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Sample Questions Posted Below

Chapter 05

Tissue Organization

True / False Questions

Epithelial tissue tends to be richly innervated and highly regenerative.
TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D01.03 Contrast the general features of the four major tissue types.
HAPS Topic: Module D01 Overview of histology & tissue types.
Learning Objective: 05.01.01 Describe the common features of epithelial tissue.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of epithelial tissue

Multiple Choice Questions

Which tissue type covers body surfaces and lines the inside of organs and body cavities?
A.Muscle
B. Connective
C. Epithelial
D. Nervous
E.

None of the choices is correct.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D01.03 Contrast the general features of the four major tissue types.
HAPS Topic: Module D01 Overview of histology & tissue types.
Learning Objective: 05.01.02 Explain the four functions that may be served by epithelial tissues.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Overview of histology and tissue types

In what tissue would you expect to find very little, if any, extracellular matrix?

Muscle tissue
B. Nervous tissue
C. Immune tissue
D. Epithelial tissue
E. Connective tissue

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: D01.03 Contrast the general features of the four major tissue types.
HAPS Topic: Module D01 Overview of histology & tissue types.
Learning Objective: 05.01.01 Describe the common features of epithelial tissue.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Overview of histology and tissue types

Which feature is not characteristic of epithelial tissue?
A.Polarity
B. Cells connected to each other by intercellular junctions
C. High regeneration capacity
D. Attachment to a basement membrane
E. Large amount of extracellular matrix

Which of the following is not a function of epithelial tissue?

Secretion
B. Physical protection
C. Selective permeability
D. Sensation
E. No exceptions; these are all functions of epithelial tissue

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D02.03 Describe the functions of each type of epithelial tissue in the human body and correlate function with structure for each tissue type.
HAPS Topic: Module D02 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of epithelial tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.01.02 Explain the four functions that may be served by epithelial tissues.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of epithelial tissue

Groups of similar cells and extracellular products that carry out a common function are called

organs.
B. organ systems.
C. matrices.
D. tissues.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D01.01 Define the term histology.
HAPS Topic: Module D01 Overview of histology & tissue types.
Learning Objective: 05.05.01 Define an organ.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Overview of histology and tissue types

Which is avascular (lacks blood vessels)?
A.Epithelial tissue
B. Muscle tissue
C. Nervous tissue
D. Connective tissue
E.

All of the choices are correct.

What specialized feature of an epithelium consists of a reticular lamina, a lamina densa, and a lamina lucida?
A. Microfilament
B. Desmosome
C. Fenestrated membrane
D. Basement membrane
E. Plasma membrane

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D02.01 Classify the different types of epithelial tissues based on distinguishing structural characteristics.
HAPS Topic: Module D02 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of epithelial tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.01.01 Describe the common features of epithelial tissue.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of epithelial tissue

A _____________ epithelium consists of a single layer of flattened cells attached directly to a basement membrane.
A. simple columnar
B. simple squamous
C. simple cuboidal
D. stratified squamous
E. stratified cuboidal

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D02.01 Classify the different types of epithelial tissues based on distinguishing structural characteristics.
HAPS Topic: Module D02 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of epithelial tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.01.03 Name the classes of epithelia based on cell layers and cell shapes.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of epithelial tissue

Which type of epithelium is composed of multiple layers, including an apical layer containing tall, slender cells?
A. Simple squamous
B. Simple columnar
C. Pseudostratified squamous
D. Stratified squamous
E. Stratified columnar

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: D02.01 Classify the different types of epithelial tissues based on distinguishing structural characteristics.
HAPS Topic: Module D02 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of epithelial tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.01.03 Name the classes of epithelia based on cell layers and cell shapes.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of epithelial tissue

The walls of kidney tubules are formed by _____________ epithelium, which functions in resorbing materials filtered from blood plasma such as nutrients, ions, and water.
A. simple cuboidal
B. simple squamous
C. stratified cuboidal
D. stratified squamous
E. stratified columnar

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D02.03 Describe the functions of each type of epithelial tissue in the human body and correlate function with structure for each tissue type.
HAPS Topic: Module D02 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of epithelial tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.01.04 Give examples of each type of epithelium.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of epithelial tissue

Fill in the Blank Questions

The tissue in which all cells contact the basement membrane, even though some appear (at first glance) to be stacked on top of others, is called ___________ columnar epithelium.

pseudostratified

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D02.01 Classify the different types of epithelial tissues based on distinguishing structural characteristics.
HAPS Topic: Module D02 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of epithelial tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.01.03 Name the classes of epithelia based on cell layers and cell shapes.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of epithelial tissue

In serving their roles as gatekeepers, epithelial tissues demonstrate selective __________.
permeability

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: D02.03 Describe the functions of each type of epithelial tissue in the human body and correlate function with structure for each tissue type.
HAPS Topic: Module D02 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of epithelial tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.01.02 Explain the four functions that may be served by epithelial tissues.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of epithelial tissue

Multiple Choice Questions

Which of the following is not lined by nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

Oral cavity
B. Pharynx
C. Vagina
D. Esophagus
E. Small intestine

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: D02.02 Describe locations in the body where each type of epithelial tissue can be found.
HAPS Topic: Module D02 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of epithelial tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.01.04 Give examples of each type of epithelium.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of epithelial tissue

Microscopic folds that extend from the apical surface of certain epithelia to increase the surface area for absorption and secretion are called

cilia.
B. microvilli.
C. flagella.
D. mucus.
E. desmosomes.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D02.03 Describe the functions of each type of epithelial tissue in the human body and correlate function with structure for each tissue type.
HAPS Topic: Module D02 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of epithelial tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.01.01 Describe the common features of epithelial tissue.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of epithelial tissue

If you gently rub your thumb and forefinger together, each finger is contacting

simple squamous epithelium.
B. keratinized simple squamous epithelium.
C. keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
D. nonkeratinized simple squamous epithelium.
E. nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium is found lining

portions of the respiratory system.
B. the larger blood vessels.
C. the oviduct.
D. large kidney tubules.
E. ducts of sweat glands.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D02.02 Describe locations in the body where each type of epithelial tissue can be found.
HAPS Topic: Module D02 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of epithelial tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.01.04 Give examples of each type of epithelium.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of epithelial tissue

The type of epithelium that lines the urinary bladder and may include some binucleated cells is called ____________ epithelium.
A. stratified squamous nonkeratinized
B. stratified squamous keratinized
C. pseudostratified
D. transitional
E. simple squamous

What type of epithelium would be most suited for high levels of diffusion and filtration?
A. Simple squamous
B. Stratified squamous
C. Pseudostratified
D. Transitional
E. Stratified columnar

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: D02.03 Describe the functions of each type of epithelial tissue in the human body and correlate function with structure for each tissue type.
HAPS Topic: Module D02 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of epithelial tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.01.03 Name the classes of epithelia based on cell layers and cell shapes.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of epithelial tissue

The lining of the air sacs in the lungs (alveoli) is comprised of what epithelium?
A. Simple squamous
B. Simple columnar
C. Simple cuboidal
D. Stratified squamous
E. Transitional

Which type of epithelial tissue would be the least protective?
A. Stratified keratinized
B. Stratified nonkeratinized
C. Simple columnar
D. Transitional
E. Simple squamous

Epithelial tissues have an attached (basal) border and a free (apical) border. This arrangement is known as

bilateral symmetry.
B. distal orientation.
C. polarity.
D. proximal orientation.
E. lateral flexibility.

True / False Questions

In nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue, the cells in the superficial layers are dead.
FALSE

Short Answer Questions

What is a gland?

The book defines glands as “either individual cells or multicellular organs composed predominantly of epithelial tissue. They secrete substances either for use elsewhere in the body or for elimination from the body. ”

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: D07.01 Distinguish between exocrine and endocrine glands, structurally and functionally.
HAPS Topic: Module D07 Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine).
Learning Objective: 05.01.05 Define glands.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine)

True / False Questions

Exocrine glands secrete hormones into the blood.
FALSE

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: D07.01 Distinguish between exocrine and endocrine glands, structurally and functionally.
HAPS Topic: Module D07 Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine).
Learning Objective: 05.01.06 Distinguish between endocrine and exocrine glands.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine)

Multiple Choice Questions

If you were to rub your finger over the surface of your face, you would notice that the skin is oily. What makes up the oil?

Waste material from cellular metabolism
B. Waste material (bilirubin) from dead red blood cells
C. Ruptured cells from sebaceous glands
D. Extracellular fluid not drained by the lymphatic system
E. Plasma leakage from damaged blood vessels

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D07.02 Identify example locations in the body of exocrine and endocrine glands.
HAPS Topic: Module D07 Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine).
Learning Objective: 05.01.07 List exocrine gland types based on both anatomic form and physiologic method of secretion.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine)

You would most likely find goblet cells in what type of tissue?
A. Cartilage
B. Nervous tissue
C. Muscle tissue
D. Bone
E. Epithelial tissue

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D07.02 Identify example locations in the body of exocrine and endocrine glands.
HAPS Topic: Module D07 Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine).
Learning Objective: 05.01.03 Name the classes of epithelia based on cell layers and cell shapes.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine)

If a person were unable to form saliva, what type of gland could be missing or malfunctioning?
A. Merocrine glands
B. Holocrine glands
C. Apocrine glands

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: D07.03 Classify the different kinds of exocrine glands based on structure and function.
HAPS Topic: Module D07 Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine).
Learning Objective: 05.01.07 List exocrine gland types based on both anatomic form and physiologic method of secretion.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

When mucin mixes with water, it becomes

fatty tissue.
B. solid.
C. mucus.
D. bone.
E. muscle.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D07.03 Classify the different kinds of exocrine glands based on structure and function.
HAPS Topic: Module D07 Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine).
Learning Objective: 05.01.03 Name the classes of epithelia based on cell layers and cell shapes.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine)

Which of the following is not secreted by glands?
A. Mucin
B. Hormones
C. DNA
D. Enzymes
E. Waste products

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D07.01 Distinguish between exocrine and endocrine glands, structurally and functionally.
HAPS Topic: Module D07 Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine).
Learning Objective: 05.01.05 Define glands.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine)

Endocrine glands
A. possess short ducts and secrete their products directly onto the skin surface.
B. lack ducts and secrete their products onto the skin surface.
C. possess ducts to secrete their products into the bloodstream or into interstitial fluid.
D. lack ducts and secrete their products into the bloodstream or into interstitial fluid.
E. secrete mucus directly into a body cavity.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: D07.01 Distinguish between exocrine and endocrine glands, structurally and functionally.
HAPS Topic: Module D07 Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine).
Learning Objective: 05.01.06 Distinguish between endocrine and exocrine glands.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine)

The type of exocrine gland in which the entire cell disintegrates, liberating any accumulated products, is the __________ gland.
A.apocrine
B. merocrine
C. goblet cell
D. holocrine
E.

