Chapter 21 Cardiovascular Function

Chapter 21  Cardiovascular Function

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The nurse is teaching cardiovascular risk factors to a group of older adults. The nurse stresses that cigarette smokers are four times more likely to die of sudden cardiac death than nonsmokers because smoking:
a.
interferes with the development of collateral coronary vessels.
b.
produces coronary artery stricture.
c.
results in carbon monoxide poisoning.
d.
increases platelet aggregation.

ANS: D
Smoking increases platelet aggregation and causes coronary artery spasms. Nicotine increases blood pressure and cardiac demands. Carbon monoxide in tobacco smoke decreases the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. Smoking does not interfere with collateral circulation or produce strictures, but it may contribute to higher levels of carbon monoxide in the blood.

DIF: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 390 OBJ: 21-2
TOP: Teaching-Learning MSC: Health Promotion

2. When assessing an older, female, African American adult, the nurse notes that she has been a type 2 insulin-dependent diabetic 10 years. The nurse notes that the patient’s greatest risk for developing secondary hypertension is her:
a.
gender.
b.
ethnic origin.
c.
vascular system status.
d.
insulin therapy.

ANS: C
Secondary hypertension identified in the vascular system refers to elevated blood pressure caused by underlying disease such as renal artery disease, renal parenchymal disorders, endocrine and metabolic disorders, central nervous system (CNS) disorders, coarctation of the aorta, and increased intravascular volume. Gender, ethnic origin, and insulin are not diseases that cause hypertension.

DIF: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: Page 392 OBJ: 21-2
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity

3. When administering Lopressor to an older adult patient with hypertension, the nurse is careful to have the patient’s care plan include
a.
frequent assessment for dizziness or syncope.
b.
education of the signs and symptoms of thromboembolism.
c.
regular evaluation of the patient’s muscle strength.
d.
regularly scheduled serum potassium levels.

ANS: A
Dizziness is an adverse reaction to beta-blockers such as Lopressor.

DIF: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: Page 398 OBJ: 21-4
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity

4. The nurse educates the obese older adult patient that the single most important outcome that will affect cardiac health is:
a.
compliance with drug therapy.
b.
adherence to the DASH diet.
c.
20 minutes of exercise daily.
d.
a 10% reduction in weight.

ANS: D
A 10% reduction of total weight will decrease blood pressure in many overweight individuals. This factor has significance because it underscores the importance of weight reduction in the older adult population. The other factors are important but not as significant to overall cardiac health as is weight loss.

DIF: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 392 OBJ: 21-2
TOP: Teaching-Learning MSC: Health Promotion

5. To evaluate an older patient for possible renal failure as a result of chronic untreated hypertension, nurse prepares to:
a.
schedule an ultrasound.
b.
collect a urine sample.
c.
monitor intake and output.
d.
transport the patient to radiology.

ANS: B
A urinalysis will investigate for proteinuria or other signs of renal failure.

DIF: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: Page 393 OBJ: 21-3
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity