The Brief American Pageant A History of the Republic, Volume II Since 1865 9th Edition by David M. Kennedy – Test Bank

Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Posted Below

 

Chapter 25—America Moves to the City, 1865-1900

SHORT ANSWER

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:

1. Jane Addams

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Reactions to the New Immigration | Families and Women in the City

2. Florence Kelley

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Reactions to the New Immigration

3. Theodore Dreiser

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

4. Walter Rauschenbusch

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Reactions to the New Immigration

5. Booker T. Washington

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Booker T. Washington and Education for Black People

6. W. E. B. Du Bois

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Booker T. Washington and Education for Black People

7. William James

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Hallowed Halls of Ivy8. Henry James

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

9. Victoria Woodhull

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The New Morality

10. Edward Bellamy

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Apostles of Reform

11. Stephen Crane

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

12. Mark Twain

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

13. Charlotte Perkins Gilman

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Families and Women in the City

14. Carrie Chapman Catt

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Families and Women in the City

15. Cardinal James Gibbons

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge

16. Dwight L. Moody

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge17. Louis Sullivan

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Urban Frontier

18. Mary Baker Eddy

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge

19. Charles Darwin

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge

20. Joseph Pulitzer

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Appeal of the Press

21. William Randolph Hearst

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Appeal of the Press

22. Horatio Alger

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

23. General Lewis Wallace

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

24. realism

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

25. naturalism

ANS: Answers will vary.REF: Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

26. Kate Chopin

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

27. William Dean Howells

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

28. Henry Adams

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

29. Jack London

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

30. Macy’s and Marshall Field’s

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Urban Frontier

31. Ida B. Wells

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Families and Women in the City

32. James Whistler

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Artistic Triumphs

33. John Singer Sargent

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Artistic Triumphs

34. Mary Cassatt

ANS: Answers will vary.REF: Artistic Triumphs

35. regionalism

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

36. Thomas Eakins

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Artistic Triumphs

37. Winslow Homer

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Artistic Triumphs

38. Augustus Saint-Gaudens

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Artistic Triumphs

39. City Beautiful movement

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Artistic Triumphs

40. dumbbell tenements

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Urban Frontier

41. settlement houses

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Reactions to the New Immigration

42. nativism

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Narrowing the Welcome Mat

43. “talented tenth”ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Booker T. Washington and Education for Black People

44. pragmatism

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Hallowed Halls of Ivy

45. yellow journalism

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Appeal of the Press

46. megalopolis

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Urban Frontier

47. “bedroom communities”

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Urban Frontier

48. greenbelt of affluence

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Urban Frontier

49. parochial

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The New Immigration | The Lust for Learning

50. “social gospel”

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Reactions to the New Immigration

51. sweatshop

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Reactions to the New Immigration

52. paupersANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Urban Frontier | Narrowing the Welcome Mat

53. “natural selection”

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge

54. land-grant colleges

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Hallowed Halls of Ivy

55. syndicated

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Appeal of the Press

56. Statue of Liberty

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Narrowing the Welcome Mat

57. feminist

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The New Morality | Families and Women in the City | Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

58. New Immigrants

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The New Immigration

59. World’s Columbian Exposition

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Artistic Triumphs

60. Hull House

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Reactions to the New Immigration61. American Protective Association

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Narrowing the Welcome Mat

62. Salvation Army

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge

63. Chautauqua movement

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Lust for Learning

64. Morrill Act (1862)

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Hallowed Halls of Ivy

65. Hatch Act (1887)

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Hallowed Halls of Ivy

66. Comstock Law

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The New Morality

67. National American Woman Suffrage Association

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Families and Women in the City

68. Women’s Christian Temperance Union

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Families and Women in the City

69. Tuskegee Institute

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Booker T. Washington and Education for Black People70. liberal Protestants

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge

71. Church of Christ, Scientist (Christian Science)

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge

72. George Washington Carver

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Booker T. Washington and Education for Black People

73. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Booker T. Washington and Education for Black People

74. Young Men’s and Women’s Christian Associations (YMCA and YWCA)

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge

75. The Nation

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Apostles of Reform

76. ”Wild West” shows

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: The Business of Amusement

77. Wyoming Territory

ANS: Answers will vary.

REF: Families and Women in the City

MULTIPLE CHOICE

78. New York’s Grand Central Terminal and Central Park were79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. a. b. c. d. e. built to handle the heavy influx of immigrants in the nineteenth century.

funded by the urban political machine.

notable for providing jobs to millions of unskilled, immigrant workers.

constructed as part of the City Beautiful Movement.

designed by Baron Georges Hausmann.