None of the choices is correct.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D07.03 Classify the different kinds of exocrine glands based on structure and function.
HAPS Topic: Module D07 Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine).
Learning Objective: 05.01.07 List exocrine gland types based on both anatomic form and physiologic method of secretion.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine)

Endocrine glands secrete

sweat.
B. hormones.
C. saliva.
D. digestive enzymes.
E. All of the choices are correct.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D07.01 Distinguish between exocrine and endocrine glands, structurally and functionally.
HAPS Topic: Module D07 Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine).
Learning Objective: 05.01.06 Distinguish between endocrine and exocrine glands.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine)

An exocrine gland has two parts:

a duct and a basement membrane.
B. a basement membrane and a goblet cell.
C. a brush border and a glandular portion.
D. an acinus and a brush border.
E. a duct and a secretory portion.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D07.03 Classify the different kinds of exocrine glands based on structure and function.
HAPS Topic: Module D07 Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine).
Learning Objective: 05.01.06 Distinguish between endocrine and exocrine glands.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine)

Fill in the Blank Questions

Clusters of cells that make up the secretory portion of an exocrine gland are known as __________.
acini

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D07.03 Classify the different kinds of exocrine glands based on structure and function.
HAPS Topic: Module D07 Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine).
Learning Objective: 05.01.07 List exocrine gland types based on both anatomic form and physiologic method of secretion.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine)

Multiple Choice Questions

Which primary tissue type would be represented by blood, body fat, ligaments and tendons, dermis of the skin, and the cartilage of some joints?

6-18-2013

Epithelial tissue
B. Connective tissue
C. Nervous tissue
D. Muscle tissue
E.

None of the choices is correct.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D01.03 Contrast the general features of the four major tissue types.
HAPS Topic: Module D01 Overview of histology & tissue types.
Learning Objective: 05.02.07 Distinguish the types of connective tissue and the locations where each type is found.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Overview of histology and tissue types

Which of the primary tissue types is most widely distributed throughout the body?
A. Connective
B. Muscle
C. Nervous
D. Epithelium

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D01.03 Contrast the general features of the four major tissue types.
HAPS Topic: Module D01 Overview of histology & tissue types.
Learning Objective: 05.02.05 Describe the functions of connective tissue.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Overview of histology and tissue types

All connective tissues have three features in common. They are

cells, protein fibers, and mucus.
B. cells, hormones, and protein fibers.
C. protein fibers, a liquid portion, and ground substance.
D. cells, a liquid portion, and protein fibers.
E. cells, protein fibers, and ground substance.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.01 Classify the different types of connective tissues based on distinguishing structural characteristics.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.01 Describe the three components of connective tissue.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

In connective tissue, the extracellular matrix consists of

cells and ground substance.
B. protein fibers and ground substance.
C. cells and protein fibers.
D. ground substance and intracellular fluid.
E. ground substance only.

All connective tissue is formed from which embryonic germ layer?
A. Endoderm
B. Ectoderm
C. Mucoderm
D. Mesoderm
E. Epiderm

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: D03.02 Describe locations in the body where each type of connective tissue can be found.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.06.02 Describe the three primary germ layers and the tissues to which they give rise.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

Which is the first type of connective tissue to form in the embryo and the source of all other adult connective tissues?
A. Mesenchyme
B. Mucous
C. Adipose
D. Areolar
E. Umbilical

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.03 Describe functions of each type of connective tissue in the human body and correlate function with structure for each tissue type.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.06 Compare and contrast mesenchyme and mucous connective tissue.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

True / False Questions

Mesenchyme is found only in the umbilical cord.
FALSE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.02 Describe locations in the body where each type of connective tissue can be found.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.06 Compare and contrast mesenchyme and mucous connective tissue.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

Multiple Choice Questions

Which cell type, found in connective tissue proper and close to blood vessels, secretes heparin and histamine?
A. Plasma cell
B. Adipocyte
C. Mast cell
D. Fibroblast
E. Mesenchymal cell

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.04 Compare and contrast the roles of individual cell types and fiber types within connective tissue.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.02 Give examples of resident cells and wandering cells in connective tissue proper.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

Which cell type, found in connective tissue proper, is formed from monocytes and serves to phagocytize damaged cells or pathogens?
A. Macrophage
B. Plasma cell
C. Mast cell
D. Mesenchymal cell
E. Adipocytes

Fill in the Blank Questions

Flat cells with tapered ends that are the most abundant resident cells in connective tissue proper are known as ___________.
fibroblasts

A large molecule made up of a glycosaminoglycan linked to a protein is known as a __________.
proteoglycan

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.01 Classify the different types of connective tissues based on distinguishing structural characteristics.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.04 Identify three types of molecules that may be found in ground substance.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

Short Answer Questions

Describe three functions of connective tissue and provide an example for each.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: D03.03 Describe functions of each type of connective tissue in the human body and correlate function with structure for each tissue type.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.05 Describe the functions of connective tissue.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

True / False Questions

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are polysaccharides.
TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.01 Classify the different types of connective tissues based on distinguishing structural characteristics.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.04 Identify three types of molecules that may be found in ground substance.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

Multiple Choice Questions

Which type of connective tissue protein fiber forms a meshlike framework that provides structural support within many organs (within the spleen, for example)?
A. Collagen fibers
B. Reticular fibers
C. Elastic fibers
D. Mucoid fibers
E. Cartilaginous fibers

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.04 Compare and contrast the roles of individual cell types and fiber types within connective tissue.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.03 Name three types of protein fibers found in connective tissue.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

Fibronectin is an example of a(n)

adherent glycoprotein.
B. glycosaminoglycan.
C. proteoglycan.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.04 Compare and contrast the roles of individual cell types and fiber types within connective tissue.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.04 Identify three types of molecules that may be found in ground substance.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

Connective tissue proper is divided into two broad categories: loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue. This classification is based upon the

location of the tissue.
B. size of the cells present.
C. relative proportions of cells, fibers, and ground substance present.
D. number of different cells types and their respective arrangement.
E. origin of the tissue type.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: D03.01 Classify the different types of connective tissues based on distinguishing structural characteristics.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.07 Distinguish the types of connective tissue and the locations where each type is found.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

True / False Questions

Many connective tissues play a role in immune protection.
TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.03 Describe functions of each type of connective tissue in the human body and correlate function with structure for each tissue type.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.05 Describe the functions of connective tissue.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

Multiple Choice Questions

Which type of connective tissue is found in the papillary layer of the dermis and contains all of the cell types of connective tissue proper?
A. Adipose
B. Reticular
C. Dense irregular
D. Dense regular
E. Areolar

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.02 Describe locations in the body where each type of connective tissue can be found.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.07 Distinguish the types of connective tissue and the locations where each type is found.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

Which type of connective tissue predominates in the deep portion of the dermis, where it lends strength to the skin?
A. Adipose
B. Dense regular
C. Dense irregular
D. Cartilage
E. Areolar

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.02 Describe locations in the body where each type of connective tissue can be found.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.07 Distinguish the types of connective tissue and the locations where each type is found.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

The most common type of cartilage, named for its glassy appearance, is

fibrocartilage.
B. hyaline cartilage.
C. elastic cartilage.
D. reticular cartilage.
E. areolar cartilage.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.01 Classify the different types of connective tissues based on distinguishing structural characteristics.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.07 Distinguish the types of connective tissue and the locations where each type is found.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

Which feature is found in both cartilage and bone?
A.Chondrocyte
B. Osteocyte
C. Perichondrium
D. Central canal
E. Lacuna

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: D03.01 Classify the different types of connective tissues based on distinguishing structural characteristics.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.07 Distinguish the types of connective tissue and the locations where each type is found.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

The internal feature of bone that makes it simultaneously strong and lightweight is the

presence of cartilage.
B. latticework structure of spongy bone.
C. pattern of osteons.
D. areolar connective tissue in the central cavity.
E. arrangement of collagenous fibers.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.03 Describe functions of each type of connective tissue in the human body and correlate function with structure for each tissue type.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.07 Distinguish the types of connective tissue and the locations where each type is found.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

What unit of bone consists of a central canal (containing blood vessels, nerves, and lymph vessels) surrounded by concentric rings of calcified matrix?
A. Canaliculus
B. Lamella
C. Osteon
D. Osteocyte
E. Trabeculum

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.01 Classify the different types of connective tissues based on distinguishing structural characteristics.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.07 Distinguish the types of connective tissue and the locations where each type is found.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

Some bone interiors contain hemopoietic tissue, which functions in

storing fat.
B. producing hormones.
C. making connective tissue fibers.
D. producing blood cells.
E. breaking down toxins.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.03 Describe functions of each type of connective tissue in the human body and correlate function with structure for each tissue type.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.07 Distinguish the types of connective tissue and the locations where each type is found.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

Plasma is

a liquid ground substance containing dissolved proteins.
B. a dissolved ground matrix and a lining of epithelial cells.
C. a liquefied ground substance that includes several dissolved cells.
D. platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells.
E. platelets and a watery ground substance.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.02 Describe locations in the body where each type of connective tissue can be found.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.07 Distinguish the types of connective tissue and the locations where each type is found.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

There are four types of body membranes. Select the exception.
A. Serous
B. Cutaneous
C. Mucous
D. Cartilaginous
E. Synovial

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D06.01 Describe the structure and function of mucous, serous, cutaneous & synovial membranes.
HAPS Topic: Module D06 Membranes (mucous, serous, cutaneous & synovial).
Learning Objective: 05.05.03 Explain the structure and functions of mucous, serous, cutaneous, and synovial membranes.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Membranes (mucous, serous, cutaneous, and synovial)

The type of membrane that prevents desiccation, provides lubrication, and traps bacteria and foreign particles is

serous.
B. cutaneous.
C. mucous.
D. cartilaginous.
E. synovial.

