related to safe drug administration.

Page Number:

Question 20

Type: MCSA

The nurse recognizes that which food on a client’s tray could cause a drug–food interaction with warfarin

(Coumadin)?

1. Banana

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

3. Iced tea

4. Spinach salad

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: A banana will not cause a food–drug interaction with warfarin (Coumadin).

Rationale 2: Toasted cheese will not cause a food–drug interaction with warfarin (Coumadin).

Rationale 3: Iced tea will not cause a food–drug interaction with warfarin (Coumadin).

Rationale 4: The vitamin K in the spinach can interfere with the action of warfarin (Coumadin) and prolong

bleeding time.

Global Rationale: The vitamin K in the spinach can interfere with the action of warfarin (Coumadin) and prolong

bleeding time. A banana will not cause a food–drug interaction with warfarin (Coumadin). Toasted cheese will

not cause a food–drug interaction with warfarin (Coumadin). Iced tea will not cause a food–drug interaction with

warfarin (Coumadin).

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.2. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic elements of the research process and

models for applying evidence to clinical practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-11 Identify examples of drug–food interactions that may impact pharmacotherapeutic

outcomes.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.2 Apply key principles related to safe drug administration.

Page Number:

Question 21

Type: MCSA

The nurse is conducting medication teaching for a client recently prescribed a calcium channel blocker. Which

food will the nurse caution the client to avoid when taking this medication?

1. Grapefruit and grapefruit juice

2. Coffee

3. Dairy productsAdams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Correct Answer: 1

Rationale 1: Grapefruit can enhance the absorption of calcium channel blockers, leading to elevated drug levels.

Rationale 2: Coffee can be taken with calcium channel blockers without risk of drug–food interactions.

Rationale 3: Dairy products can be taken with calcium channel blockers without risk of drug–food interactions.

Rationale 4: Green, leafy vegetables can be taken with calcium channel blockers without risk of drug–food

interactions.

Global Rationale: Grapefruit can enhance the absorption of calcium channel blockers, leading to elevated drug

levels. Coffee can be taken with calcium channel blockers without risk of drug–food interactions. Dairy products

can be taken with calcium channel blockers without risk of drug–food interactions. Green, leafy vegetables can be

taken with calcium channel blockers without risk of drug–food interactions.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.2. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic elements of the research process and

models for applying evidence to clinical practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 5-11 Identify examples of drug–food interactions that may impact pharmacotherapeutic

outcomes.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.2 Apply key principles related to safe drug administration.

Page Number:

Question 22

Type: MCMA

A nurse is preparing care for a newly admitted client with diabetic mellitus. Which information would be critical

for the nurse to assess?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. Medical history

2. Current lab results

3. Medication allergiesAdams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

5. Number of previous hospitalizations

Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4

Rationale 1: Medical history may reveal conditions that contraindicate the use of certain drugs.

Rationale 2: Current lab results may reveal important information about the health of organs, such as the kidneys

and liver, which would be important to metabolism and excretion of drugs.

Rationale 3: Allergies to one drug may cross over to another drug and would need to be avoided.

Rationale 4: Some dietary supplements can interact with drugs.

Rationale 5: While this is good information, it is not critical to this admission.

Global Rationale: Medical history may reveal conditions that contraindicate the use of certain drugs. Current lab

results may reveal important information about the health of organs, such as the kidneys and liver, which would

be important to metabolism and excretion of drugs. Allergies to one drug may cross over to another drug and

would need to be avoided. Some dietary supplements can interact with drugs. While the number of previous

hospitalizations is good information, it is not critical to this admission.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: I.B.3 Provide patient-centered care with sensitivity and respect for the diversity of human experience

AACN Essential Competencies: III.6. Integrate evidence, clinical judgment, interprofessional perspectives and patient

preferences in planning, implementing, and evaluating outcomes of care

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-2 Create a plan to minimize or prevent adverse drug events in patients.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.4 Examine adverse effects of medication administration and risk reduction

measures taken by the nurse.

