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Sample Questions Posted Below

Chapter 05 Test bank: Earthquakes

Student: _______________________________________________________________________________________

1. What is the difference between earthquake magnitude and intensity?

A. Magnitude documents earthquake damage, intensity measures size.

B. Magnitude measures earthquake size, intensity documents damage.

C. There is little difference, they both relate to size and damage.

2. Where are the largest magnitude earthquakes most common?

A. at mid-ocean ridges

B. at transform boundaries

C. at subduction zones

3. Which location is most likely to experience a large earthquake?

A. mid-ocean ridge

B. subduction zone

C. hot-spot

4. What are the vibrations caused by earthquakes?

A. faults

B. orphan tsunamis

C. seismic waves

5. What is an earthquake?

A. a release of energy

B. a seismic wave

C. a fault

6. This is the actual location of an earthquake including its depth.

A. focus

B. epicenter

C. fault plane

7. How far does a fault move during a large earthquake?

A. 1-5 centimeters

B. 1-5 meters

C. 1-5 kilometers

8. This is the average length of time before stresses build large enough to cause an earthquake to

occur in some location.

A. recurrence interval

B. fault interval

C. epicenter interval9. This type of fault movement results in sideways movement.

A. strike-slip

B. dip-slip

C. transverse

10. These regions along a fault zone are considered most likely to be the sites of future

earthquakes than other portions of that fault zone.

A. epicenter

B. focus

C. seismic gap

11. These seismic waves have the highest average velocity.

A. P waves

B. S waves

C. surface waves

12. What does earthquake intensity measure?

A. energy released from earthquake

B. amplitude of seismic waves on seismogram

C. damage resulting from the earthquake

D. displacement on faults

13. What does Richter earthquake magnitude measure?

A. energy released from earthquake

B. amplitude of seismic waves on seismogram

C. damage resulting from an earthquake

D. displacement on faults

14. Where is earthquake damage generally the greatest?

A. Alaska

B. CaliforniaC. in the Rockies

15. What factors are most important in evaluating earthquake hazards?

A. population density and number of faults

B. earthquake size and depth

C. distances from plate boundaries and shorelines

16. These instruments measure deformation along a fault.

A. seismometers and strain meters

B. strainmeters and creepmeters

C. creepmeters and seismometers

17. Which of the following concerning earthquakes is not accurate?

A. Land based earthquakes generally kill people by collapsing buildings or hillsides on people.

B. The shaking associated with earthquakes is caused as energy stored along a fault is released

and travels away as waves or vibrations.

C. Earthquakes are created in part because of elastic deformation and rebound.

D. It is not yet possible to make accurate short-term predictions concerning earthquake location

and magnitude.

E. Earthquake epicenters always occur along fault scarps or traces on the earth’s surface.

18. Which of the following is not related to seismographs?

A. It is a device that can record seismic waves traveling along and through the Earth.

B. It creates a record that can be used to identify the magnitude of the earthquake.

C. It is capable of recording P-waves S-waves, and surface waves.

D. Using a single seismograph, it is possible to tell how far away the station is from the

earthquake’s epicenter.

E. All of these choices are correct.

19. You are sitting in a boat on a lake, fishing peacefully when you hear a low rumble, then

experience a shudder that seems to pass through the boat. About 10 seconds later, you see trees

on the shore begin to sway violently from side to side, but you don’t feel anything in the boat.

Which statement best describes what has happened?A. There was an earthquake that created P-waves but no S-waves, which why you felt the boat

shudder and the trees started to sway only after enough energy waves had passed to get them

moving

B. There was an earthquake that created P- and S-waves, but they arrived at the same time so

they could not be felt as separate events

C. There was an earthquake that generated P- and S-waves, but since P-waves travel through all

states of matter and S-waves travel only through solids, you could only feel the P-waves on the

boat, but not the S-waves that shook the trees

D. There was an earthquake that created only S-waves, which you experienced in the boat as a

series of vibrations that eventually became large enough to shake the trees

E. None of these choices are correct.

20. ________ travel the fastest of energy waves produced by earthquakes and can travel through

______, whereas ____- waves are slower and can travel through _________

A. P-waves; solids only; S-waves; solids, liquids, or gases.

B. S-waves; solids, liquids, and gases; P-waves; liquids only.

C. P-waves; solids, liquids or gases; S-waves; solids only.

D. S-waves; solids only; P-waves; solids, liquids, or gases.

E. None of these choices are correct.

Read the following exert from a USGS report concerning a recent earthquake and answer this

question.