The largest of the body membranes, commonly called the skin, is the _______ membrane.
A. serous
B. cutaneous
C. mucous
D. cartilaginous
E. synovial

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D06.02 Describe locations in the body where each type of membrane can be found.
HAPS Topic: Module D06 Membranes (mucous, serous, cutaneous & synovial).
Learning Objective: 05.05.04 Identify the locations of these membranes.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Membranes (mucous, serous, cutaneous, and synovial)

The heart is confined within a double-walled serous membrane sac. The part of the membrane that is in contact with the heart is the _____ layer.
A. serous
B. visceral
C. parietal
D. synovial
E. mesothelial

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: D06.02 Describe locations in the body where each type of membrane can be found.
HAPS Topic: Module D06 Membranes (mucous, serous, cutaneous & synovial).
Learning Objective: 05.05.03 Explain the structure and functions of mucous, serous, cutaneous, and synovial membranes.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Membranes (mucous, serous, cutaneous, and synovial)

Synovial membranes are composed of areolar connective tissue covered with _________ epithelial cells.
A. squamous
B. cuboidal
C. columnar
D. pseudostratified

The type of membrane that lines many of the body’s joints is a _________ membrane.
A. serous
B. mucous
C. cutaneous
D. synovial
E. metastatic

The type of muscle that has elongated, multinucleated cells and is under voluntary control is __________ muscle.
A. skeletal
B. cardiac
C. smooth

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D04.02 Describe functions of each type of muscle tissue in the human body and correlate function with structure for each tissue type.
HAPS Topic: Module D04 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of muscular tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.03.02 Compare the functions of each type of muscle and where each type is found.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of muscular tissue

True / False Questions

Cardiac muscle is also known as visceral muscle.
FALSE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D04.01 Classify the different types of muscle tissues based on distinguishing structural characteristics and location in the body.
HAPS Topic: Module D04 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of muscular tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.03.01 Describe the structure of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of muscular tissue

Multiple Choice Questions

What type of muscle contains intercalated discs?
A. Skeletal
B. Cardiac
C. Smooth

The type of muscle that is found in blood vessel walls is __________ muscle.
A. skeletal
B. cardiac
C. smooth

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D04.01 Classify the different types of muscle tissues based on distinguishing structural characteristics and location in the body.
HAPS Topic: Module D04 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of muscular tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.03.02 Compare the functions of each type of muscle and where each type is found.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of muscular tissue

Fill in the Blank Questions

Intercalated discs are made up of gap junctions and __________.
desmosomes

Multiple Choice Questions

Dendrites

transmit signals away from the cell body.
B. transmit signals toward the cell body.
C. manufacture proteins to be used by the neuron.
D. use hormones to transmit information.
E. release neurotransmitter.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D05.02 Describe the structure and function of neurons and neuroglial cells in nervous tissue and correlate function with structure for the different types of neuroglial cells.
HAPS Topic: Module D05 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of nervous tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.04.02 List the functions of nervous tissue.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of nervous tissue

Axons

transmit signals away from the cell body.
B. transmit signals toward the cell body.
C. manufacture proteins to be used by the neuron.
D. use hormones to transmit information.
E. None of the choices is correct.

True / False Questions

Glial cells transmit impulses.
FALSE

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: D05.02 Describe the structure and function of neurons and neuroglial cells in nervous tissue and correlate function with structure for the different types of neuroglial cells.
HAPS Topic: Module D05 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of nervous tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.04.02 List the functions of nervous tissue.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of nervous tissue

Multiple Choice Questions

The nucleus of a neuron is found in its

glioma.
B. axon.
C. cell body.
D. dendrite.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D05.02 Describe the structure and function of neurons and neuroglial cells in nervous tissue and correlate function with structure for the different types of neuroglial cells.
HAPS Topic: Module D05 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of nervous tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.04.01 Describe the structure of nervous tissue.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of nervous tissue

True / False Questions

Some neurons are longer than 1 meter.
TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D05.02 Describe the structure and function of neurons and neuroglial cells in nervous tissue and correlate function with structure for the different types of neuroglial cells.
HAPS Topic: Module D05 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of nervous tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.04.01 Describe the structure of nervous tissue.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of nervous tissue

Multiple Choice Questions

The general name given to the phenomenon that occurs when a mature epithelium changes to a different form is

mesothelia.
B. hyperplasia.
C. hypertrophy.
D. metaplasia.
E. neoplasia.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D02.02 Describe locations in the body where each type of epithelial tissue can be found.
HAPS Topic: Module D02 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of epithelial tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.06.03 Describe how tissues may change in form, size, or number of cells.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Tissue injury and repair

Fill in the Blank Questions

The ____________ is the primary germ layer from which the brain and the rest of the nervous system develops.
ectoderm

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D05.01 Describe locations in the body where nervous tissue can be found.
HAPS Topic: Module D05 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of nervous tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.06.02 Describe the three primary germ layers and the tissues to which they give rise.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of nervous tissue

True / False Questions

All muscle tissue develops from mesoderm.
TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.06.02 Describe the three primary germ layers and the tissues to which they give rise.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of muscular tissue

Multiple Choice Questions

Which list is in correct developmental order?
A. Zygote, blastocyst, embryo
B. Blastocyst, embryo, zygote
C. Zygote, embryo, blastocyst
D. Blastocyst, zygote, embryo

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.06.01 Explain the stages of tissue development in the embryo.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Overview of histology and tissue types

The epithelial linings of the respiratory and digestive systems develop from the

ectoderm.
B. endoderm.
C. mesoderm.
D. lumenoderm.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D02.02 Describe locations in the body where each type of epithelial tissue can be found.
HAPS Topic: Module D02 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of epithelial tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.06.02 Describe the three primary germ layers and the tissues to which they give rise.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of epithelial tissue

When hyperplasia proceeds out of control, a tumor may develop. This condition is termed

hypertrophy.
B. neoplasia.
C. atrophy.
D. metaplasia.
E. fibrosis.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.06.03 Describe how tissues may change in form, size, or number of cells.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Tissue injury and repair

True / False Questions

Hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells in a tissue.
TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.06.03 Describe how tissues may change in form, size, or number of cells.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Tissue injury and repair

Multiple Choice Questions

Shrinkage of tissue by a decrease in either cell number or cell size is termed

hypertrophy.
B. neoplasia.
C. atrophy.
D. metaplasia.
E. fibrosis.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D08.01 Describe how injuries affect epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues.
HAPS Topic: Module D08 Tissue injury & repair.
Learning Objective: 05.06.03 Describe how tissues may change in form, size, or number of cells.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Tissue injury and repair

With age, connective tissues

become more flexible.
B. become thinner.
C. lose their blood supply.
D. lose their pliability and resiliency.
E. increase in mass.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.06.04 List some changes that occur in tissues with age.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Effects of aging on tissues

Fill in the Blank Questions

The term used to describe tissue death is _________.
necrosis

Multiple Choice Questions

With age, epithelial tissues

become more flexible.
B. become thinner.
C. lose their blood supply.
D. lose resiliency but gain pliability.
E. increase in mass.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.06.04 List some changes that occur in tissues with age.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Effects of aging on tissues

With age, bones

become more flexible.
B. become brittle.
C. lose their blood supply.
D. increase their pliability.
E. increase in mass.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.06.04 List some changes that occur in tissues with age.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Effects of aging on tissues

The two types of cells that make up the nervous system are

macrophages and mast cells.
B. neurons and chondrocytes.
C. mast cells and fibrocytes.
D. neurons and mast cells.
E. neurons and glial cells.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D05.02 Describe the structure and function of neurons and neuroglial cells in nervous tissue and correlate function with structure for the different types of neuroglial cells.
HAPS Topic: Module D05 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of nervous tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.04.01 Describe the structure of nervous tissue.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of nervous tissue

Where in the body would you find a glial cell?
A. In the stomach
B. In the cardiovascular system
C. In the immune system
D. In the nervous system
E. In the skeletal system

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D05.01 Describe locations in the body where nervous tissue can be found.
HAPS Topic: Module D05 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of nervous tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.04.01 Describe the structure of nervous tissue.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of nervous tissue

The primary role of epithelial tissue in the stomach is

housing blood vessels and nerves.
B. secretion of substances for chemical digestion.
C. mixing and propulsion of foodstuffs.
D. regulation of contraction.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: D02.02 Describe locations in the body where each type of epithelial tissue can be found.
Learning Objective: 05.05.02 Explain the roles of different tissues in an organ.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of epithelial tissue

True / False Questions

An organ is made up of only one tissue type; for example, the heart is made of cardiac muscle.
FALSE

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: D01.01 Define the term histology.
HAPS Topic: Module D01 Overview of histology & tissue types.
Learning Objective: 05.05.01 Define an organ.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Overview of histology and tissue types

Fill in the Blank Questions

The type of tissue that helps mechanically mix materials within the digestive system organs is ________ muscle.
smoothor
visceral or
involuntary

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D04.02 Describe functions of each type of muscle tissue in the human body and correlate function with structure for each tissue type.
HAPS Topic: Module D04 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of muscular tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.05.02 Explain the roles of different tissues in an organ.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of muscular tissue

Multiple Choice Questions

Suppose that you had a congenital condition that prevented your body from forming holocrine glands. If that were the case, which statement would be most accurate?
A.Your skin would become excessively dry for lack of oil from sebaceous glands.
B. You would be unable to digest your food.
C. Your bones would be like rubber.
D. Your nerves could not transmit signals.
E. You would have difficulty breathing.

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: D07.02 Identify example locations in the body of exocrine and endocrine glands.
HAPS Topic: Module D07 Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine).
Learning Objective: 05.01.07 List exocrine gland types based on both anatomic form and physiologic method of secretion.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine)

Mucous connective tissue is found only in

the cartilage of the nose.
B. certain bones of the skull.
C. the umbilical cord.
D. serous fluid.
E. fibers of the respiratory system.

Which connective tissue cells produce antibodies?

Mast cells
B. Fibroblasts
C. Plasma cells
D. Mesenchymal cells
E. Fixed macrophages

What is the most abundant protein in the body, forming about 25% of all body protein?
A. Myosin
B. Elastin
C. Actin
D. Fibrogen
E. Collagen

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.04 Compare and contrast the roles of individual cell types and fiber types within connective tissue.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.03 Name three types of protein fibers found in connective tissue.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

What feature of your ear accounts for its ability to regain its shape after it has been deformed or compressed?
A.The elastic fibers present in the ear’s cartilage
B. The elastic fibers present in the ear’s muscles
C.

