Traditions & Encounters A Global Perspective on the Past 6Th Edition By Jerry Bentley – Test Bank

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Sample Questions Posted Below

 

Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

Chapter 05

Early Society in Mainland East Asia

Multiple Choice Questions

1. (p. 91) The legendary founder of the Xia dynasty, who constructed dikes and dams and

organized flood control projects, was

A. Confucius.

B. Erlitou.

C. King Yu.

D. Prince Wu.

E. Prince Shun.

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

2. (p. 91) The legendary early Chinese sage-king who ordered the four seasons and who

established uniform weights, measures, and units of time was

A. Qin Shihuangdi.

B. Shun.

C. Confucius.

D. Yu.

E. Moksha.

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

3. (p. 92) Groups of Homo erectus made their appearance in east Asia

A. more than one million years ago.

B. about five hundred thousand years ago.

C. eight hundred thousand years ago.

D. around fifty thousand years ago.

E. ten thousand years ago.

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

4. (p. 92) Which river takes its name from its light-colored loess soil?

A. Yangzi

B. Xi Jiang

C. Chengdu

D. Meking

E. Huang He

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

5. (p. 92) The Huang He River was given the nickname

A. China’s Sorrow.

B. Mandate of Heaven.

C. China’s Father.

D. Yellow Terror.

E. Old Man.

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

6. (p. 92) Which of the following was true of the Yellow River in China?

A. The region around the Yellow River was unworkable for agriculture until metal tools were

developed.

B. The course of the Yellow River has remained remarkably table for the last ten thousand

years.

C. It provides for stable agriculture because it rarely floods.

D. It’s soil is extremely fertile and easy to work.

E. The unpredictable nature of the river prevented organized society until 2500 B.C.E.

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

7. (p. 93) Which neolithic society flourished in China between 5000 and 3000 B.C.E.?

A. Xia

B. Yangshao

C. Shang

D. Zhou

E. Yu

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

8. (p. 93) The most important archaeological site from the neolithic Yangshao culture is

A. Banpo.

B. Huang He.

C. Xia.

D. Ao.

E. Shun.

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

9. (p. 93-96) Which of the following answers is correct chronologically?

A. Xia, Zhou, Shang, Qin

B. Shang, Yangshao, Xia, Zhou

C. Yangshao, Xia, Shang, Zhou

D. Yangshao, Shang, Xia, Zhou

E. Zhou, Shang, Yangshao, Xia

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

10. (p. 93) The first attempt to organize public life in China on a large scale occurred during the

A. Shang dynasty.

B. Yangshao culture.

C. Xia dynasty.

D. Zhou dynasty.

E. Banpo period.

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

11. (p. 93) The capital of the Xia dynasty may have been

A. Ao.

B. Banpo.

C. Beijing.

D. Erlitou.

E. Mohenjo-daro.

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

12. (p. 93-94) The Shang rulers were strengthened by their control over the technological

advantage of

A. iron.

B. bronze.

C. tin.

D. copper.

E. steel.

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

13. (p. 94) Along with bronze weapons, the Shang nobles used ________ to devastating effect

against their opponents.

A. the bronze axe

B. the bow and arrow

C. long pikes

D. spear-throwers

E. chariots

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

14. (p. 94) The Shang enjoyed a military advantage with armies as large as

A. two thousand troops.

B. eight thousand troops.

C. thirteen thousand troops.

D. forty-two thousand troops.

E. one-hundred thousand troops.

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

15. (p. 95) Ao was an important early capital of the ________ dynasty.

A. Qin

B. Xia

C. Zhou

D. Shang

E. Harappan

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

16. (p. 95) The last capital of the Shang dynasty, which featured lavish tombs for the kings, was

A. Yin.

B. Beijing.

C. Erlitou.

D. Banpo.

E. Shun.

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

17. (p. 97) Which dynasty laid the foundation for principles of government and political

legitimacy?

A. Xia

B. Zhou

C. Shang

D. Qin

E. Yangshao

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

18. (p. 97) The mandate of heaven

A. gave the Chinese emperors unlimited power.

B. created the notion of the Chinese emperors as gods.

C. positioned China as a theocracy ruled by priests.

D. allowed the ruler to serve as a link between the heavens and the earth.

E. originated with the Indo-Europeans before they reached China.

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

19. (p. 97) Because of the immense size of the Zhou state, its emperors were forced to

A. rely on a decentralized system of government.

B. rule through the use of incredible terror.

C. establish a rule based on the accepted divinity of the ruler.

D. bring in troops from their Indian allies.

E. practice a rudimentary form of democracy.

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

20. (p. 97) One of the reasons for the eventual collapse of the Zhou dynasty was the inability of

its emperors to control the production of

A. bronze.

B. iron.

C. tin.

D. copper.

E. steel.

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

21. (p. 98) The “Period of the Warring States” refers to the

A. early war between China and India.

B. conquest of later Shang emperors by the rising Zhou military forces.

C. chaotic last centuries of the Zhou dynasty.

D. period of disunity before Xia unification.

E. political disunity during the Qin dynasty.

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

22. (p. 101) In ancient China, which group presided at the rites and ceremonies honoring

ancestors’ spirits?