ANS: D REF: Artistic Triumphs

The major factor in drawing country people off the farms and into the big cities was

a. b. c. d. e. the development of the skyscraper.

the availability of industrial jobs.

the compact nature of those large communities.

the advent of new housing structures known as dumbbell tenements.

a dislike of rural living.

ANS: B REF: The Urban Frontier

One of the early symbols of the dawning era of consumerism in urban America was

a. celebrity endorsements of products.

b. the Sears catalog.

c. advertising billboards.

d. public transportation systems.

e. the rise of department stores.

ANS: E REF: The Urban Frontier

In urban slums, eight-story buildings called ____ crammed people into tight quarters with only tiny air

shafts offering poor ventilation.

a. slum tenements

b. dumbbell tenements

c. bedroom communities

d. “asphalt jungles”

e. settlement houses

ANS: B REF: The Urban Frontier

The New Immigrants who came to the United States after 1880

a. b. c. d. e. had lived in democratic governments.

came primarily from Britain and western Europe.

came primarily from southern and eastern Europe.

received a warm welcome from the Old Immigrants.

lived in ethnically diverse neighborhoods across America.

ANS: C REF: The New Immigration

Most Italian immigrants to the United States between 1880 and 1920

a. hoped to escape political oppression.

b. were primarily young men.

c. came in family groups.

d. returned to Italy after a few months.

e. were better educated than other immigrant groups.

ANS: B REF: Makers of America: The Italians

Most of the New Immigrants who came to America

a. hoped to return to Europe as soon as they could.b. c. d. e. quickly adopted American language and cultural ways.

gained easy entry into the middle class.

struggled heroically to preserve their traditional cultures.

looked down upon native Americans as culturally inferior.

ANS: D REF: The New Immigration

85. Politically, most New Immigrants in the big cities were best served by

a. b. c. d. the “padrones” who arranged their employment.

political machines and bosses who traded services and favors for votes.

social reformers who promoted “good government.”

state legislatures and state governments.

e. the federal government.

ANS: B REF: Reactions to the New Immigration

86. What did advocates of the “social gospel,” believe?

a. b. c. d. e. That God wanted workers to be content with their station in life

That the church should not concern itself in the social affairs of the world

That the traditional Christian gospel needed replacing

That Christians should found a new political party based on religious principles

That the church should attempt to solve the social problems of the day, such as slums and

factories

87. 88. 89. 90. ANS: E REF: Reactions to the New Immigration

The early settlement house workers such as Jane Addams and Florence Kelley established the basis for

the profession of

a. language specialist.

b. social worker.

c. administrative assistant.

d. criminal psychologist.

e. nursing.

ANS: B REF: Reactions to the New Immigration

Settlement houses such as Hull House engaged in all of the following activities EXCEPT

a. providing child care services for working mothers.

b. offering instruction in English.

c. encouraging cultural activities.

d. organizing for socialist causes.

e. counseling to help newcomers cope with American big city life.

ANS: D REF: Reactions to the New Immigration

The place that offered the greatest opportunities for American women in the period 18651900 was

a. the big city.

b. the West.

c. suburban communities.

d. rural America.

e. New England.

ANS: A REF: Reactions to the New Immigration

In the late nineteenth century, jobs as secretaries, department store clerks, bookkeepers, and telephone

operators were largely reserved fora. Jews.

b. first-generation immigrants.

c. young people.

d. the college-educated.

e. women.

ANS: E REF: Families and Women in the City

91. Labor unions favored immigration restriction because they claimed immigrants shared all of these

traits EXCEPT that they were

a. unwilling to work hard.

b. used as strikebreakers.

c. willing to work for lower wages.

d. difficult to unionize.

e. nonEnglish speaking.

ANS: A REF: Narrowing the Welcome Mat

92. The American Protective Association

a. b. c. d. e. preached the social gospel that churches were obligated to protect New Immigrants.

was led for many years by Florence Kelley and Jane Addams.

promoted anti-Catholicism and immigration restrictions.

established settlement houses in several major cities in order to aid New Immigrants.

sought to educate immigrants in principles of Americanism.

ANS: C REF: Narrowing the Welcome Mat

93. The religious denomination that benefited most from the New Immigration was the

a. Roman Catholics.

b. Baptists.

c. Episcopalians.

d. Christian Scientists.

e. Disciples of Christ.