The ear’s built-in memory based upon its overall size and shape

The abundance of reticular fibers forming a dense meshwork

The elastic fibers in the ear’s skin that contract after being stretched

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.04 Compare and contrast the roles of individual cell types and fiber types within connective tissue.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.07 Distinguish the types of connective tissue and the locations where each type is found.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

Where in the body would you expect to find a perichondrium?
A. Covering bones
B. Lining kidney tubules
C. Covering the heart
D. Inside of the brain
E. Covering cartilage

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D03.01 Classify the different types of connective tissues based on distinguishing structural characteristics.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.07 Distinguish the types of connective tissue and the locations where each type is found.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

Suppose that you were involved in an automobile accident and suffered a back injury. When examined by your physician you are told that you have a slipped disc in the lower back. What type of tissue is involved?
A. Adipose tissue
B. Bone
C. Elastic cartilage
D. Fibrocartilage
E. Dense regular connective tissue

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: D03.02 Describe locations in the body where each type of connective tissue can be found.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.07 Distinguish the types of connective tissue and the locations where each type is found.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

A skeletal muscle fiber is

an elongated series of muscles held together by dense connective tissue.
B. a collection of several muscles bound together by a membrane.
C. a skeletal muscle cell.
D. found only in cardiac muscle.
E. a contractile filament within the osteon of bone.

If you were examining a microscope slide containing a type of muscle tissue and observed a branching network of striated cells, each with one or two central nuclei, you could conclude that you were looking at _____ muscle.
A. smooth
B. skeletal
C. cardiac
D. osseous
E. voluntary

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D04.03 Identify the different types of muscle tissue using proper microscope technique.
HAPS Topic: Module D04 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of muscular tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.03.01 Describe the structure of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of muscular tissue

Which type of muscle contains fusiform cells that function to propel materials through hollow organs?
A. Voluntary
B. Striated
C. Smooth
D. Skeletal

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D04.01 Classify the different types of muscle tissues based on distinguishing structural characteristics and location in the body.
HAPS Topic: Module D04 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of muscular tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.03.02 Compare the functions of each type of muscle and where each type is found.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of muscular tissue

The nucleus and other organelles of a neuron are primarily housed in which part of the cell?

Axon
B. Dendrite
C. Glial cell
D. Cell body
E.

None of the choices is correct.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: D05.02 Describe the structure and function of neurons and neuroglial cells in nervous tissue and correlate function with structure for the different types of neuroglial cells.
HAPS Topic: Module D05 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of nervous tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.04.01 Describe the structure of nervous tissue.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of nervous tissue

A tissue transplant from an animal to a human is a(n)

autograft.
B. syngenetic graft.
C. allograft.
D. heterograft.
E. homograft.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.06.01 Explain the stages of tissue development in the embryo.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Tissue injury and repair

A tissue transplant from one person to another (one who is not genetically identical) is a(n)

autograft.
B. syngenetic graft.
C. allograft.
D. heterograft.
E. homograft.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.06.04 List some changes that occur in tissues with age.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Tissue injury and repair

Suppose you cut your finger only slightly in what is known as a “paper cut.” You observe that the cut hurts but it doesn’t bleed. How would you interpret your observation?
A. Nerve endings occur in epithelium but blood vessels do not.
B. The paper severed the skin, missing blood vessels, but hitting nerve endings.
C. Very thin cuts never draw blood but do sever nerves.
D. You probably have some unknown condition related to blood clotting.
E. The paper had some factor that prevented the release of blood but not the sensation of pain.

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: D02.03 Describe the functions of each type of epithelial tissue in the human body and correlate function with structure for each tissue type.
HAPS Topic: Module D02 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of epithelial tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.01.01 Describe the common features of epithelial tissue.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Tissue injury and repair

Figure: 05.05

Number 1 indicates a simple _____ gland.
A.tubular
B. acinar
C. branched tubular
D. branched acinar
E. coiled tubular

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 05.06
HAPS Objective: D07.03 Classify the different kinds of exocrine glands based on structure and function.
HAPS Topic: Module D07 Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine).
Learning Objective: 05.01.07 List exocrine gland types based on both anatomic form and physiologic method of secretion.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Glands (exocrine vs. endocrine)

Number 2 indicates a compound _____ gland.
A.coiled acinar
B. coiled tubular
C. tubular
D. tubuloacinar
E. acinar

Figure: 05.07

In this image showing connective tissue components, what structure does number 1 indicate?
A.Mesenchymal cell
B. Fibroblast
C. Adipocyte
D. Macrophage
E. Extracellular matrix

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 05.08
HAPS Objective: D03.04 Compare and contrast the roles of individual cell types and fiber types within connective tissue.
HAPS Topic: Module D03 Microscopic anatomy, location, & functional roles of connective tissue.
Learning Objective: 05.02.01 Describe the three components of connective tissue.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of connective tissue

In this image showing connective tissue components, what structure does number 2 indicate?
A.Mesenchymal cell
B. Fibroblast
C. Adipocyte
D. Macrophage
E. Extracellular matrix

Chapter 17

Endocrine System

Multiple Choice Questions

Compared to the nervous system, the endocrine system has

more localized and long-lasting effects.
B. more widespread and long-lasting effects.
C. more localized and short-term effects.
D. more widespread and short-term effects.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J01.03 Compare and contrast how the nervous and endocrine systems control body function, with emphasis on the mechanisms by which the controlling signals are transferred through the body and the time course of the response(s) and action(s).
HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system.
Learning Objective: 17.01.01 Compare and contrast the actions of the endocrine system and the nervous system to control body function.
Section: 17.01
Topic: General functions of the endocrine system

Endocrine glands

are ductless glands.
B. are the organs of the endocrine system.
C. secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.
D. help maintain homeostasis.
E.

All of the choices are correct.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J01.02 Define the terms hormone, endocrine gland, endocrine tissue (organ), and target cell.
HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system.
Learning Objective: 17.01.01 Compare and contrast the actions of the endocrine system and the nervous system to control body function.
Section: 17.01
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

Which is not characteristic of the endocrine system?

Effects: causes metabolic activity changes in target cells
B. Response time: slow reaction time = seconds to hours
C. Duration of response: long-lasting = minutes to weeks
D. Recovery time: rapid, immediate return to prestimulation level
E. Communication method: hormones in the bloodstream

True / False Questions

The reaction time for endocrine effects is generally measured in milliseconds.
FALSE

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J01.03 Compare and contrast how the nervous and endocrine systems control body function, with emphasis on the mechanisms by which the controlling signals are transferred through the body and the time course of the response(s) and action(s).
HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system.
Learning Objective: 17.01.01 Compare and contrast the actions of the endocrine system and the nervous system to control body function.
Section: 17.01
Topic: General functions of the endocrine system

s
Fill in the Blank Questions

The hormones and neurotransmitters released by the endocrine and nervous systems are chemical substances referred to as _________.
ligands

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J02.04 Compare and contrast the mechanism of response that each class elicits (i.e., change in gene expression or change in an intracellular pathway via phosphorylation mechanism) and relate the response mechanism to the biochemical nature of the hormone molecule.
HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system.
Learning Objective: 17.01.01 Compare and contrast the actions of the endocrine system and the nervous system to control body function.
Section: 17.01
Topic: General functions of the endocrine system

True / False Questions

Among their many functions, hormones regulate blood volume, cellular concentration, and number of platelets.
TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J01.01 Describe the major functions of the endocrine system.
HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system.
Learning Objective: 17.01.02 Describe the general functions controlled by the endocrine system.
Section: 17.01
Topic: General functions of the endocrine system

Although hormones influence activity in the neural and reproductive systems, they do not influence the digestive system.
FALSE

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J01.01 Describe the major functions of the endocrine system.
HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system.
Learning Objective: 17.01.02 Describe the general functions controlled by the endocrine system.
Section: 17.01
Topic: General functions of the endocrine system

The liver contains endocrine cells.
TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J01.02 Define the terms hormone, endocrine gland, endocrine tissue (organ), and target cell.
HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system.
Learning Objective: 17.02.01 Distinguish between the two types of organization of endocrine cells.
Section: 17.02
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Each of the body’s blood-borne hormones comes from the major endocrine glands, namely, the pineal, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, or adrenal glands.

FALSE

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J01.02 Define the terms hormone, endocrine gland, endocrine tissue (organ), and target cell.
HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system.
Learning Objective: 17.02.01 Distinguish between the two types of organization of endocrine cells.
Section: 17.02
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Fill in the Blank Questions

The small, cone-shaped gland that is in the epithalamus of the brain is the _______ gland.
pineal

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J01.02 Define the terms hormone, endocrine gland, endocrine tissue (organ), and target cell.
HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system.
Learning Objective: 17.02.02 Identify the major endocrine glands and their location within the body.
Learning Objective: 17.10.01 Describe the general structure, location, and function of the pineal gland.
Section: 17.02
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

Multiple Choice Questions

The parathyroid glands are located

just below the thalamus.
B. within the thymus.
C. above the kidneys.
D. anterior to the thyroid gland.
E. posterior to the thyroid gland.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.03b Parathyroid gland: parathyroid hormone: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.02.02 Identify the major endocrine glands and their location within the body.
Learning Objective: 17.10.02 Describe the general structure, location, and function of the parathyroid glands.
Section: 17.01
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

Parathyroid hormone release depends on blood levels of calcium. Such an endocrine reflex is said to be initiated by

hormonal stimulation.
B. humoral stimulation.
C. neural stimulation.
D. positive feedback stimulation.

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: J03.01 List and describe several types of stimuli that control production and secretion of hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J03 Control of hormone secretion.
Learning Objective: 17.02.03 Explain the three reflex mechanisms for regulating secretion of hormones.
Learning Objective: 17.10.02 Describe the general structure, location, and function of the parathyroid glands.
Section: 17.02
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Aldosterone release can be triggered by the presence of the blood-borne messenger angiotensin II or by low levels of sodium, and so its secretion regulation is said to be

purely neural.
B. both hormonal and humoral.
C. both antagonistic and synergistic.
D. both neural and synergistic.
E. purely hormonal.

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: J03.01 List and describe several types of stimuli that control production and secretion of hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J03 Control of hormone secretion.
Learning Objective: 17.02.03 Explain the three reflex mechanisms for regulating secretion of hormones.
Section: 17.02
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Fill in the Blank Questions

Modified amino acids that act as hormones are referred to as ________ amines.
biogenic

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J02.01 List the major chemical classes of hormones found in the human body.
HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors.
Learning Objective: 17.03.01 Name the three structural categories of circulating hormones, and give examples within each category.
Section: 17.03
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Multiple Choice Questions

Thyroid hormone is somewhat unique in that it is a

biogenic amine that is lipid-soluble.

protein hormone that is water-soluble.

steroid hormone that is water-soluble.

steroid hormone that is lipid-soluble.

monoamine that is water-soluble.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J02.02 Describe how each class is transported in the blood.
HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors.
Learning Objective: 17.03.02 Distinguish the hormones that are lipid-soluble from those that are water-soluble.
Section: 17.03
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Follicle-stimulating hormone is a

glycoprotein.
B. steroid.
C. monoamine.
D. oligopeptide.