A. members of the official priesthood

B. women represented the nurturing earth goddess

C. the Buddhist hierarchy

D. the patriarchal heads of the families

E. Shinto priests

Topic: Ancient Chinese Family and Society

23. (p. 101) Which group retained much more influence on family structure in China than in

other lands?

A. the extended family

B. the nuclear family

C. the matriarchal heads of the families

D. members of the cult of Isis

E. slaves

Topic: Ancient Chinese Family and Society

24. (p. 102) In regard to gaining or losing the mandate of heaven, the Chinese spoke of

A. tian, an impersonal heavenly power.

B. the influence of the great god Luoyang.

C. the influential decisions of the official priesthood.

D. the intervention of the Buddha.

E. military might.

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

25. (p. 103) The Chinese began to make extensive use of writing during the ________ dynasty.

A. Xia

B. Zhou

C. Qin

D. Shang

E. Yangshao

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

26. (p. 103) In an effort to foretell the future, the Shang made use of

A. a careful examination of the movements of the planets.

B. sheep’s entrails.

C. oracle bones.

D. prophetic visions brought about by consuming soma.

E. tea leaves.

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

27. (p. 103-104) Writing during the Shang period was made up of around

A. twenty-two letters.

B. fifty letters.

C. five hundred characters.

D. two thousand characters.

E. six thousand characters, including an alphabetic component.

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

28. (p. 104) The lines, “This young lady is going to her future home/And will order well her

chamber and house” come from

A. Confucius.

B. the Book of History.

C. the Book of Songs.

D. ancient texts discussing the unthinking obedience called for in the mandate of heaven.

E. the Lawbook of Manu.

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

29. (p. 105) Many of the early Chinese literary works were destroyed by

A. a major fire in the main Zhou library.

B. order of the first Qin emperor.

C. the incompetence of the later Zhou emperors.

D. Mongol raids during the Shang dynasty.

E. the wreck of a ship carrying the emperor’s personal library.

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

30. (p. 104) Which of the following works was NOT one of the Zhou classics?

A. Book of Changes

B. Book of Songs

C. Book of the Emperors

D. Book of History

E. Book of Rites

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

31. (p. 105) Early China enjoyed lasting direct long-distance trade with

A. India.

B. Mesopotamia.

C. Egypt.

D. Persia.

E. None of these answers is correct.

Topic: Ancient China and the Larger World

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

32. (p. 106) The early Chinese shipped textiles and metal goods to the nomads of the Central

Asian steppes and typically received what in return?

A. horses

B. grain

C. raw materials

D. military protection

E. silk

Topic: Ancient China and the Larger World

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

33. (p. 106-107) The nomadic tribes to the north and west of China traded with the Zhou

A. and eventually completely copied Chinese culture.

B. but did not imitate Chinese ways.

C. and were conquered by the Zhou emperors.

D. and brought profound cultural influences to the Chinese.

E. and eventually brought China under their control.

Topic: Ancient China and the Larger World

34. (p. 107) The powerful southern rival to the Zhou were the

A. Xia.

B. Yangzi.

C. Chu.

D. Huang He.

E. Yu.

Topic: Ancient China and the Larger World

True / False Questions

35. (p. 91) The legendary first dynasty in Chinese history was the Xia dynasty.

TRUE

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

36. (p. 97) The “mandate of heaven” was the Chinese ideal that expressed the right to govern.

TRUE

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

37. (p. 93) Banpo is a neolithic village from the Yangshao culture period.

TRUE

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

38. (p. 102) The Chinese impersonal heavenly power was known as tian.

TRUE

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

39. (p. 103) Preserved oracle bones have helped to reveal the day-to-day concerns of the Shang

royal court.

TRUE

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

40. (p. 92) The Huang He provided both extremely fertile soil for agriculture and periodic and

unpredictable destruction through major floods.

TRUE

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

41. (p. 97) The Zhou dynasty (1766-1122 B.C.E.) monopolized the technology of iron

metallurgy.

FALSE

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

42. (p. 104) The Book of Songs was a Zhou collection of verses.

TRUE

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

43. (p. 95) Banpo was the capital during the last centuries of the Shang dynasty.

FALSE

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

Essay Questions

44. A poem from the Book of Songs contains the lines, “Large rats! Large rats! / Do not eat

our millet.” Who are the rats in this poem? What was life like for the Chinese peasants during

the Zhou dynasty? How common was this type of protest from any peasants of the ancient

world?

Answers will vary

Topic: Ancient Chinese Family and Society

45. The following lines are drawn from the Book of Songs: “Of all the men in the world/There

are none equal to brothers.” How does this reflect the importance of the family in ancient

China? Was there a connection between the structure of the family and the structure of the

state?