Special Report: The Hector Mine Earthquake, 10/16/1999

A M7.1 earthquake occurred at 2:46 a.m. local time on 10/16/1999.

The event was located in a remote, sparsely-populated part of the Mojave Desert of California,

approximately 47 miles east-southeast of Barstow and 32 miles north of Joshua Tree (see map

next page). The initial magnitude estimate of 7.0 was upgraded to 7.1 on October 18, 1999,

based on in-depth analysis of “teleseismic” data recorded worldwide.

The earthquake occurred on the Lavic Lake fault, one of a series of north-northwest trending

faults through the eastern Mojave shear zone. Geologists from the U.S. Geological Survey and

Southern California Earthquake Center were able to fly over the rupture (which is within the

Twenty Nine Palms Marine Base) on the afternoon of October 16 and documented a 40-km long

surface rupture. The aerial photos show an apparent maximum offset of 3.8-4.7 meters. These

preliminary estimates for both fault length and slip are consistent with expectations for a

magnitude 7.0 earthquake, although the slip is perhaps somewhat larger than average. The fault

is one of a series of closely spaced, northwest-trending, right-lateral strike slip faults that traverse

this portion of the Mojave Desert. Together, these faults within what is termed the Mojave Shear

Zone serve to relieve a small portion of the stresses that build up along the boundary between the

Pacific and North American tectonic plates.

An interesting aspect of the Hector Mine earthquake is that it occurred only 7 years after the

1992 Landers and Joshua Tree earthquakes, which occurred on similar faults within the Mojave

Shear Zone. This apparent clustering of earthquakes may be purely coincidental, but scientists

are conducting research to see if this kind of earthquake behavior is typical of this region. That

is, perhaps many of the Mojave Shear Zone faults produce earthquakes within a short timeinterval (perhaps spanning several hundred or more years), followed by several thousands of

years of quiescence.

21. What evidence was used to identify the exact location of the fault responsible for the

earthquake?

A. Teleseismic data

B. Reported by local population

C. Surface rupture

D. Previous history of earthquakes

22. There was considerable offset caused by this earthquake but little damage caused by this

earthquake. Why?

A. The earthquake epicenter was in a remote location.

B. The earthquake occurred early in the morning.

C. The earthquake had a shallow focus.

D. Stress was relieved along the Mojave Shear Zone.

23. What is the current hypothesis scientists are investigating with regard to this fault system?

A. Earthquake magnitudes determined from fault-slip and teleseismic observations are similar.

B. Strike-slip faults in the Mojave Shear Zone relieve stress along the North American and

Pacific plates.

C. Earthquakes in this region occur in clusters.

D. This is a region of quiescence.

Use the following map related to the December 24th, 2004 Sumatra earthquake to answer this

question.24. How would you characterize the depth of the Sumatra earthquake?

A. Shallow depth

B. Moderate depth

C. Deep

25. What is the tectonic reason this earthquake occurred?

A. It is near a transform boundary.

B. It is near a subduction zone.

C. It is near a mid-ocean ridge.

26. What type of fault caused the canal damage shown in the following photograph (photo

courtesy USGS)?A. Normal fault

B. Reverse fault

C. Strike-slip

Analyze the table below that shows USGS data for earthquake zones in Alaska and use it to

answer this question.

27. What is the trend when comparing slip rate to recurrence interval?A. The larger the slip rate the smaller the recurrence interval

B. The larger the slip rate the larger the recurrence interval

C. There is no obvious slip-rate, recurrence relationship

28. What is the trend when comparing slip rate to estimated magnitude?

A. The larger the slip rate the smaller the estimated magnitude.

B. The larger the slip rate the larger the estimated magnitude.

C. There is no obvious slip-magnitude relationship.

Three seismograms for a single earthquake with an epicenter in Columbia are shown below. The

data are from stations that were at very different distances from the epicenter. Arrows denote

arrival of P and S waves. Note: Vertical scales are not all the same.

29. Place the seismograms in order based on their distance from the epicenter, closest to farthest

away.