Protein hormones are

lipid-soluble.
B. water-soluble.
C. soluble in both water and lipids.
D. soluble in neither water nor lipids.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J02.02 Describe how each class is transported in the blood.
HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors.
Learning Objective: 17.03.02 Distinguish the hormones that are lipid-soluble from those that are water-soluble.
Section: 17.03
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

True / False Questions

Steroids, peptides, and nucleic acids are the three classes of hormones.
FALSE

Multiple Choice Questions

Eicosanoids are synthesized from

cholesterol.
B. prostaglandin.
C. arachidonic acid.
D. amino acids.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J06.02 List two major types of eicosanoids and discuss their production and functions.
HAPS Topic: Module J06 Local hormones (paracrines & autocrines) & growth factors.
Learning Objective: 17.03.03 Describe the general structure, formation, and function of local hormones.
Section: 17.03
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

True / False Questions

Eicosanoids are a primary type of local hormone.
TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J06.04 Justify whether or not paracrines, autocrines and growth factors should be considered to be part of the endocrine system.
HAPS Topic: Module J06 Local hormones (paracrines & autocrines) & growth factors.
Learning Objective: 17.03.03 Describe the general structure, formation, and function of local hormones.
Section: 17.03
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Like proteins, eicosanoids are synthesized on ribosomes in a process that involves transcription and translation.
FALSE

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J06.02 List two major types of eicosanoids and discuss their production and functions.
HAPS Topic: Module J06 Local hormones (paracrines & autocrines) & growth factors.
Learning Objective: 17.03.03 Describe the general structure, formation, and function of local hormones.
Section: 17.03
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Multiple Choice Questions

When a chemical messenger helps initiate an inflammatory response by causing cellular changes in neighboring cells, it is demonstrating ___________ signaling.
A. autocrine
B. paracrine
C. allomone
D. pheromone

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J06.01 Define the terms paracrine and autocrine.
HAPS Topic: Module J06 Local hormones (paracrines & autocrines) & growth factors.
Learning Objective: 17.03.04 Compare autocrine and paracrine signaling that occurs through local hormones.
Section: 17.03
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Fill in the Blank Questions

When eicosanoids bring about cellular changes within the cell from which they were formed, the process is called _________ stimulation.

autocrine

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J06.01 Define the terms paracrine and autocrine.
HAPS Topic: Module J06 Local hormones (paracrines & autocrines) & growth factors.
Learning Objective: 17.03.04 Compare autocrine and paracrine signaling that occurs through local hormones.
Section: 17.03
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Multiple Choice Questions

Most hormones are made of chains of amino acids and are therefore

steroids.
B. biogenic amines.
C. proteins.
D. catecholamines.

Steroid hormones are lipids, derived from

cholesterol.
B. glycerol.
C. amines.
D. polypeptides.
E. nucleic acids.

Which type of hormone requires a carrier protein in the blood?
A. Autocrine hormone
B. Water-soluble hormone
C. Oligopeptide
D. Lipid-soluble hormone

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J02.02 Describe how each class is transported in the blood.
HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors.
Learning Objective: 17.04.01 Compare the transport of water-soluble hormones with that of lipid- soluble hormones.
Section: 17.04
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

The binding of a hormone and a carrier protein is _______; a very ______ fraction of such a hormone in the blood is bound to a carrier at any one point in time.

temporary; large

temporary; small

permanent; large

permanent; small

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J02.02 Describe how each class is transported in the blood.
HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors.
Learning Objective: 17.04.01 Compare the transport of water-soluble hormones with that of lipid- soluble hormones.
Section: 17.04
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

True / False Questions

Like all other hormone transport proteins, albumin is highly specific in terms of which hormone it carries through the blood.
FALSE

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: J02.02 Describe how each class is transported in the blood.
HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors.
Learning Objective: 17.04.01 Compare the transport of water-soluble hormones with that of lipid- soluble hormones.
Section: 17.04
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Multiple Choice Questions

Damage to the liver might impair enzymatic degradation of some hormones. The levels of such hormones in the blood would therefore be expected to

increase.
B. decrease.
C. remain unchanged.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J03.02 Describe the roles of negative and positive feedback in controlling hormone release.
HAPS Topic: Module J03 Control of hormone secretion.
Learning Objective: 17.04.02 Describe the two primary factors that affect the concentration level of a circulating hormone.
Section: 17.04
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Short Answer Questions

Generally, there are two main factors that determine the levels of a hormone in the blood. Explain what those factors are and provide examples of how they might increase or decrease a hormone’s level.

Hormone synthesis is directly related to plasma hormone levels, and hormone elimination (by liver, kidneys, and target cell uptake) is inversely related to plasma hormone levels.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Objective: 17.04.02 Describe the two primary factors that affect the concentration level of a circulating hormone.
Section: 17.04
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Multiple Choice Questions

Generally, the shorter the half-life of a hormone

the more frequently it must be replaced.
B. the less frequently it must be replaced.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Objective: 17.04.03 Explain what is meant by the half-life of a hormone.
Section: 17.04
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

The half-life of a hormone is

one-half of the time it takes to synthesize the chemical messenger molecule.

the time necessary to reduce the hormone concentration in the blood to half of what had been secreted.
C.half the time until the hormone molecule dissolves.
D. half of the duration of the hormone’s effects on its target cells throughout the body.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Objective: 17.04.03 Explain what is meant by the half-life of a hormone.
Section: 17.04
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Lipophilic hormones bind to ___________ receptors of target cells.
A. intracellular
B. membrane-bound

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J02.03 Compare and contrast the types of receptors (cell membrane or intracellular) that each class binds to.
HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors.
Learning Objective: 17.05.01 Describe how lipid-soluble hormones reach their target receptors and the type of cellular change they initiate.
Section: 17.05
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Lipid-soluble hormones, such as progesterone, exert their effects by forming hormone-receptor complexes that

activate a G protein and second-messenger cascade.

bind to DNA and initiate transcription.
C.open ion channels in the cell membrane.
D. activate adenylate cyclase.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J02.04 Compare and contrast the mechanism of response that each class elicits (i.e., change in gene expression or change in an intracellular pathway via phosphorylation mechanism) and relate the response mechanism to the biochemical nature of the hormone molecule.
HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors.
Learning Objective: 17.05.01 Describe how lipid-soluble hormones reach their target receptors and the type of cellular change they initiate.
Section: 17.05
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

When the effects of water-soluble hormones on their target cells are considered, the hormone itself is

the G protein.

the second messenger.
C.the first messenger.
D. the hormone-response element.
E. the phospholipase.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J02.04 Compare and contrast the mechanism of response that each class elicits (i.e., change in gene expression or change in an intracellular pathway via phosphorylation mechanism) and relate the response mechanism to the biochemical nature of the hormone molecule.
HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors.
Learning Objective: 17.05.02 Describe how water-soluble hormones induce cellular change in their target cells.
Section: 17.05
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

A G protein is

a type of water-soluble hormone.
B. a second messenger activated by a steroid hormone.
C. a molecule that binds a guanine nucleotide and helps transduce a signal inside a target cell.
D. a receptor for a water-soluble hormone that causes arachidonic acid to be extracted from a phospholipid.
E. an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP into cyclic AMP.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J02.04 Compare and contrast the mechanism of response that each class elicits (i.e., change in gene expression or change in an intracellular pathway via phosphorylation mechanism) and relate the response mechanism to the biochemical nature of the hormone molecule.
HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors.
Learning Objective: 17.05.02 Describe how water-soluble hormones induce cellular change in their target cells.
Section: 17.05
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Within the adenylate cyclase signal transduction pathways of target cells, cAMP activates

the G protein.

adenylate cyclase.
C.protein kinase.
D. the receptor.
E. transcription of a mRNA.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J02.04 Compare and contrast the mechanism of response that each class elicits (i.e., change in gene expression or change in an intracellular pathway via phosphorylation mechanism) and relate the response mechanism to the biochemical nature of the hormone molecule.
HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors.
Learning Objective: 17.05.02 Describe how water-soluble hormones induce cellular change in their target cells.
Section: 17.05
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

In the signal transduction pathway that results in the formation of inositol triphosphate, the G protein directly activates

phospholipase C.
B. protein kinase A.
C. calmodulin.
D. adenylate cyclase.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J02.04 Compare and contrast the mechanism of response that each class elicits (i.e., change in gene expression or change in an intracellular pathway via phosphorylation mechanism) and relate the response mechanism to the biochemical nature of the hormone molecule.
HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors.
Learning Objective: 17.05.02 Describe how water-soluble hormones induce cellular change in their target cells.
Section: 17.05
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Oxytocin results in more forceful smooth muscle contractions in the uterus by causing target cells to increase production of

adenylate cyclase.
B. mRNA for myosin.
C. inositol triphosphate.
D. glucose.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.01c Pituitary: growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin): Name the target tissue or cells for the hormone and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.05.02 Describe how water-soluble hormones induce cellular change in their target cells.
Section: 17.05
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Intracellular signaling pathways within target cells are organized such that

each step allows for amplification of the signal where one molecule can activate many.
B. each step involves one molecule activating or synthesizing exactly one other molecule for precise control.
C. enzymes are used up and degraded after each individual reaction they catalyze.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J02.04 Compare and contrast the mechanism of response that each class elicits (i.e., change in gene expression or change in an intracellular pathway via phosphorylation mechanism) and relate the response mechanism to the biochemical nature of the hormone molecule.
HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors.
Learning Objective: 17.05.02 Describe how water-soluble hormones induce cellular change in their target cells.
Section: 17.05
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Essay Questions

The word “cascade” can be defined as a series of small waterfalls, one leading to the next. Describe a specific second-messenger cascade that results from the series of chemical reactions (from one to the next) initiated by a hormone binding to its receptor.

One example is how glucagon works through the cAMP, PKA cascade to cause release of glucose from liver cells. The receptor activates the G protein, which activates AC, which synthesizes cAMP, which activates PKA, which phosphorylates enzymes within the liver cell.