ANS: A REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge

94. Liberal Protestants, whose ideas came to dominate American Protestantism between 1875 and 1925,

advocated all of the following EXCEPT

a. rejecting biblical literalism.

b. supporting the gospel of wealth.

c. reconciling Christianity with scientific and economic ideas.

d. supporting the social gospel.

e. adapting religious ideas to modern culture.

ANS: B REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge

95. Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution explicitly rejected the “dogma of special creation” by

a. b. reconciling Biblical teaching and modern science.

universally appealing to all scientists, who wholeheartedly accepted his idea of natural

selection.

c. d. e. .

appealing to a literal interpretation of the Bible.

advocating the theory that evolution takes place by an orderly and predictable process.

providing a material explanation for the evolutionary process.

ANS: E REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge96. 97. 98. 99. 100. 101. Which philosophical issue divided the Christian religious community into basically two camps?

a. The theory of evolution

b. Poverty and its causes

c. Immigration

d. Women’s suffrage

e. Urban decay

ANS: A REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge

What ultimately helped keep child labor in check?

a. Crusades by female activists against the abuses of child labor

b. Compulsory education

c. Intervention by church leaders

d. A federal child labor law

e. Resistance by poor and immigrant families

ANS: B REF: The Lust for Learning

With the growth of public schools in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries,

a. b. c. d. e. more immigrants were able to apply for and achieve U.S. citizenship.

every state passed laws requiring that children attend school through grade 12.

private school attendance dropped dramatically.

black and white students were taught in the same schools nationwide.

rates of illiteracy dropped from 20 to just over 10 percent.

ANS: E REF: The Lust for Learning

In promoting economic and educational opportunities for black Americans, Booker T. Washington

was

a. b. c. d. e. willing to accept segregation and social inequality.

determined not to take funds from whites.

making a call for immediate equality among all African Americans with the rest of the

country.

willing to form an alliance with W. E. B. Du Bois.

determined to develop strong black liberal arts colleges.

ANS: A REF: Booker T. Washington and Education for Black People

Who was the first African American to earn a Ph.D. from Harvard?

a. Booker T. Washington

b. George Washington Carver

c. Frank Norris

d. W.E.B. Du Bois

e. Ida B. Wells

ANS: D REF: Booker T. Washington and Education for Black People

Booker T. Washington led ____, an industrial school in Alabama that focuses on training black

students in agriculture and the trades.

a. Vassar College

b. Washington University

c. Howard University

d. Tuskegee Institute

e. Spellman College102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. ANS: D REF: Booker T. Washington and Education for Black People

The Morrill Act of 1862

a. established women’s colleges.

b. required compulsory school attendance through high school.

c. established the modern American research university.

d. mandated racial integration in public schools.

e. provided grants of public land to the states for support of public higher education.

ANS: E REF: The Hallowed Halls of Ivy

Black leader Dr. W. E. B. Du Bois

a. b. c. d. e. demanded complete equality for African Americans.

established an industrial school at Tuskegee, Alabama.

supported the goals of Booker T. Washington.

was an ex-slave who rose to fame.

disliked blacks who pursued elite educations.

ANS: A REF: Booker T. Washington and Education for Black People

By 1900, women were roughly ____ of all college graduates.

a. one-fourth

b. one-half

c. one-third

d. one-eighth

e. one-tenth

ANS: C REF: The Hallowed Halls of Ivy

After joining Tuskegee Institute, ____ became internationally famous for discovering hundreds of new

uses for the peanut, sweet potato, and soybean.

a. Booker T. Washington

b. W.E.B. Du Bois

c. Ida B. Wells

d. George Washington Carver

e. Paul Dunbar

ANS: D REF: Booker T. Washington and Education for Black People

Which of these institutions had the first high-grade graduate school in America?

a. Johns Hopkins

b. University of California

c. Ohio State University

d. University of Virginia

e. Texas A&M University

ANS: A REF: The Hallowed Halls of Ivy

Associated with the scholar William James, the philosophy of pragmatism maintains that ____ is/are

important.

a. b. c. d. e. the logically correct formulation of a theory

the practical consequences of an idea

foregoing materialism in favor of high ideals

how you think, not what you do

knowledge is innate in the human mind108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. ANS: B REF: The Hallowed Halls of Ivy

America’s greatest contribution to the history of philosophy was with

a. Puritanism.

b. Enlightenment rationalism.

c. naturalism.

d. pragmatism.

e. socialism.