A. A, B, C

B. B, C, A

C. C, B, A

D. A, C, B

30. Which seismic wave arrived between 11-12 on the bottom seismogram (station ASCN)?

A. P-wave

B. S-wave

C. Surface wave

31. Suppose you were near the epicenter and felt the Earth move as if you were in the ocean.

What type of seismic wave would you have experienced?

A. P-waveB. S-wave

C. Surface wave

32. How much more ground motion does a Richter magnitude 5 earthquake generate compared

to a Richter magnitude 3 earthquake?

A. 2 times

B. 5 times

C. 10 times

D. 100 times

33. Suppose two earthquakes with the same magnitude, depth, and relative motion occur in two

cities, A and B. City A is near a plate boundary, city B is far from a plate boundary. Which

earthquake would cause the most shaking farthest from the epicenter?

A. The one in city A because there are many nearby faults

B. The one in city A because there are few nearby faults

C. The one in city B because there are many nearby faults

D. The one in city B because there are few nearby faults

The map below shows the predicted liquefaction probability near Oakland, CA, for a

hypothetical magnitude 7.1 earthquake on the Hayward fault. Use it to answer this question.

34. Why is the probability of liquefaction highest near the water?

A. Because that is where a tsunami may occur

B. Because that location has saturated, loose material

C. Because that location is farthest from the fault

35. Analyze the foci indicated by the arrows on the graph displayed below. What type of plate

boundary is present between 180-190 degrees longitude?A. Divergent

B. Convergent

C. Transform

Analyze the earthquake data graphed below and answer the question. The data displayed here are

for recorded earthquakes from November to December in 2006. Earthquake magnitudes are

binned such that 2 includes all magnitudes from 2 to less than 3, magnitude 3 includes those

from 3 to less than 4 and so forth.

36. Smaller magnitude earthquakes occur more frequently than larger magnitude earthquakes. So

why do these actual data show fewer magnitude 2 and 3 earthquakes than magnitude 4

earthquakes?

A. The scientists who made that observation were wrong.

B. The reported numbers are limited by technology.

C. This region only experiences larger earthquakes.Complete the concept map by selecting the correct responses from the lists provided.

37. Complete the concept map by selecting the correct responses from number 1.

A. Cracks in the crust

B. Vibrations

C. Foci

D. Epicenters

38. Complete the concept map by selecting the correct responses from number 2.

A. Cliffs

B. Coasts

C. Faults

D. Epicenters

39. Complete the concept map by selecting the correct responses from number 3.

A. Plate boundaries

B. Coasts

C. Faults

D. Epicenters

40. Complete the concept map by selecting the correct responses from number 4.A. 10’s of kilometers

B. 100’s of kilometers

C. 1000’s of kilometers

41. Complete the concept map by selecting the correct responses from number 5.

A. Normal or reverse fault

B. Strike-slip fault

C. Locked fault

42. Complete the concept map by selecting the correct responses from number 6.

A. Normal or reverse fault

B. Strike-slip fault

C. Locked fault

43. Complete the concept map by selecting the correct responses from number 7.

A. 10’s of meters

B. 100’s of meters

C. 1000’s of meters

44. Complete the concept map by selecting the correct responses from number 8.

A. Vertically

B. Horizontally

C. Above one another

45. Complete the concept map by selecting the correct responses from number 9.

A. Fault scarp

B. Crack

C. Canyon

46. What type of plate boundary is most likely to generate a tsunami?

A. Convergent

B. Divergent

C. Transform

earthquake?

A. Tulsa

B. Memphis

47. Analyze the above schematic map for an earthquake. Where is the epicenter of theC. Richmond

48. Analyze the above schematic map for an earthquake. Which seismometers are needed to find

the epicenter?

A. Memphis only

B. Memphis and Richmond

C. Memphis, Richmond and Tulsa

49. This type of fault movement is the most likely to result in a fault scarp.

A. Strike-slip fault

B. Reverse fault

C. Transverse fault

50. Suppose you were standing on a solid surface when P-waves from a nearby earthquake

arrived and you could feel them. What ground motion sensation would you feel?

A. The ground would move vertically beneath you, moving you up and down.

B. The ground would move horizontally beneath you, shaking you side to side.

C. The ground would move both vertically and horizontally at the same time.

51. Suppose you were standing on a solid surface when S-waves from a nearby earthquake

arrived and you could feel them. What ground motion sensation would you feel?