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: J02.04 Compare and contrast the mechanism of response that each class elicits (i.e., change in gene expression or change in an intracellular pathway via phosphorylation mechanism) and relate the response mechanism to the biochemical nature of the hormone molecule.
HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors.
Learning Objective: 17.05.02 Describe how water-soluble hormones induce cellular change in their target cells.
Section: 17.05
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Multiple Choice Questions

Reduced hormone concentration in the blood often causes target cells to

up-regulate receptors in order to increase cell sensitivity.
B. up-regulate receptors in order to decrease cell sensitivity.
C. down-regulate receptors in order to increase cell sensitivity.
D. down-regulate receptors in order to decrease cell sensitivity.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J03.01 List and describe several types of stimuli that control production and secretion of hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J03 Control of hormone secretion.
Learning Objective: 17.06.01 Describe the conditions that influence the number of receptors available for a specific hormone.
Section: 17.06
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

The term down-regulation refers to the process by which

a glandular cell decreases the amount of hormone it secretes.
B. a large amount of hormone shuts down all metabolic activity in a target cell.
C. a cell decreases the number of receptors it has for a hormone.
D. a carrier protein increases the rate of degradation for a hormone and thereby decreases its blood concentration.
E. a carrier protein decreases the rate of degradation of the protein it ferries.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J03.01 List and describe several types of stimuli that control production and secretion of hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J03 Control of hormone secretion.
Learning Objective: 17.06.02 Define up-regulation and down-regulation.
Section: 17.06
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

As someone starts to develop in puberty, most cells in their reproductive organs are probably starting to express

more receptors for sex hormones.
B.

fewer receptors for sex hormones.

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: J03.01 List and describe several types of stimuli that control production and secretion of hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J03 Control of hormone secretion.
Learning Objective: 17.06.01 Describe the conditions that influence the number of receptors available for a specific hormone.
Section: 17.06
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Once a structure is fully grown and mature, it will probably

up-regulate its receptors for growth hormone, as it no longer receives as much of the ligand.

up-regulate its receptors for growth hormone, as it no longer needs to continue to grow at a fast rate.

down-regulate its receptors for growth hormone, as it no longer receives as much of the ligand.

down-regulate its receptors for growth hormone, as it no longer needs to continue to grow at a fast rate.

Glucagon and insulin work _________ on blood glucose levels.
A. antagonistically
B. permissively
C. synergistically

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J05.07c Pancreas: insulin, glucagon: Name the target tissue or cells for the hormone and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.06.03 Compare and contrast the three types of hormone interactions.
Section: 17.06
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

When the effects of one hormone reinforce the activity of another hormone on the same target cell, the interaction is said to be

agonistic.
B. antagonistic.
C. synergistic.
D. permissive.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J03.01 List and describe several types of stimuli that control production and secretion of hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J03 Control of hormone secretion.
Learning Objective: 17.06.03 Compare and contrast the three types of hormone interactions.
Section: 17.06
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Fill in the Blank Questions

When the activity of one hormone requires that of a second hormone, the interaction is said to be _________.
permissive

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J03.01 List and describe several types of stimuli that control production and secretion of hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J03 Control of hormone secretion.
Learning Objective: 17.06.03 Compare and contrast the three types of hormone interactions.
Section: 17.06
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

Multiple Choice Questions

The part of the brain that functions as a “master control center” of the endocrine system is the

pineal gland.
B. cerebral cortex.
C. spinal cord.
D. hypothalamus.
E. adrenal cortex.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J04.03 Explain the role of the hypothalamus in the release of anterior pituitary hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.07.01 Describe the anatomic relationship of the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

Within the infundibulum, the axons from neurons extending into the posterior pituitary are known as the

hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract.
B. primary plexus.
C. secondary plexus.
D. supraoptic portal system.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J04.01 Describe the locations of and the anatomical relationships between the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary and posterior pituitary glands.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.07.01 Describe the anatomic relationship of the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

The pituitary gland is located _________ to the hypothalamus and is connected by the ________.
A. superior, thalamus
B. inferior, infundibulum
C. inferior, epithalamus
D. posterior, infundibulum
E. superior, pars nervosa and primary plexus

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J04.01 Describe the locations of and the anatomical relationships between the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary and posterior pituitary glands.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.07.01 Describe the anatomic relationship of the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

Two regions of the hypothalamus that are associated with the posterior pituitary are the

primary plexus and pars distalis.
B. paraventricular nucleus and supraoptic nucleus.
C. supraoptic nucleus and pars distalis.
D. primary plexus and paraventricular nucleus.
E. pars tuberalis and pars intermedia.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J04.01 Describe the locations of and the anatomical relationships between the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary and posterior pituitary glands.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.07.02 Identify the specific structures associated with the posterior pituitary and the anterior pituitary.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

True / False Questions

The pars distalis is part of the adenohypophysis.
TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J05.01b Pituitary: growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin): Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.07.02 Identify the specific structures associated with the posterior pituitary and the anterior pituitary.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

Multiple Choice Questions

Which lobe of the pituitary is larger and secretes more hormones?
A. Anterior pituitary
B. Posterior pituitary

The hormone oxytocin is synthesized in the

anterior pituitary.
B. posterior pituitary.
C. paraventricular nucleus.
D. pineal gland.
E. nucleus of the solitary tract.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J05.01b Pituitary: growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin): Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.07.03 Identify the two hormones released from the posterior pituitary and describe how the hypothalamus controls their release.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

The hormones that come from the posterior pituitary

are synthesized there and are released upon signals from the anterior pituitary.
B. are synthesized in the hypothalamus and are released from the posterior pituitary when nerve signals arrive.
C. are synthesized in the anterior pituitary and are transported to and from the posterior pituitary by the primary and secondary plexus.
D. are synthesized in the posterior pituitary and released by the anterior pituitary by way of the hypophyseal portal system.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J05.01b Pituitary: growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin): Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.07.03 Identify the two hormones released from the posterior pituitary and describe how the hypothalamus controls their release.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

The two hormones released from the posterior pituitary are

oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone.
B. thyrotropin-releasing hormone and corticotropin-releasing hormone.
C. prolactin and growth hormone.
D. prolactin and vasopressin.
E. follicle-stimulating hormone and leutenizing hormone.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.01b Pituitary: growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin): Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.07.03 Identify the two hormones released from the posterior pituitary and describe how the hypothalamus controls their release.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

Where is the pituitary gland located?
A. Within the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone
B. Between the cerebrum and cerebellum, inferior to the occipital lobe
C. On the posterior surface of the thyroid gland
D. On the tracheal surface, inferior to the larynx
E. Within the third ventricle of the brain

The three distinct areas of the anterior pituitary are the

pars nervosa, pars distalis, and pars intermedia.
B. pars distalis, pars intermedia, and pars tuberalis.
C. pars tuberalis, median eminence, and pars intermedia.
D. pars tuberalis, pars distalis, and pars nervosa.
E. pars intermedia, median eminence, and pars distalis.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.01b Pituitary: growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin): Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.07.02 Identify the specific structures associated with the posterior pituitary and the anterior pituitary.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

In which order would blood flow through these structures as it travels from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland?
a: Primary plexus
b: Secondary plexus
c: Hypophyseal portal veins
A. a – b – c
B. a – c – b
C. c – a – b
D. b – a – c
E. c – b – a

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J04.01 Describe the locations of and the anatomical relationships between the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary and posterior pituitary glands.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.07.02 Identify the specific structures associated with the posterior pituitary and the anterior pituitary.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone is secreted by the

hypothalamus and it increases release of thyroid-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary.
B. hypothalamus and it increases release of thyroid-stimulating hormone from the posterior pituitary.
C. anterior pituitary and it increases release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland.
D. parathyroid hormone and it increases release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland.
E. thymus and it increases release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J04.03 Explain the role of the hypothalamus in the release of anterior pituitary hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.07.04 Explain how the hypothalamus controls the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary and the general functions of each.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

True / False Questions

The function of each of the regulatory hormones of the hypothalamus is to trigger the release of a tropic hormone from the pituitary.
FALSE

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J04.02 Define the terms releasing hormone, inhibiting hormone and tropic hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.07.04 Explain how the hypothalamus controls the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary and the general functions of each.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

Multiple Choice Questions

The hypothalamic hormone that triggers the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is

cortisol.
B. corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).
C. vasopressin.
D. adrenal follicle-stimulating hormone.
E. cortical stimulating factor (CSF).

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J04.03 Explain the role of the hypothalamus in the release of anterior pituitary hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.07.05 List the hormones released from the hypothalamus that control the anterior pituitary.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

True / False Questions

Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) is one of the regulatory hormones released by the hypothalamus that acts on the pituitary.
TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J04.03 Explain the role of the hypothalamus in the release of anterior pituitary hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.07.05 List the hormones released from the hypothalamus that control the anterior pituitary.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

Multiple Choice Questions

Which is not a tropic hormone?

Thyroid-stimulating hormone
B. Adrenocorticotropic hormone
C. Follicle-stimulating hormone
D. Prolactin

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J04.02 Define the terms releasing hormone, inhibiting hormone and tropic hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.07.04 Explain how the hypothalamus controls the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary and the general functions of each.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

Where are the target cells for follicle-stimulating hormone?
A. Thyroid follicles
B. Ovaries and testes
C. Mammary glands
D. Uterus
E. Hair follicles

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.01c Pituitary: growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin): Name the target tissue or cells for the hormone and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.07.04 Explain how the hypothalamus controls the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary and the general functions of each.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

The primary function of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is to

regulate salt and water balance by acting on the renal system.
B. stimulate glucocorticoid release from the adrenal glands.
C. stimulate adrenaline release from the adrenal medulla.
D. stimulate cell growth and cell division in muscle and bone.
E. stimulate the development of the folds on the surface of the brain.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.01c Pituitary: growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin): Name the target tissue or cells for the hormone and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.07.04 Explain how the hypothalamus controls the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary and the general functions of each.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

Which hormones are collectively called the gonadotropins?
A.Prolactin and oxytocin
B. Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin
C. Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone
D.

Follicle-stimulating hormone and growth hormone

Thyroid-stimulating hormone and adrenocorticotropic hormone

Growth hormone is secreted by __________ cells in the anterior pituitary.
A. somatotropic
B. gonadotropic
C. thyrotropic
D. mammotropic
E. corticotropic

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.01b Pituitary: growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin): Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.08.01 Describe the homeostatic system involving growth hormone.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

Which is not correct regarding growth hormone (GH)?
A. GH affects most body cells.
B. GH stimulates cell growth and mitosis.
C. GH is also known as somatotropin.
D. GH stimulates the kidney to secrete somatomedin.
E. GH is a tropic hormone.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.01c Pituitary: growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin): Name the target tissue or cells for the hormone and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.08.01 Describe the homeostatic system involving growth hormone.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

Exercise causes a(n) _______ in growth hormone (GH) levels; a rise in amino acid levels or decrease in glucose levels causes a(n) ________ in GH levels.

increase, increase
B. increase, decrease
C. decrease, decrease
D. decrease, increase

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: J05.01a Pituitary: growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin): Describe the stimulus for release of the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.08.01 Describe the homeostatic system involving growth hormone.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

Excessive secretion of growth hormone in adults can cause

Graves disease.
B. acromegaly.
C. pituitary gigantism.
D. pituitary dwarfism.
E. Cushing syndrome.