Page Number:

Question 23

Type: MCMA

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with acute asthma who is taking several medications. The nurse would

suspect a common adverse drug effect when the client exhibits which symptoms?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. HeadacheAdams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

3. Vomiting

4. Changes in blood pressure

5. Loss of hearing

Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4

Rationale 1: Headache is a common adverse effect of some medications.

Rationale 2: Nausea is a common adverse effect of some medications.

Rationale 3: Vomiting is a common adverse effect of some medications.

Rationale 4: Changes in blood pressure is a common adverse effect of some medications.

Rationale 5: Loss of hearing would be considered a serious adverse effect, not a common one.

Global Rationale: Headache, nausea, vomiting, and changes in blood pressure are common adverse effects of

some medications. Loss of hearing would be considered a serious adverse effect, not a common one.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: I.B.3 Provide patient-centered care with sensitivity and respect for the diversity of human experience

AACN Essential Competencies: III.6. Integrate evidence, clinical judgment, interprofessional perspectives and patient

preferences in planning, implementing, and evaluating outcomes of care

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-2 Create a plan to minimize or prevent adverse drug events in patients.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.4 Examine adverse effects of medication administration and risk reduction

measures taken by the nurse.

Page Number:

Question 24

Type: MCMA

A nurse is caring for a client who may be experiencing an allergic response to medication. The nurse bases the

assessment on which information?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

2. Drug allergy symptoms may appear the same as common allergies to other substances, such as environmental

triggers.

3. It is important to determine the source of the allergy.

4. Nausea and vomiting are the most common drug allergy symptoms.

5. Drug allergies require previous exposure.

Correct Answer: 1,2,3,5

Rationale 1: Symptoms of drug allergies may range from skin rash to difficulty breathing.

Rationale 2: The symptoms of drug allergies may appear the same as common allergic triggers.

Rationale 3: It is important to determine the source of the allergic response in an effort to avoid it in the future.

Rationale 4: Nausea and vomiting are not caused by an overactive immune system and are therefore not truly

allergic responses.

Rationale 5: Previous exposure to the allergic drug is required for a hyperimmune response.

Global Rationale: Symptoms of drug allergies may range from skin rash to difficulty breathing. The symptoms

of drug allergies may appear the same as common allergic triggers. It is important to determine the source of the

allergic response in an effort to avoid it in the future. Previous exposure to the allergic drug is required for a

hyperimmune response. Nausea and vomiting are not caused by an overactive immune system and are therefore

not truly allergic responses.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: II.7. Promote factors that create a culture of safety and caring

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-4 Describe the incidence and characteristics of drug allergies.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.1 Apply basic concepts related to pharmacology.

Page Number:

Question 25

Type: MCMA

A nurse teaching a prenatal class is reinforcing precautions concerning the use of medications during pregnancy.

The nurse determines the class understands when the students make which comments?

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. “There are some medications I cannot take because I am pregnant and they could hurt my baby.”

2. “I need to check with my doctor before I take any medication because some drugs can hurt my baby.”

3. “I should consider all drugs to be harmful to my baby unless my doctor tells me it is okay.”

4. “I have to be very careful to let all my health providers know that I am pregnant before they prescribe

medications for me.”

5. “Once I am halfway through my pregnancy, I won’t need to worry about taking over-the-counter medications

because the baby will be more fully-formed.”

Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4

Rationale 1: The pregnant client should consider all drugs are dangerous during pregnancy, unless her health care

provider tells her otherwise.

Rationale 2: The pregnant client should always consult her health care provider before taking any medication.

Rationale 3: The pregnant client should consider all drugs to be dangerous during pregnancy unless her health

care provider tells her otherwise.

Rationale 4: The pregnant client should consider all drugs to be dangerous during pregnancy unless her health

care provider tells her otherwise.

Rationale 5: The pregnant client should consider all drugs to be dangerous during pregnancy unless her health

care provider tells her otherwise.

Global Rationale: The pregnant client should consider all drugs are dangerous during pregnancy, unless her

health care provider tells her otherwise. The pregnant client should always consult her health care provider before

taking any medication.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: III.A.2 Describe EBP to include the components of research evidence, clinical expertise

and patient/family values.