A. The ground would move vertically beneath you, moving you up and down.

B. The ground would move horizontally beneath you, shaking you side to side.

C. The ground would move both vertically and horizontally at the same time.

52. Suppose you read this description of an earthquake from the 1880’s. “The ground shook so

hard that books fell off the desk.” Which scale would be most appropriate for this type of

information?

A. Mercalli

B. Richter

C. Moment

53. What does moment earthquake magnitude measure?

A. Energy released from earthquake

B. Amplitude of seismic waves on seismogram

C. Damage resulting from an earthquake

D. Displacement on faults

54. What is the Mercalli Intensity scale based upon?

A. Damage and human reports

B. Seismic wave amplitude

C. Measurements from seismometers

55. Suppose three identical magnitude 3 earthquakes occur in three different locations. The

epicenters are Anchorage (Alaska), Los Angeles (California) and Boston (Massachusetts). Which

location would most likely experience the largest intensity the farthest from the epicenter?

A. California

B. Alaska

C. Massachusetts56. Suppose two identical magnitude 6 earthquakes occur in two different locations. The

locations are San Diego, California and Istanbul, Turkey. Based on what you know from this

chapter, which location would likely suffer the most casualties and why?

A. San Diego because building codes are better enforced than in Istanbul.

B. San Diego because building codes are less enforced than in Istanbul.

C. Istanbul because building codes are better enforced than in San Diego.

D. Istanbul because building codes are less enforced than in San Diego.

57. This earthquake-generated hazard can occur when seismic waves shake saturated soils.

A. Liquefaction

B. Uplift

C. Tsunami

58. Consider the 26 December, 2004 Indonesia earthquake where over 200,000 people died. If

there had been an adequate tsunami warning system, how much time would there have been to

get people to higher ground?

A. A few hours to a few days

B. A few minutes to a few hours

C. There was not enough time to get people to safety

59. The amplitude of an earthquake is recorded by three different seismograph stations. The

seismograph station in Milwaukee, WI records an amplitude of 5 mm; the seismograph station in

Toronto, ON records an amplitude of 7.5 mm; and the seismograph station in Portland, ME

records and amplitude of 10 mm. Which city is closest to the epicenter of the earthquake?

A. Milwaukee, WI

B. Toronto, ON

C. Portland, ME

D. Not enough data is given to answer

E. All three cities are equal distance from the earthquake epicenter

Read the following paragraph and then answer this question.

Scientists studying stands of dead “ghost” trees in Washington state recognized similarities

between these trees and similar ghost forests that were created following an earthquake in the

Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, in 1964. Radiocarbon dating of the dead trees indicated that they were

killed between the years 1680 and 1720 by an earthquake occurring along the Cascadia fault, a

convergent boundary between the Juan de Fuca and North American plates, located in the Pacific

Northwest. The discovery of sandy layers of soil deposited by a tsunami, dated to the same time

period, supported the Cascadia earthquake hypothesis. Another group of Japanese scientists

hypothesized that this earthquake may have been responsible for a tsunami recorded to have

struck the coast of Japan in the year 1700. Additional analysis by dendrochronologists

determined that the ghost forest trees likely died between the years 1699-1700, supporting the

Japanese hypothesis. The discovery of a recent earthquake along the Cascadia fault led to morestrict building codes in the Pacific Northwest, helping to protect the millions of people who live

near the fault.

60. Which of the four primary roles of earth scientists is best illustrated in this paragraph?

A. Protecting against natural hazards

B. Finding and sustaining Earth’s resources

C. Protecting the health of the environment

D. Ensuring the future of human life

61. What type of fault is the Cascadia fault?

A. Normal fault

B. Reverse fault

C. Strike-slip fault

62. For a long time, scientists thought that there was a correlation between fault length and

earthquake magnitude. Which recent earthquake challenged this assumption, generating a larger

than expected fault slip from a shorter than expected fault?

A. The 2004 Sumatra earthquake

B. The 1994 Northridge earthquake

C. The 2011 Tohoku earthquake

D. The 2010 Haiti earthquake

63. P and S waves are both body waves.

True False

64. Magnitude is a measure of the size of an earthquake while intensity deals with the

earthquake’s effect on humans.

