Chapter 03 Drug Action Across the Life Span

Chapter 03  Drug Action Across the Life Span

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. What time will the trough blood level need to be drawn if the nurse administers the intravenous medication dose at 9:00 AM?
a.
6:30 AM
b.
8:30 AM
c.
9:30 AM
d.
11:30 AM

ANS: B
Trough blood levels measure the lowest blood level of medicine and are obtained just before the dose is administered. In this case, 6:30 AM is too early to obtain the blood level. The other two times occur after the medication is administered.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 27 OBJ: 2
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
NOT: CONCEPT(S): Clinical Judgment; Safety

2. What will the nurse expect the health care provider’s order to be when starting an older adult patient on thyroid hormone replacement therapy?
a.
Administering a loading dose of the drug
b.
Directions on how to taper the drug
c.
A dosage that is one third to one half of the regular dosage
d.
A dosage that is double the regular dosage

ANS: C
To prevent toxicity, dosages for new medications in older adults should be one third to one half the amount of a standard adult dosage. Loading doses of drugs could cause severe toxicity. Tapering off is characteristic of discontinuation of medications and is not appropriate for this situation. Older adults generally need a lower medication dosage than younger patients.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 29 OBJ: 3
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
NOT: CONCEPT(S): Clinical Judgment; Safety; Patient Education; Development

3. Which drugs cause birth defects?
a.
Teratogens
b.
Carcinogens
c.
Metabolites
d.
Placebos

ANS: A
Teratogens are drugs that cause birth defects. Carcinogens cause cancer. Metabolites are the end product of metabolism. Placebos are drugs that have no pharmacologic activity.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 30 OBJ: 6
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
NOT: CONCEPT(S): Clinical Judgment; Safety; Patient Education; Development

4. Which life-threatening illness may occur as a result of aspirin (salicylate) administration during viral illness to patients younger than 20 years of age?
a.
Anaphylactic shock
b.
Reye’s syndrome
c.
Chickenpox
d.
Influenza A

ANS: B
Children are susceptible to Reye’s syndrome if they ingest aspirin at the time of or shortly after a viral infection of chickenpox or influenza. Anaphylactic shock is caused by a hypersensitivity reaction. Chickenpox is the result of being infected with a virus. Influenza A is caused by a pathogen.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 29 OBJ: 3
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
NOT: CONCEPT(S): Clinical Judgment; Safety; Patient Education; Development

5. Which classification of medications commonly causes allergic reactions in children?
a.
Antacids
b.
Analgesics
c.
Antibiotics
d.
Anticonvulsants

ANS: C
Antibiotics, especially penicillins, commonly cause allergic reactions in children. Intravenous antibiotics can cause rapid reactions; therefore, the pediatric patient’s response to a medication should be assessed and monitored closely. Antacids rarely cause allergic reactions. Children are not particularly allergic to analgesics or anticonvulsants.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 29 OBJ: 3
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
NOT: CONCEPT(S): Clinical Judgment; Safety: Patient Education; Development