AACN Essential Competencies: III.1. Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice and research

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-6 Explain why certain drugs with carcinogenic or teratogenic potential are used in

pharmacotherapy.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.1 Apply basic concepts related to pharmacology.

Page Number:

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Type: MCMA

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking a drug known to cause nephrotoxicity. Which interventions are

appropriate to prevent drug-induced nephrotoxicity?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. Encouraging hydration

2. Monitoring diagnostic lab tests for changes in kidney function

3. Identifying drugs that affect kidneys and discuss adjusting doses

4. Determining whether the client has kidney impairment

5. Providing proper nutrition

Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4

Rationale 1: Encouraging proper hydration will help to protect the kidneys by improving excretion of drugs.

Rationale 2: It is important to monitor lab tests for any indication that a nephrotoxic drug is having an adverse

effect on the kidneys.

Rationale 3: It is important to recognize drugs that affect the kidneys, monitor lab values, and adjust doses if

needed.

Rationale 4: Identifying present kidney impairment will allow the provider to adjust any nephrotoxic drug doses,

which will minimize the strain on the kidney.

Rationale 5: Providing proper nutrition will not prevent drug-induced kidney problems.

Global Rationale: Providing proper nutrition will not prevent drug-induced kidney problems. Encouraging

proper hydration will help to protect the kidneys by improving excretion of drugs. It is important to monitor lab

tests for any indication that a nephrotoxic drug is having an adverse effect on the kidneys. It is important to

recognize drugs that affect the kidneys, monitor lab values, and adjust doses if needed. Identifying present kidney

impairment will allow the provider to adjust any nephrotoxic drug doses, which will minimize the strain on the

kidney.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and qualityAdams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

communication devices that support safe nursing practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 5-7 Report the characteristic signs, symptoms, and treatment for each of the following

organ-specific adverse events: nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, dermatologic toxicity, bone marrow

toxicity, cardiotoxicity, and skeletal muscle toxicity.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.3 Relate processes of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to the therapeutic

effect(s) of a drug.

Page Number:

Question 27

Type: MCMA

A nurse caring for a client taking a drug that can cross the blood-brain barrier determines the client is

experiencing possible neurotoxicity when which symptoms are observed?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. Visual changes

2. Loss of balance

3. Sedation

4. Depression

5. Nausea and vomiting

Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4

Rationale 1: Symptoms of neurotoxicity may include visual changes.

Rationale 2: Symptoms of neurotoxicity may include loss of balance.

Rationale 3: Symptoms of neurotoxicity may include drowsiness.

Rationale 4: Symptoms of neurotoxicity may include depression.

Rationale 5: Nausea and vomiting is a symptom of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

Global Rationale: Symptoms of neurotoxicity may include visual changes, loss of balance, sedation, and

depression. Nausea and vomiting is a symptom of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

Cognitive Level: ApplyingAdams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: IV.1. Demonstrate skills in using patient care technologies, information systems, and

communication devices that support safe nursing practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-7 Report the characteristic signs, symptoms, and treatment for each of the following

organ-specific adverse events: nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, dermatologic toxicity, bone marrow

toxicity, cardiotoxicity, and skeletal muscle toxicity.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.3 Relate processes of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to the therapeutic

effect(s) of a drug.

Page Number:

Question 28

Type: MCMA

A nurse is caring for a client recently prescribed an oral antibiotic who is exhibiting signs of dermatologic

toxicity. Which assessment findings support dermatologic toxicity?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. Rash

2. Itching

3. Urticaria

4. Sunburn

5. Photosensitivity

Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4

Rationale 1: Rash is a common hypersensitivity response.

Rationale 2: Itching is a common hypersensitivity response.

Rationale 3: Hives are common in a hypersensitive response.

Rationale 4: Certain drugs can cause the skin to be sensitive to the sun, resulting in sunburn.