True False

65. The earthquake magnitude system has a maximum value of 9.

True False

66. Earthquakes can occur in any location.

True False

67. Rocks near faults can deform before they rupture.

True False

68. Earthquake hazard maps are based on probability.True False

69. For most earthquakes (except megathrust earthquakes), the movement along faults rarely

exceeds 5 meters (16 feet).

True False

70. A magnitude 8.0 earthquake will always cause more damage and loss of human life than a

magnitude 7.0 earthquake.

True False

71. Normal faults are most common at divergent plate boundaries.

True False

72. At least three seismograph stations from three different locations are required to determine

the epicenter of an earthquake.

True False

73. A Richter magnitude 6 earthquake has about double the ground motion compared to a

Richter magnitude 5 earthquake.

True False

Chapter 05 Test bank: Earthquakes KEY

1. What is the difference between earthquake magnitude and intensity?

A. Magnitude documents earthquake damage, intensity measures size.

B. Magnitude measures earthquake size, intensity documents damage.

C. There is little difference, they both relate to size and damage.

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Bloom’s: Level 2. Understand

Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

Gradable: automatic

Section: 05.05 Measurement of Earthquakes

Topic: Measuring Earthquake Magnitude

2. Where are the largest magnitude earthquakes most common?

A. at mid-ocean ridges

B. at transform boundaries

C. at subduction zonesAccessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Level 2. Understand

Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

Gradable: automatic

Section: 05.03 Faults, Earthquakes, and Plate Tectonics

Topic: Effects of Plate Movement and Faults

3. Which location is most likely to experience a large earthquake?

A. mid-ocean ridge

B. subduction zone

C. hot-spot

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Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

Gradable: automatic

Section: 05.03 Faults, Earthquakes, and Plate Tectonics

Topic: Effects of Plate Movement and Faults

4. What are the vibrations caused by earthquakes?

A. faults

B. orphan tsunamis

C. seismic waves

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Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

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Section: 05.04 Seismic Waves and Earthquake Detection

Topic: Types of Seismic Waves

5. What is an earthquake?

A. a release of energy

B. a seismic wave

C. a fault

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Section: 05.04 Seismic Waves and Earthquake Detection

Topic: Features of Faults and Earthquakes

6. This is the actual location of an earthquake including its depth.

A. focus

B. epicenter

C. fault plane

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Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

Gradable: automatic

Section: 05.03 Faults, Earthquakes, and Plate Tectonics

Topic: Features of Faults and Earthquakes

7. How far does a fault move during a large earthquake?

A. 1-5 centimeters

B. 1-5 meters

C. 1-5 kilometers

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Section: 05.03 Faults, Earthquakes, and Plate TectonicsTopic: Features of Faults and Earthquakes

8. This is the average length of time before stresses build large enough to cause an earthquake to

occur in some location.

A. recurrence interval

B. fault interval

C. epicenter interval

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Bloom’s: Level 1. Remember

Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

Gradable: automatic

Section: 05.03 Faults, Earthquakes, and Plate Tectonics

Topic: Features of Faults and Earthquakes

9. This type of fault movement results in sideways movement.

A. strike-slip

B. dip-slip

C. transverse

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Bloom’s: Level 1. Remember

Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

Gradable: automatic

Section: 05.03 Faults, Earthquakes, and Plate Tectonics

Topic: Features of Faults and Earthquakes

10. These regions along a fault zone are considered most likely to be the sites of future

earthquakes than other portions of that fault zone.

A. epicenter

B. focus

C. seismic gap

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Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

Gradable: automatic

Section: 05.03 Faults, Earthquakes, and Plate Tectonics

Topic: Features of Faults and Earthquakes

11. These seismic waves have the highest average velocity.

A. P waves

B. S waves

C. surface waves

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Bloom’s: Level 1. RememberChapter: 05 Earthquakes

Gradable: automatic

Section: 05.04 Seismic Waves and Earthquake Detection

Topic: Types of Seismic Waves

12. What does earthquake intensity measure?

A. energy released from earthquake

B. amplitude of seismic waves on seismogram

C. damage resulting from the earthquake

D. displacement on faults

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Bloom’s: Level 1. Remember

Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

Gradable: automatic

Section: 05.05 Measurement of Earthquakes

Topic: Measuring Earthquake Intensity

13. What does Richter earthquake magnitude measure?

A. energy released from earthquake

B. amplitude of seismic waves on seismogram

C. damage resulting from an earthquake

D. displacement on faults

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Bloom’s: Level 1. Remember

Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

Gradable: automatic

Section: 05.05 Measurement of Earthquakes

Topic: Measuring Earthquake Intensity

14. Where is earthquake damage generally the greatest?

A. Alaska

B. California

C. in the Rockies

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Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