ANS: D REF: The Hallowed Halls of Ivy

In general, late-nineteenth-century American journalism

a. printed hard-hitting editorials.

b. crusaded for social reform.

c. d. e. became known for its tough, investigative reporting.

was led by eloquent and witty columnists.

turned to sensationalist sex and scandal.

ANS: E REF: The Appeal of the Press

Which successful businessman of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries had been expelled

from Harvard College?

a. Joseph Pulitzer

b. Henry George

c. William Randolph Hearst

d. John D. Rockefeller

e. Leland Stanford Junior

ANS: C REF: The Appeal of the Press

Henry George argued that the unearned windfall profits of landowners who had not worked to improve

their property should be

a. b. c. d. e. taxed at a rate of 100 percent and used to eliminate economic equality.

distributed to public works through private philanthropy.

saved and invested for the benefit of the community.

handed over to public schools.

prevented through communal land ownership.

ANS: A REF: Apostles of Reform

In 1888, journalist-reformer Edward Bellamy published a futuristic and socialistic novel entitled ____,

in which the hero discovers an idyllic government that solved social problems by nationalizing big

business.

a. Progress and Poverty

b. My Struggles

c. Looking Backward

d. It Can’t Happen Here

e. The Iron Heal

ANS: C REF: Apostles of Reform

General Lewis Wallace’s novel Ben Hur

a. b. c. achieved success only after his death.

was based on a popular early movie.

advocated social reform while setting its story in the ancient Roman world.114. d. was based on Wallace’s experiences in the Civil War.

e. defended Christianity against Darwinism.

ANS: E REF: Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

Match each of these late-nineteenth-century writers with the theme of his or her work.

A. Kate Chopin 1. sexual realism and disregard for prevailing moral

standards

B. Theodore Dreiser 2. women’s ambitions and feminist yearning

C. Henry James 3. contemporary social problems like divorce, labor

strikes, and socialism

D. William Dean Howells 4. psychological realism with women as central

characters

115. 116. 117. 118. a. A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1

b. A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4

c. A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3

d. A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2

e. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1

ANS: C REF: Postwar Fiction, Lowbrow and High

Who waged a lifelong war on immorality and saw him/herself as the defender of sexual purity?

a. Victoria Woodhull

b. Henry George

c. Jane Addams

d. Anthony Comstock

e. Edwin L. Godkin

ANS: D REF: The New Morality

Victoria Woodhull and her sister were prominent advocates of

a. racial equality.

b. public health.

c. capitalism.

d. woman suffrage.

e. free love and feminism.

ANS: E REF: The New Morality

In the decades after the Civil War, changes in sexual attitudes and practices were reflected in all of

these trends EXCEPT

a. soaring divorce rates.

b. the spreading practice of birth control.

c. marriage at an earlier age.

d. increasingly frank discussion of sexual topics.

e. young women frequenting dance halls and night clubs.

ANS: C REF: The New Morality

In the course of the late nineteenth century,

a. the birthrate increased.

b. the divorce rate fell.

c. family size gradually declined.

d. people tended to marry at an early age.119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. e. children lived longer at home.

ANS: C REF: Families and Women in the City

By 1900, Carrie Chapman Catt and other advocates of women’s suffrage

a. b. c. d. argued that women’s biology gave them a fundamentally different character from men.

insisted on women’s equal natural and human rights.

formed strong alliances with AfricanAmericans who were seeking voting rights.

argued that the vote would enable women to extend their roles as mothers and

homemakers to the public world.

e. were willing to accept separate women’s education as the price of gaining the vote.

ANS: D REF: Families and Women in the City

The author of Women and Economics, ____ advocated that women abandon their dependent status by

joining the labor market.

a. Carrie Chapman Catt

b. Charlotte Perkins Gilman

c. Jane Addams

d. Elizabeth Cady Stanton

e. Mary Baker Eddy

ANS: B REF: Families and Women in the City

The National American Woman Suffrage Association

a. b. c. d. e. achieved its goal in 1898.

conducted an integrated campaign for equal rights.

abandoned the goals of the original suffrage movement.

proved unable to reform marriage property laws.

was founded by early suffrage pioneers such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton

ANS: E REF: Families and Women in the City

The most prominent African American female activist of the late nineteenth century, ____ mounted a

campaign to end lynching.

a. Sojourner Truth

b. Toni Morrison

c. Mary McLeod Bethune

d. Ida B. Wells

e. Harriet Tubman

ANS: D REF: Families and Women in the City

Proponents of the “City Beautiful” movement wanted urban spaces to be beautiful, harmonious, and

a. artistic.

b. orderly.

c. divided into distinct districts.

d. crime-free.

e. well-lit.