Rationale 5: Photosensitivity is light-sensitive reaction to medication and is not considered a dermatologic

response.Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

skin to be sensitive to the sun, resulting in sunburn. Photosensitivity is light-sensitive reaction to medication and

is not considered a dermatologic response.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: IV.1. Demonstrate skills in using patient care technologies, information systems, and

communication devices that support safe nursing practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-7 Report the characteristic signs, symptoms, and treatment for each of the following

organ-specific adverse events: nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, dermatologic toxicity, bone marrow

toxicity, cardiotoxicity, and skeletal muscle toxicity.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.3 Relate processes of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to the therapeutic

effect(s) of a drug.

Page Number:

Question 29

Type: MCMA

A nurse is planning care for a client taking a medication with the potential to cause bone marrow toxicity. Which

interventions exemplify the nurse’s role in preventing complications?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. Assess the client for signs and symptoms of infection.

2. Assess the client for signs and symptoms of anemia.

3. Monitor the client for signs and symptoms of fatigue.

4. Monitor the client for evidence of bruising.

5. Monitor the client for insomnia.

Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4

Rationale 1: Bone marrow toxic drugs can affect the production of white blood cells.

Rationale 2: Bone marrow toxic drugs can affect the production of red blood cells.

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Rationale 4: Bone marrow toxic drugs can affect the production of platelets.

Rationale 5: Bone marrow toxic drugs do not affect sleep.

Global Rationale: Bone marrow toxic drugs can affect the production of white blood cells, red blood cells, and

platelets. The affect on the red blood cells can cause fatigue. Bone marrow toxic drugs do not affect sleep.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: IV.1. Demonstrate skills in using patient care technologies, information systems, and

communication devices that support safe nursing practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-7 Report the characteristic signs, symptoms, and treatment for each of the following

organ-specific adverse events: nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, dermatologic toxicity, bone marrow

toxicity, cardiotoxicity, and skeletal muscle toxicity.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.3 Relate processes of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to the therapeutic

effect(s) of a drug.

Page Number:

Question 30

Type: MCMA

The nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed laxatives. Which statements are most relevant to the absorption

of medications?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. Drugs that increase peristalsis may decrease absorption.

2. Drugs that decrease peristalsis may increase absorption.

3. The presence of food will usually decrease absorption.

4. Drug–drug interactions that affect absorption may be prevented by taking the drugs 2 hours apart.

5. Increasing fluid intake will increase absorption.

Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Rationale 2: The longer the drug is exposed to the stomach lining and small intestine, the greater the time of

absorption.

Rationale 3: Absorption is increased when the stomach is empty.

Rationale 4: Many drug–drug interactions that cause decreased absorption can be avoided by separating the drugs

by 2 to 3 hours.

Rationale 5: Increasing fluid intake will not affect absorption.

Global Rationale: The less time drugs stay in the stomach or small intestine, the less the time of absorption. The

longer the drug is exposed to the stomach lining and small intestine, the greater the time of absorption. Absorption

is increased when the stomach is empty. Many drug–drug interactions that cause decreased absorption can be

avoided by separating the drugs by 2 to 3 hours. Increasing fluid intake will not affect absorption.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes

AACN Essential Competencies: III.1. Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice and research

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 5-9 Describe the mechanisms of drug interactions that alter absorption, distribution,

metabolism, or excretion.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.3 Relate processes of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to the therapeutic

effect(s) of a drug.

Page Number:

Question 31

Type: MCMA

The nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted for uncontrolled hypertension. When the health care

provider orders a second antihypertensive drug for the client, the client asks the nurse why the health care

provider ordered another drug instead of increasing the first drug. The nurse’s response is based on which

principles?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. A second drug from the same class is added to prevent the dose of the first drug from being increased.

2. Adding a second drug may allow both drugs to be used at a lower dose.

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

4. Adding the second drug will result in the diminished response of the first drug, which will increase the effects.

5. It is important to counteract the increased dose with another drug to decrease the potential for adverse effects.

Correct Answer: 1,2,3

Rationale 1: Keeping both doses low and taking advantage of an additive effect reduces the potential for adverse

effects.

Rationale 2: Keeping both doses low and taking advantage of an additive effect reduces the potential for adverse

effects.

Rationale 3: The two drugs will affect different receptor site to achieve the same goal, resulting in a greater

response but at lower doses.