Gradable: automatic

Section: 05.06 Earthquake Hazards

Topic: Earthquake Hazards

15. What factors are most important in evaluating earthquake hazards?

A. population density and number of faults

B. earthquake size and depthC. distances from plate boundaries and shorelines

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Section: 05.06 Earthquake Hazards

Topic: Earthquake Hazards

16. These instruments measure deformation along a fault.

A. seismometers and strain meters

B. strainmeters and creepmeters

C. creepmeters and seismometers

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Bloom’s: Level 1. Remember

Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

Gradable: automatic

Section: 05.03 Faults, Earthquakes, and Plate Tectonics

Topic: Effects of Plate Movement and Faults

17. Which of the following concerning earthquakes is not accurate?

A. Land based earthquakes generally kill people by collapsing buildings or hillsides on people.

B. The shaking associated with earthquakes is caused as energy stored along a fault is released

and travels away as waves or vibrations.

C. Earthquakes are created in part because of elastic deformation and rebound.

D. It is not yet possible to make accurate short-term predictions concerning earthquake location

and magnitude.

E. Earthquake epicenters always occur along fault scarps or traces on the earth’s surface.

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Bloom’s: Level 2. Understand

Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

Gradable: automatic

Section: 05.03 Faults, Earthquakes, and Plate Tectonics

Topic: Features of Faults and Earthquakes

18. Which of the following is not related to seismographs?

A. It is a device that can record seismic waves traveling along and through the Earth.

B. It creates a record that can be used to identify the magnitude of the earthquake.

C. It is capable of recording P-waves S-waves, and surface waves.

D. Using a single seismograph, it is possible to tell how far away the station is from the

earthquake’s epicenter.

E. All of these choices are correct.

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Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

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Section: 05.05 Measurement of EarthquakesTopic: Measuring Earthquake Magnitude

19. You are sitting in a boat on a lake, fishing peacefully when you hear a low rumble, then

experience a shudder that seems to pass through the boat. About 10 seconds later, you see trees

on the shore begin to sway violently from side to side, but you don’t feel anything in the boat.

Which statement best describes what has happened?

A. There was an earthquake that created P-waves but no S-waves, which why you felt the boat

shudder and the trees started to sway only after enough energy waves had passed to get them

moving

B. There was an earthquake that created P- and S-waves, but they arrived at the same time so

they could not be felt as separate events

C. There was an earthquake that generated P- and S-waves, but since P-waves travel through all

states of matter and S-waves travel only through solids, you could only feel the P-waves on the

boat, but not the S-waves that shook the trees

D. There was an earthquake that created only S-waves, which you experienced in the boat as a

series of vibrations that eventually became large enough to shake the trees

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

Gradable: automatic

Section: 05.04 Seismic Waves and Earthquake Detection

Topic: Types of Seismic Waves

20. ________ travel the fastest of energy waves produced by earthquakes and can travel through

______, whereas ____- waves are slower and can travel through _________

A. P-waves; solids only; S-waves; solids, liquids, or gases.

B. S-waves; solids, liquids, and gases; P-waves; liquids only.

C. P-waves; solids, liquids or gases; S-waves; solids only.

D. S-waves; solids only; P-waves; solids, liquids, or gases.

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Bloom’s: Level 2. Understand

Chapter: 05 Earthquakes

Gradable: automatic

Section: 05.04 Seismic Waves and Earthquake Detection

Topic: Types of Seismic Waves

Read the following exert from a USGS report concerning a recent earthquake and answer this

question.

Special Report: The Hector Mine Earthquake, 10/16/1999

A M7.1 earthquake occurred at 2:46 a.m. local time on 10/16/1999.

The event was located in a remote, sparsely-populated part of the Mojave Desert of California,

approximately 47 miles east-southeast of Barstow and 32 miles north of Joshua Tree (see map

next page). The initial magnitude estimate of 7.0 was upgraded to 7.1 on October 18, 1999,

based on in-depth analysis of “teleseismic” data recorded worldwide.The earthquake occurred on the Lavic Lake fault, one of a series of north-northwest trending