Answers will vary

Topic: Ancient Chinese Family and Society

46. Early Chinese society has been described as being uniquely secular. Is this a fair

assessment? Why or why not? Explain your answer by comparing the importance of religion

in China to its importance in other early societies.

Answers will vary

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

47. In what fundamental ways was the mandate of heaven different from other governmental

systems in the ancient world? What were the limitations of the mandate of heaven?

Answers will vary

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

48. What can the Book of Songs tell us about life in ancient China? Compare the Book of

Songs to other literary works of the ancient world. How does life in China differ from life in

other societies?

Answers will vary

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

49. What could the use of oracle bones tell us about the ancient Chinese Shang dynasty? Was

this practice nothing more than superstition? Did other ancient societies attempt to foretell the

future?

Answers will vary

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

50. What does the “mandate of heaven” tell us about the philosophy, religion, and social

structure of the ancient Chinese?

Answers will vary

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

51. How important was the development of writing to the ancient Chinese? Trace the

evolution of this practice.

Answers will vary

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

52. Discuss the influence of ancient China. What ancient innovations continued to shape

Chinese thought over the centuries? How did the ancient Chinese influence their neighbors?

Answers will vary

Topic: Ancient China and the Larger World

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

53. Examine the social structure of early China. Describe the lives of the peasants and slaves.

Answers will vary

Topic: Ancient Chinese Family and Society

54. Discuss the role of women in early Chinese society. Why was China such a strongly

patriarchal society? How did the role of women change over the centuries?

Answers will vary

Topic: Ancient Chinese Family and Society

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

55. Examine the Xia and Shang dynasties. What influence did these early dynasties have on

later Chinese history?

Answers will vary

Topic: Ancient Chinese Family and Society

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

56. Examine the role that changing technology played in the Shang and Zhou dynasties.

Answers will vary

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

57. In what ways was the Zhou dynasty the foundation for Chinese thought and society?

Answers will vary

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

58. Describe the political and cultural relationship between the state of Chu and the Zhou

dynasty.

Answers will vary

Topic: Ancient China and the Larger World

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

59. Examine Chinese political history from the Yangshao society through the decline of the

Zhou dynasty. What were the major themes and turning points during this period?

Answers will vary

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

60. Look at Map 5.1, the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties, 2200-256 B.C.E. Trace the

expansion of Chinese political power. How did the major contributions of these three

dynasties relate to their geographical location?

Answers will vary

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

61. Examine Map 5.2, China during the Period of the Warring States, 403-221 B.C.E. Why

were the Zhou rulers losing control over China? In what ways did this period of confusion set

the stage for true unification under the Qin dynasty?

Answers will vary

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

62. Look at the picture of peasants preparing their field for cultivation on page 100. What was

the life of the Chinese peasant like? Did the mandate of heaven help the plight of the

peasants?

Answers will vary

Topic: Ancient Chinese Family and Society

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

63. Examine the picture of the Shang oracle bone on page 104. What was the idea behind the

oracle bones? Was there more to this practice than simple superstition?

Answers will vary

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

64. Look at the representation of the evolution of Chinese characters on page 105. How did

the characters evolve from the early figures to the later ones? What role did writing play in the

advancement of Chinese society?

Answers will vary

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

65. Examine the section from the Book of Songs regarding peasants (see Textbook: Sources

from the Past: Peasants’ Protest). In what ways does this poetry serve as social criticism? How

unusual would such criticism be in the ancient world?

Answers will vary

Topic: Ancient Chinese Family and Society

66. Examine the section from the Book of Songs regarding family solidarity (see Textbook:

Sources from the Past: Family Solidarity in Ancient China). How does this poem reflect the

Chinese emphasis on family?

Answers will vary

Topic: Ancient Chinese Family and Society

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

67. What do the legends of the three sage-kings tell us about the matters of greatest

importance to the people of the early east Asian societies?

Answers will vary

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

68. How did the physical features of the land and waters in east Asia influence the

development of the culture?

Answers will vary

Topic: Ancient Chinese Family and Society

Topic: Early Chinese Political Organization

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

69. Describe the different social orders that developed during the first three dynasties.

Answers will vary

Topic: Ancient Chinese Family and Society

70. What is the relationship between patriarchy and ancestor worship in early China?

Answers will vary

Topic: Ancient Chinese Family and Society

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McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 – Early Society in Mainland East Asia

71. What do we know about writing and literature during the Zhou? Why is our knowledge so

limited?

Answers will vary

Topic: Early Chinese Writing and Cultural Development

72. Describe the relationship between the Chinese society under the dynasties and the people

of the steppe lands. How did these cultures differ? How did they influence each other?

Answers will vary

Topic: Ancient China and the Larger World

73. What was the relationship between the culture of the Yellow River and that of the Yangzi

valley?

Answers will vary

Topic: Ancient China and the Larger World

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McGraw-Hill Education.