Rationale 4: Adding a second drug that has an antagonistic effect will result in canceling out the therapeutic

effects of the first drug.

Rationale 5: Adding a second drug within the same class or from another class will allow lower dosing, which

will decrease the potential for adverse effects.

Global Rationale: Keeping both doses low and taking advantage of an additive effect reduces the potential for

adverse effects. The two drugs will affect different receptor site to achieve the same goal, resulting in a greater

response but at lower doses. Adding a second drug that has an antagonistic effect will result in canceling out the

therapeutic effects of the first drug and also increase the potential for adverse effects.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.1. Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice and research

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 5-10 Differentiate among additive, synergistic, and antagonistic drug interactions.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.2 Apply key principles related to safe drug administration.

Page Number:

Question 32

Type: MCMA

A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions concerning food–drug interactions. Which statements by the client

indicate correct understanding of the discharge instructions?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

1. “I should take my medications with water to avoid any problems with my medications being absorbed.”

2. “I cannot take one of my medications with grapefruit juice because it will decrease the absorption of the

medication.”

3. “I need to be sure to read the prescription label because the pharmacist will indicate if I need to take my

medication with food or without food.”

4. “I should take my daily vitamin 2 hours after my medication so they do not affect each other.”

5. “If I take my medication with hot tea, it will not affect absorption.”

Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4

Rationale 1: The safest fluid to take with medications is water.

Rationale 2: Grapefruit juice can increase absorption of certain drugs and should be avoided.

Rationale 3: The pharmacist will indicate on the medication label if the medication should be taken with or

without food.

Rationale 4: Herbal supplements and vitamins can cause adverse effects when taken with medication.

Rationale 5: Taking medication with caffeine or a hot drink can affect absorption and the effectiveness of

medication.

Global Rationale: The safest fluid to take with medications is water. Grapefruit juice can increase absorption of

certain drugs and should be avoided. The pharmacist will indicate on the medication label if the medication

should be taken with or without food. Herbal supplements and vitamins can cause adverse effects when taken with

medication. Taking medication with caffeine or a hot drink can affect absorption and the effectiveness of

medication.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.2. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic elements of the research process and

models for applying evidence to clinical practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-11 Identify examples of drug–food interactions that may impact pharmacotherapeutic

outcomes.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.3 Relate processes of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to the therapeutic

effect(s) of a drug

Page Number:

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Type: MCMA

A client reports an adverse effect to the Adverse Event Reporting System. The nurse recognizes if a potential

safety concern is identified, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) may take which actions?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. Determine the extent of the safety concern by conducting additional studies

2. Require changes be made to the product’s labeling information

3. Recall the product

4. Restrict the product’s use in certain populations

5. Continue to log in public concerns regarding the safety of the product before taking further action

Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4

Rationale 1: The FDA will conduct additional epidemiologic studies to determine the validity or extent of the

concern.

Rationale 2: The FDA will require the pharmaceutical company to change the product’s label to reflect this

concern.

Rationale 3: The FDA will recall a product that may have performance concerns.

Rationale 4: The FDA will restrict the product’s use in certain populations.

Rationale 5: The FDA will not just continue to log in concerns regarding the safety of the product. At this point,

additional studies, additional product labeling, recall, or removal of the product will occur.

Global Rationale: The FDA will conduct additional epidemiologic studies to determine the validity or extent of

the concern, require the pharmaceutical company to change the product’s label to reflect this concern, recall a

product that may have performance issues, and restrict the product’s use in certain populations. The FDA will not

just continue to log in concerns regarding the safety of the product. At this point, additional studies, additional

product labeling, recall, or removal of the product will occur.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

communication devices that support safe nursing practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 5-3 Explain the advantages and disadvantages of the Adverse Event Reporting System.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.4 Examine adverse effects of medication administration and risk reduction

measures taken by the nurse.