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: J09.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the various endocrine organs could not maintain homeostasis.
HAPS Topic: Module J09 Predictions related to homeostatic imbalance, including disease states & disorders.
Learning Objective: 17.08.01 Describe the homeostatic system involving growth hormone.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

The thyroid gland is located

anterior to the atria of the heart.
B. immediately anterior to the trachea.
C. immediately superior to the larynx.
D. immediately posterior to the cricoid cartilage.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.02b Thyroid gland: thyroxine, triiodothyronine, calcitonin: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.08.02 Describe thyroid gland location and anatomy.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

Which is not true about the thyroid gland?
A. It requires iodine to synthesize thyroid hormone.
B. It is located on the anterior surface of the trachea, inferior to the thyroid cartilage.
C. It has two lobes connected by a central portion called the commissure.
D. It secretes thyroid hormone in response to stimulation by TSH.
E. An enlargement of the thyroid gland is called a goiter.

Thyroid hormone synthesis involves secretion of a glycoprotein called ___________ by the follicular cells.
A. colloid
B. thyroxine
C. triiodothyronine
D. thyroglobulin
E. tetraiodothyronine

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.02b Thyroid gland: thyroxine, triiodothyronine, calcitonin: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.08.03 Discuss how thyroid hormones are produced, stored, and secreted.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

True / False Questions

When follicular cells of the thyroid are stimulated to secrete thyroid hormone (TH), they take up TH precursors from the inside of the follicle, transport and enzymatically modify them within a lysosome, and release TH to the blood.

TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J05.02b Thyroid gland: thyroxine, triiodothyronine, calcitonin: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.08.03 Discuss how thyroid hormones are produced, stored, and secreted.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Fill in the Blank Questions

Until thyroid hormone needs to be secreted, precursors to it are stored in a viscous, protein-rich fluid within the center of thyroid follicles. This viscous fluid is known as _________.
colloid

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.02a Thyroid gland: thyroxine, triiodothyronine, calcitonin: Describe the stimulus for release of the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.08.03 Discuss how thyroid hormones are produced, stored, and secreted.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Multiple Choice Questions

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is secreted by the

hypothalamus, and it targets cells of the posterior pituitary gland
B. hypothalamus, and it targets cells of the anterior pituitary gland.
C. anterior pituitary, and it targets follicular cells of the thyroid gland.
D. posterior pituitary, and it targets parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland.
E. thyroid gland, and it targets cells of the parathyroid gland.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.01c Pituitary: growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin): Name the target tissue or cells for the hormone and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.07.05 List the hormones released from the hypothalamus that control the anterior pituitary.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

Thyroid hormone’s effects are to

increase metabolic rate and body temperature by increasing protein synthesis in target cells.
B.

increase metabolic rate and body temperature by turning on the G protein, cAMP cascade.

decrease metabolic rate and body temperature by increasing protein synthesis in target cells.
D.

decrease metabolic rate and body temperature by turning on the G protein, cAMP cascade.

increase metabolic rate and body temperature by turning off the G protein, cAMP cascade.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J05.02d Thyroid gland: thyroxine, triiodothyronine, calcitonin: Predict the larger effect that fluctuations in the hormone level will have on conditions (variables) within the body.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.08.03 Discuss how thyroid hormones are produced, stored, and secreted.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

You are “shadowing” an endocrinologist who is examining a patient complaining of weakness, weight loss, and heat intolerance. The doctor points out the patient’s obvious exophthalmos and asks for your diagnosis. What would you speculate is the patient’s problem?
A. Hyposecretion of parathyroid hormone
B. Hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone
C. Hyposecretion of thyroid hormone
D. Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone
E. Hyposecretion of calcitonin

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: J09.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the various endocrine organs could not maintain homeostasis.
HAPS Topic: Module J09 Predictions related to homeostatic imbalance, including disease states & disorders.
Learning Objective: 17.08.04 Explain the control of thyroid hormone by the hypothalamus and pituitary.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

The release of hormones from the adrenal cortex is stimulated by

thyroid hormone.
B. adrenocorticotropic hormone.
C. oxytocin.
D. antidiuretic hormone.
E. luteinizing hormone.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.04a Adrenal gland: glucocorticoids (cortisol), mineralocorticoids (aldosterone), gonadocorticoids, epinephrine, norepinephrine: Describe the stimulus for release of the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.08.07 Describe how the hypothalamus controls the release of glucocorticoid (cortisol) and the effects of cortisol.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

Which hormone group is not secreted by the adrenal cortex?
A. Corticosteroids
B. Glucocorticoids
C. Mineralocorticoids
D. Gonadocorticoids
E. No exceptions; all choices are secreted by the adrenal cortex

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.04b Adrenal gland: glucocorticoids (cortisol), mineralocorticoids (aldosterone), gonadocorticoids, epinephrine, norepinephrine: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.08.06 Name the three zones of the adrenal cortex and the hormones produced in each zone.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Which region of the adrenal cortex synthesizes glucocorticoids?
A. Zona reticularis
B. Zona glucosa
C. Zona papillarosa
D. Zona fasciculata
E. Zona glomerulosa

What is the function of the mineralocorticoids secreted by the adrenal gland?
A.Regulate glucose levels in the blood
B. Act as secondary sex hormones
C. Stimulate metabolism of lipids
D. Regulate electrolyte concentration in body fluids
E. Stimulate metabolism of proteins

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.04d Adrenal gland: glucocorticoids (cortisol), mineralocorticoids (aldosterone), gonadocorticoids, epinephrine, norepinephrine: Predict the larger effect that fluctuations in the hormone level will have on conditions (variables) within the body.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.08.06 Name the three zones of the adrenal cortex and the hormones produced in each zone.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

The disease called ___________ is caused by excessive secretion of glucocorticoids, and is characterized by redistribution of body fat to produce characteristic features such as “moon face.”

Cushing syndrome
B. Addison disease
C. androgenital syndrome
D. pheochromocytoma
E. Graves disease

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J09.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the various endocrine organs could not maintain homeostasis.
HAPS Topic: Module J09 Predictions related to homeostatic imbalance, including disease states & disorders.
Learning Objective: 17.08.07 Describe how the hypothalamus controls the release of glucocorticoid (cortisol) and the effects of cortisol.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Clinical applications of the endocrine system

The release of hormones from the adrenal medulla is stimulated by

adrenocorticotropic hormone.
B. the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.
C. follicle-stimulating hormone.
D. growth hormone.
E. thyrotropic hormone.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.04a Adrenal gland: glucocorticoids (cortisol), mineralocorticoids (aldosterone), gonadocorticoids, epinephrine, norepinephrine: Describe the stimulus for release of the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.08.05 Describe the structure and location of the adrenal glands.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

The adrenal glands are located ________ to the parietal peritoneum and each has a cortex of a ________ color.
A. anterior, brown
B. anterior, yellow
C. posterior, brown
D. posterior, yellow

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.04b Adrenal gland: glucocorticoids (cortisol), mineralocorticoids (aldosterone), gonadocorticoids, epinephrine, norepinephrine: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.08.05 Describe the structure and location of the adrenal glands.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

True / False Questions

Increasing levels of cortisol inhibit the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).
TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J03.01 List and describe several types of stimuli that control production and secretion of hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J03 Control of hormone secretion.
Learning Objective: 17.08.07 Describe how the hypothalamus controls the release of glucocorticoid (cortisol) and the effects of cortisol.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Multiple Choice Questions

In most of its target cells, cortisol ________ glucose uptake and _______ protein metabolism.
A. increases, increases
B. increases, decreases
C. decreases, decreases
D. decreases, increases

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J05.07d Pancreas: insulin, glucagon: Predict the larger effect that fluctuations in the hormone level will have on conditions (variables) within the body.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.08.07 Describe how the hypothalamus controls the release of glucocorticoid (cortisol) and the effects of cortisol.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Cortisol binds to _________ receptors and has the effect of ________ blood glucose levels.
A. intracellular, raising
B. intracellular, lowering
C. membrane-bound, raising
D. membrane-bound, lowering

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J05.04c Adrenal gland: glucocorticoids (cortisol), mineralocorticoids (aldosterone), gonadocorticoids, epinephrine, norepinephrine: Name the target tissue or cells for the hormone and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.08.07 Describe how the hypothalamus controls the release of glucocorticoid (cortisol) and the effects of cortisol.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Which hormone induces its target cells to take up glucose, thereby lowering blood glucose levels?
A. Pancreatic polypeptide
B. Somatostatin
C. Glucagon
D. Insulin
E. Somatotropin

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.07d Pancreas: insulin, glucagon: Predict the larger effect that fluctuations in the hormone level will have on conditions (variables) within the body.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.09.03 Describe the action of insulin in lowering blood glucose concentration.
Section: 17.09
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Which is not a cell type found in the pancreatic islets?