Page Number:

Question 34

Type: MCMA

The nurse is planning care for a client newly diagnosed with emphysema who complains that the medication is

causing a “shaky” feeling. What does the nurse recognize this to be?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. A predictable side effect of the medication

2. An annoying side effect of the medication

3. A dose-dependent side effect of the medication

4. An allergic response to the medication

5. A serious adverse effect of the medication

Correct Answer: 1,2,3

Rationale 1: Many drugs used for emphysema cause nervousness, which may result in the client feeling unsteady.

Rationale 2: Many drugs used for emphysema cause annoying sides effects such as nervousness, which may

result in the client feeling unsteady.

Rationale 3: Many drugs used for emphysema cause side effects such as nervousness, resulting in the client

feeling unsteady. This side effect is often dose dependent.

Rationale 4: The nurse recognizes that unsteadiness is a common symptom. It does not have the characteristics of

an allergic response, such as hives and swelling.

Rationale 5: The nurse recognizes that unsteadiness is a common symptom, not a serious adverse effect.

Global Rationale: Many drugs used for emphysema cause nervousness, which may result in the client feeling

unsteady. Many drugs used for emphysema cause annoying sides effects such as nervousness, which may result in

the client feeling unsteady. This side effect is often dose dependent. The nurse recognizes that unsteadiness is aAdams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

nurse recognizes that unsteadiness is a common symptom, not a serious adverse effect.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.1. Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice and research

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-1 Differentiate between adverse effects and side effects.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.4 Examine adverse effects of medication administration and risk reduction

measures taken by the nurse.

Page Number:

Question 35

Type: MCMA

A client is prescribed tetracycline for acne. Which foods should the nurse ask the client to avoid while taking this

medication?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. Milk

2. Almonds

3. Ice cream

4. Hamburgers

5. Grapefruit juice

Correct Answer: 1,3

Rationale 1: Milk products contain calcium, which will decrease absorption.

Rationale 2: Almonds are not a source of calcium.

Rationale 3: Milk products decrease absorption.

Rationale 4: Hamburgers do not contain calcium and will not have an effect on absorption.

Rationale 5: Grapefruit juice does not decrease absorption.Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

calcium. Hamburgers do not contain calcium and will not have an effect on absorption. Grapefruit juice does not

decrease absorption.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.2. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic elements of the research process and

models for applying evidence to clinical practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 5-11 Identify examples of drug–food interactions that may impact pharmacotherapeutic

outcomes.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.3 Relate processes of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to the therapeutic

effect(s) of a drug

Page Number:

Question 36

Type: MCMA

A client returns to the clinic for follow up after taking a newly prescribed medication for a month. The nurse

recognizes medication teaching was successful when the client makes which statement?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. “I’ve been taking my medication on an empty stomach, like the prescription label said to do.”

2. “I always take my medication with a full glass of water.”

3. “I’m not drinking any alcohol close to the time that I take my medication.”

4. “I switched all my medications to one pharmacy, like you suggested.”

5. “I was glad I could take my medications and supplements together. I don’t really like to take a lot of pills

during the day.”

Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4

Rationale 1: Some medications must be taken on an empty stomach. It is important to know if the medication

should be taken with food or on an empty stomach.

Rationale 2: Taking medications with water will decrease the chance of an interaction that can occur with other

juices or fluids.Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Rationale 4: Filling all prescriptions at the same pharmacy will assist the pharmacist in comparing current and

new medications for interactions.

Rationale 5: It is best not to take herbal supplements and vitamins with prescribed medications to avoid

interactions.

Global Rationale: Some medications must be taken on an empty stomach. It is important to know if the

medication should be taken with food or on an empty stomach. Taking medications with water will decrease the

chance of an interaction that can occur with other juices or fluids. Alcohol can cause adverse interactions with

medications. Filling all prescriptions at the same pharmacy will assist the pharmacist in comparing current and

new medications for interactions. It is best not to take herbal supplements and vitamins with prescribed

medications to avoid interactions.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.2. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic elements of the research process and

models for applying evidence to clinical practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation

Learning Outcome: 5-11 Identify examples of drug–food interactions that may impact pharmacotherapeutic

outcomes.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.3 Relate processes of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to the therapeutic

effect(s) of a drug

Page Number:

Question 37

Type: MCMA

A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting signs of an adverse reaction to warfarin (Coumadin). Which

statements made by the client would lead the nurse to suspect that this is the case?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. “I’m from the South, and we have buttermilk almost every meal.”

2. “I was suffering so much from hot flashes until my friend told me to try an herb called St. John’s wort. I don’t

seem to have as many symptoms as before.”

3. “My husband makes me put garlic in everything! He heard it helps keep our blood pressure normal.”

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

5. “I was having difficulty sleeping a couple months ago, and my neighbor recommended I try kava. It seems to

calm my nerves.”

Correct Answer: 2,3,4

Rationale 1: Calcium products do not affect the action of warfarin.

Rationale 2: St. Johns’s wort may increase the risk for bleeding when taken with warfarin.

Rationale 3: Garlic may increase the risk for bleeding when taken with warfarin.

Rationale 4: Ginkgo may increase the risk for bleeding when taken with warfarin.

Rationale 5: Kava can increase drowsiness and sedation when taken with CNS depressants. It does not interact

with warfarin.

Global Rationale: St. Johns’s wort may increase the risk for bleeding when taken with warfarin. Garlic may

increase the risk for bleeding when taken with warfarin. Ginkgo may increase the risk for bleeding when taken

with warfarin. Calcium products do not affect the action of warfarin. Kava can increase drowsiness and sedation

when taken with CNS depressants. It does not interact with warfarin.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.2. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic elements of the research process and

models for applying evidence to clinical practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-11 Identify examples of drug–food interactions that may impact pharmacotherapeutic

outcomes.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.3 Relate processes of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to the therapeutic

effect(s) of a drug

Page Number:

Question 38

Type: MCSA

A client is admitted to the emergency department in a hypertensive crisis. The client’s spouse said the client ate

food containing tyramine. The nurse immediately rules out which types of drugs as the cause of the client’s

hypertensive crisis?

1. Tetracycline

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

3. Calcium channel blockers

4. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: Foods with tyramine are not restricted in Tetracycline.

Rationale 2: Foods with tyramine are not restricted with warfarin (Coumadin).

Rationale 3: Foods with tyramine are not restricted with calcium channel blockers.

Rationale 4: Foods with tyramine can cause hypertensive crisis when taken with MAOIs.

Global Rationale: Foods with tyramine can cause hypertensive crisis when taken with MAOIs. Foods with

tyramine are not restricted in Tetracycline, warfarin (Coumadin), or calcium channel blockers.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.2. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic elements of the research process and

models for applying evidence to clinical practice

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-11 Identify examples of drug–food interactions that may impact pharmacotherapeutic

outcomes.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.3 Relate processes of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to the therapeutic

effect(s) of a drug

Page Number:

Question 39

Type: MCMA

A nurse in the emergency department is preparing to care for a client suspected of an opiate overdose. The nurse

is preparing to give the client a medication called naloxone (Narcan). Which rationales support the use of this

medication?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. It reverses the effects of the overdose.

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

3. It has an additive effect.

4. It has a synergist effect.

5. It causes CNS depression.

Correct Answer: 1,2

Rationale 1: Narcan is an antagonist that will reverse the effects of an opiate overdose.

Rationale 2: Narcan is an antagonist.

Rationale 3: Narcan will not have an additive effect.

Rationale 4: Narcan will not have a synergist effect.

Rationale 5: Narcan reverses life-threatening CNS depression.

Global Rationale: Narcan is an antagonist that will reverse the effects of an opiate overdose. Narcan will not

have an additive effect or a synergistic effect. Narcan reverses life-threatening CNS depression.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: III.1. Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice and research

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning

Learning Outcome: 5-10 Differentiate among additive, synergistic, and antagonistic drug interactions.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.2 Apply key principles related to safe drug administration.

Page Number:

Question 40

Type: MCMA

The nurse would anticipate an alteration in drug excretion in clients with which conditions?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. Kidney disease

2. Heart diseaseAdams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

4. Asthma

5. Alzheimer disease

Correct Answer: 1,2

Rationale 1: Any condition which decreases or impairs glomerular filtration rate will decrease excretion of drugs

from the body.