Alpha cell
B. Delta cell
C. Beta cell
D. F cell
E. C cell

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.07b Pancreas: insulin, glucagon: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.09.02 Identify the primary types of pancreatic islet cells and the hormones they produce.
Section: 17.09
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

Which is not correct regarding the pancreas?
A. It is located posterior to the stomach, between the small intestine and the spleen.
B. It is a heterocrine, or mixed, gland.
C. It is elongated in shape, spongy, and nodular.
D. The majority of cells in the pancreas are pancreatic acini.
E. It does not begin to secrete its hormones until puberty.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.07b Pancreas: insulin, glucagon: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.09.01 Describe the gross anatomy and cellular structure of the pancreas.
Section: 17.09
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

In addition to secreting hormones, the pancreas also produces

white blood cells.
B. sodium chloride.
C. pancreatic juice.
D. endorphins.
E. prostaglandins.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.07b Pancreas: insulin, glucagon: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.09.01 Describe the gross anatomy and cellular structure of the pancreas.
Section: 17.09
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

In response to high blood glucose, the pancreas releases insulin to enable glucose to enter body cells. When the blood glucose level returns to normal, insulin release stops. This is an example of regulation by

endocrine dysplasia.
B. negative feedback.
C. positive feedback.
D. neural regulation.
E. somatic regulation.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J03.02 Describe the roles of negative and positive feedback in controlling hormone release.
HAPS Topic: Module J03 Control of hormone secretion.
Learning Objective: 17.09.03 Describe the action of insulin in lowering blood glucose concentration.
Section: 17.09
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

The hormone that increases the rate of glycogen breakdown and glucose release by the liver is

insulin.
B. glucagon.
C. glucocorticoid.
D. somatostatin.
E. epinephrine.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.07d Pancreas: insulin, glucagon: Predict the larger effect that fluctuations in the hormone level will have on conditions (variables) within the body.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.09.04 Explain the action of glucagon in raising blood glucose concentration.
Section: 17.09
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Which hormone is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas?
A. Insulin
B. Glucagon
C. Somatostatin
D. Pancreatic polypeptide
E. Pancreatic lipase

The metabolic condition called ___________ results from the destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas due to an autoimmune response.
A. Type 2 diabetes
B. gestational diabetes
C. beta cell diabetes
D. insulin-independent diabetes mellitus
E. Type 1 diabetes

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J09.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the endocrine organs that could disrupt homeostasis.
HAPS Topic: Module J09 Predictions related to homeostatic imbalance, including disease states & disorders.
Learning Objective: 17.09.02 Identify the primary types of pancreatic islet cells and the hormones they produce.
Section: 17.09
Topic: Clinical applications of the endocrine system

Fill in the Blank Questions

Alpha cells of the pancreas secrete the hormone _________.
glucagon

Multiple Choice Questions

The pancreas is located ________ to the stomach, and it lies between the duodenum and the ________.
A. anterior, liver
B. anterior, spleen
C. posterior, liver
D. posterior, spleen

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.07b Pancreas: insulin, glucagon: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.09.01 Describe the gross anatomy and cellular structure of the pancreas.
Section: 17.09
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

Insulin causes a(n) _______ in glycogenesis in the liver and a(n) _______ in lipogenesis in adipose.
A. increase, increase
B. increase, decrease
C. decrease, decrease
D. decrease, increase

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J05.07c Pancreas: insulin, glucagon: Name the target tissue or cells for the hormone and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.09.03 Describe the action of insulin in lowering blood glucose concentration.
Section: 17.09
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Glucagon works by

binding to hormone response elements on DNA and stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.
B. binding to hormone response elements on DNA and stimulating glycogenesis.
C. activating second messengers and stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.
D. activating second messengers and stimulating glycogenesis.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: J05.07c Pancreas: insulin, glucagon: Name the target tissue or cells for the hormone and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.09.04 Explain the action of glucagon in raising blood glucose concentration.
Section: 17.09
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland?
A. Melatonin
B. Insulin
C. Melanin
D. Cortisol
E. Oxytocin

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J01.01 Describe the major functions of the endocrine system.
HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system.
Learning Objective: 17.10.01 Describe the general structure, location, and function of the pineal gland.
Section: 17.10
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

How does aging affect the endocrine system?
A.Secretory activity of endocrine glands decreases.
B. Normal levels of hormones, particularly growth hormone and sex hormones, often decrease.
C. Aging reduces the efficiency of endocrine system functions.
D. Endocrine system imbalances can lead to weight gain or muscle loss.
E.

All of the choices are correct.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J09.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the endocrine organs that could disrupt homeostasis.
HAPS Topic: Module J09 Predictions related to homeostatic imbalance, including disease states & disorders.
Learning Objective: 17.11.01 Describe how endocrine activity changes as people age.
Section: 17.11
Topic: Effects of aging on the endocrine system

Compared to young adults, the elderly usually have ______ levels of circulating growth hormone and _____ levels of circulating sex hormones.
A. higher, higher
B. higher, lower
C. lower, lower
D. lower, higher

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J09.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the endocrine organs that could disrupt homeostasis.
HAPS Topic: Module J09 Predictions related to homeostatic imbalance, including disease states & disorders.
Learning Objective: 17.11.01 Describe how endocrine activity changes as people age.
Section: 17.11
Topic: Effects of aging on the endocrine system

This figure shows the endocrine system. Which number indicates the thymus gland?
A.

2
C.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 17.02
HAPS Objective: J05.09b Thymus: thymosin: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.02.02 Identify the major endocrine glands and their location within the body.
Section: 17.01
Section: 17.02
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

This figure shows the endocrine system. Which structure does number 4 indicate?

Adrenal gland
B. Thyroid gland
C. Pituitary gland
D. Pancreas
E. Hypothalamus

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 17.02
HAPS Objective: J05.07b Pancreas: insulin, glucagon: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.02.02 Identify the major endocrine glands and their location within the body.
Section: 17.01
Section: 17.02
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

This figure shows the pituitary gland. Which number indicates the pars tuberalis?
A.1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 6

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 17.11
HAPS Objective: J04.01 Describe the locations of and the anatomical relationships between the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary and posterior pituitary glands.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.07.02 Identify the specific structures associated with the posterior pituitary and the anterior pituitary.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

This figure shows the pituitary gland. Which number indicates the pars nervosa?

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 17.11
HAPS Objective: J04.01 Describe the locations of and the anatomical relationships between the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary and posterior pituitary glands.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.07.01 Describe the anatomic relationship of the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

This figure shows the pituitary gland. Which numbers indicate structures that belong to the anterior pituitary?
A.

2, 3, 4

5, 6

3, 4, 5

1, 2

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 17.11
HAPS Objective: J04.01 Describe the locations of and the anatomical relationships between the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary and posterior pituitary glands.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.07.01 Describe the anatomic relationship of the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

This figure shows an example of regulation of hormone secretion by a negative feedback loop. The large box labeled 1 represents the initial stimulus. What hormones are represented by the small boxes labeled a, b, and c?
A.a = TSH, b = TRH, c = TH
B. a = TIH, b = TSH, c = TH
C. a = TRH, b = TSH, c = TIH
D. a = TRH, b = TSH, c = TH
E. a = TSH, b = TH, c = TRH

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J03.02 Describe the roles of negative and positive feedback in controlling hormone release.
HAPS Topic: Module J03 Control of hormone secretion.
Learning Objective: 17.08.04 Explain the control of thyroid hormone by the hypothalamus and pituitary.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Topic: Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion

This figure shows an example of regulation of hormone secretion by a negative feedback loop. The large box labeled 1 represents the initial stimulus. What endocrine glands are indicated by the letters d and e?
A.d = hypothalamus, e = posterior pituitary
B. d = thalamus, e = anterior pituitary
C. d = hypothalamus, e = anterior pituitary
D. d = hypothalamus, e = thyroid gland
E. d = thalamus, e = posterior pituitary

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J04.03 Explain the role of the hypothalamus in the release of anterior pituitary hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.08.04 Explain the control of thyroid hormone by the hypothalamus and pituitary.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Anatomy of endocrine glands

This figure shows an example of regulation of hormone secretion by a negative feedback loop. The large box labeled 1 represents the initial stimulus. Which could be the initial stimulus for this pattern of regulation?
A.High blood calcium level
B. Low body temperature
C. Low blood sugar level
D. High WBC (white blood cell) count
E. Low RBC (red blood cell) count

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: J03.02 Describe the roles of negative and positive feedback in controlling hormone release.
HAPS Topic: Module J03 Control of hormone secretion.
Learning Objective: 17.08.04 Explain the control of thyroid hormone by the hypothalamus and pituitary.
Section: 17.08
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

True / False Questions

All hormone secretion is under the direct control of the hypothalamus.
FALSE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J04.03 Explain the role of the hypothalamus in the release of anterior pituitary hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.02.03 Explain the three reflex mechanisms for regulating secretion of hormones.
Section: 17.02
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

The posterior pituitary does not produce its own hormones but stores hormones produced by the hypothalamus.
TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J04.04 Explain the role of the hypothalamus in the production and release of posterior pituitary hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.07.03 Identify the two hormones released from the posterior pituitary and describe how the hypothalamus controls their release.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions

The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions.
TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.07b Pancreas: insulin, glucagon: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.09.01 Describe the gross anatomy and cellular structure of the pancreas.
Section: 17.09
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Somatostatin suppresses the release of pancreatic polypeptide.
FALSE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J04.03 Explain the role of the hypothalamus in the release of anterior pituitary hormones.
HAPS Topic: Module J04 Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland.
Learning Objective: 17.07.05 List the hormones released from the hypothalamus that control the anterior pituitary.
Section: 17.07
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Pancreatic hormones are secreted directly into the pancreatic duct for rapid transport to the small intestine.
FALSE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.07b Pancreas: insulin, glucagon: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.09.01 Describe the gross anatomy and cellular structure of the pancreas.
Section: 17.09
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Multiple Choice Questions

Which of the following is false?

The pineal gland forms part of the epithalamus.

The pineal gland is found within the diencephalon of the brain.

The pineal gland secretes melatonin in a cyclical fashion.

Melatonin makes us feel alert and awake.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Objective: 17.10.01 Describe the general structure, location, and function of the pineal gland.
Section: 17.10
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

True / False Questions

Parathyroid hormone functions to raise blood calcium levels.

TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.03d Parathyroid gland: parathyroid hormone: Predict the larger effect that fluctuations in the hormone level will have on conditions (variables) within the body.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.10.02 Describe the general structure, location, and function of the parathyroid glands.
Section: 17.10
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Multiple Choice Questions

During thyroid surgery, a surgeon mistakenly removes the parathyroid glands from his patient. Which of the following is a likely outcome in the patient?

Blood calcium levels will drop.

His kidneys will decrease the loss of calcium in the urine.

He will lose bone mass due to excessive bone erosion.

His blood sugar will increase.

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: J05.03d Parathyroid gland: parathyroid hormone: Predict the larger effect that fluctuations in the hormone level will have on conditions (variables) within the body.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.10.02 Describe the general structure, location, and function of the parathyroid glands.
Section: 17.10
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Which of the following does not have an endocrine function?

Urinary bladder

Adipose tissue

Liver

Small intestine

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.11b Gastrointestinal tract: gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin, motilin, gastric inhibiting peptide: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Objective: J05.12c Adipose tissue: leptin, resistin: Name the target tissue or cells for the hormone and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.10.03 Identify and provide a description of the general function of the hormone(s) released from each of the organs discussed in this section.
Section: 17.10
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

True / False Questions

The thymus gland secretes erythropoietin in response to low blood oxygen.

FALSE

The kidneys secrete erythropoietin in response to low blood oxygen.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: J05.09b Thymus: thymosin: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone.
HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body.
Learning Objective: 17.10.03 Identify and provide a description of the general function of the hormone(s) released from each of the organs discussed in this section.
Section: 17.10
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions

Anatomy And Physiologyan Integrative Approach 2nd Edition by McKinley – Test Bank

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