Rationale 2: Glomerular filtration rate is directly related to cardiac output. Any heart disease that decreases

cardiac output will decrease excretion of drugs from the body.

Rationale 3: The quick transit of medication through the small intestines alters absorption, not metabolism.

Rationale 4: The lungs do not metabolize drugs.

Rationale 5: Alzheimer disease will not affect the metabolism of drugs.

Global Rationale: Any condition which decreases or impairs glomerular filtration rate will decrease excretion of

drugs from the body. Glomerular filtration rate is directly related to cardiac output. Any heart disease that

decreases cardiac output will decrease excretion of drugs from the body. The quick transit of medication through

the small intestines alters absorption, not metabolism. The lungs do not metabolize drugs. Alzheimer disease will

not affect the metabolism of drugs.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes

AACN Essential Competencies: III.1. Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice and research

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 5-9 Describe the mechanisms of drug interactions that alter absorption, distribution,

metabolism, or excretion.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.3 Relate processes of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to the therapeutic

effect(s) of a drug.

Page Number:

Question 41

Type: MCMA

The nurse would anticipate an alteration in drug absorption in clients with which conditions?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

1. Vomiting

2. Diabetes

3. Diarrhea

4. Asthma

5. Alzheimer disease

Correct Answer: 1,3,4

Rationale 1: The drug cannot be absorbed if it is vomited.

Rationale 2: Diabetes will not alter absorption; if the kidneys are impaired, it may alter excretion.

Rationale 3: The quick transit of medication through the small intestines may alter absorption.

Rationale 4: Bronchoconstriction could alter inhaled medications.

Rationale 5: Alzheimer disease will not affect the absorption of drugs.

Global Rationale: The drug cannot be absorbed if it is vomited. The quick transit of medication through the

small intestines may alter absorption. Bronchoconstriction could alter inhaled medications. Diabetes will not alter

absorption; if the kidneys are impaired, it may alter excretion. Alzheimer disease will not affect the absorption of

drugs.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes

AACN Essential Competencies: III.1. Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice and research

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 5-9 Describe the mechanisms of drug interactions that alter absorption, distribution,

metabolism, or excretion.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.3 Relate processes of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to the therapeutic

effect(s) of a drug.

Page Number:

Question 42

Type: MCMA

A nurse educator explaining drug allergies to students includes which statements in the teaching?

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. “Drug allergies occur with very small amounts of drug.”

2. “The symptoms of drug allergies are unrelated to the pharmacologic actions of the drug.”

3. “Drug allergies require a previous exposure to the drug.”

4. “The symptoms of a drug allergy are produced by an underactive response by the body’s defenses.”

5. “The severity of the allergic response is directly related to the dose of the drug.”

Correct Answer: 1,2,3

Rationale 1: Drug allergies can occur with very small amounts of drug.

Rationale 2: The symptoms of drug allergies are unrelated to the pharmacologic actions of the drug and are

attributed to the response of the body’s defenses.

Rationale 3: Drug allergies require a previous exposure to the drug or a similar drug.

Rationale 4: The symptoms of a drug allergy are produced by a hyper-response of the body’s defenses.

Rationale 5: The severity of the allergic response is unrelated to the dose of the drug.

Global Rationale: Drug allergies can occur with very small amounts of drug. The symptoms of drug allergies are

unrelated to the pharmacologic actions of the drug and are attributed to the response of the body’s defenses Drug

allergies require a previous exposure to the drug or a similar drug. The symptoms of a drug allergy are produced

by a hyper-response of the body’s defenses. The severity of the allergic response is unrelated to the dose of the

drug.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.B.1 Demonstrate effective use of technology and standardized practices that support

safety and quality

AACN Essential Competencies: II.7. Promote factors that create a culture of safety and caring

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe

patient care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 5-4 Describe the incidence and characteristics of drug allergies.

MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1.1 Apply basic concepts related to pharmacology.

Page Number:

Adams and Urban, Pharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 3e Test Bank

Pharmacology Connections to Nursing Practice 3rd Edition By Adams – Test Bank

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