ANS: B REF: Artistic Triumphs

What is an example of the City Beautiful Movement?

a. The advent of the skyscraper

b. The World’s Columbian Exposition

c. The birth of the architectural profession125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. d. e. The decline of public parks

The shuttering of tenement buildings

ANS: B REF: Artistic Triumphs

Which sport offers a clear example of Americans’ growing interest in spectator sports in the late

nineteenth century?

a. Soccer

b. Football

c. Basketball

d. Croquet

e. Ice hockey

ANS: B REF: The Business of Amusement

A uniquely American form of leisure entertainment, “Wild West” shows featured

a. African American minstrels in black-face.

b. historical re-enactments of western Civil War battles.

c. male and female sharp-shooters.

d. buffalo kills.

e. drinking competitions.

ANS: C REF: The Business of Amusement

Basketball was invented by YMCA instructor ____ in 1891 and quickly became popular.

a. “Gentleman Jim” Corbett

b. James A. Bailey

c. Bill Cody

d. Daniel Burnham

e. James Naismith

ANS: E REF: The Business of Amusement

What was true of the cities that emerged in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

a. b. c. d. e. They were built so people lived and worked in the same general areas.

They were particularly appealing to young people seeking independence.

Few had electricity or indoor plumbing.

The new urban department stores only hired middle and upper class women.

With so much crowding, cities were unable to be segregated by race and ethnicity.

ANS: B REF: The Urban Frontier

Who led the successful effort for a law in Illinois banning child labor?

a. Florence Kelley

b. Lillian Wald

c. Kate Chopin

d. Carrie Chapman Catt

e. Charlotte Perkins Gilman

ANS: A REF: Reactions to the New Immigrants

By 1900, congressional legislation barred ____ from immigrating to America.

a. Italians and Poles

b. contract workers and criminals

c. non-English-speaking people

d. Jews131. 132. 133. 134. e. socialists

ANS: B REF: Narrowing the Welcome Mat

Which group of New Immigrants was the rare example of those who had experienced city life before

coming to America?

a. Italians

b. Poles

c. Chinese

d. Jews

e. Greeks

ANS: D REF: The New Immigration

What was true of the New Immigrants’ efforts to preserve their culture in America?

a. They successfully managed to preserve their food traditions and languages for several

generations.

b. c. d. Their children helped pass on the culture brought from the Old World.

Their children often abandoned traditional culture to become fully American.

They opened stores and restaurants, but with few customers, most of these businesses

failed.

e. They successfully shared holidays, customs, and manners of the Old World with people in

their new homeland.

ANS: C REF: The New Immigration

Who preached that the true practice of Christianity would heal sickness?

a. Cardinal James Gibbons

b. Mary Baker Eddy

c. William James

d. Dwight Moody

e. Henry Adams

ANS: B REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge

Why were some of the nation’s leading churches slow to speak out against greed and other social

vices?

a. b. c. d. e. Many of their benefactors and leading members were wealthy businessmen.

They were losing members and worried about losing even more parishioners.

They were struggling with internal scandals.

Church leaders believed it was not their mission to engage in social and political debates.

They were based primarily in rural areas where they were few social problems.

ANS: A REF: Churches Confront Urban Challenges

ESSAY

135. The arrival of immigrants on American shores in the late nineteenth century involved both “push” and

“pull” factors. Describe the major motives that caused emigrants to leave Europe and come to the

United States during this period.

ANS: Answers will vary. Makers of America: The Italians

REF: The New Immigration | Reactions to the New Immigration |136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. Fear of newly arriving immigrants has been a constant in American history. With respect to the New

Immigrants of the late nineteenth century, describe what the native-born Americans were concerned

about. Do you think their fears were well founded? How did immigrant groups react to the often

unwelcoming nature of their treatment in America?

ANS: Answers will vary. REF: Italians | Narrowing the Welcome Mat

Reactions to the New Immigration | Makers of America: The

Why did morality become such a hotly contested issue in the late nineteenth and early twentieth

centuries? Why did moralists hone in on women, sex, and the family in particular?

ANS: Answers will vary. REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge | Apostles of Reform |

The New Morality | Families and Women in the City

How did immigration and urbanization impact religious life in the late nineteenth and early twentieth

centuries? What challenges did traditional churches face, and how did they respond? How did the

growth of Catholicism and Judaism in particular pose a concern for and help alter traditional Protestant

religions?

ANS: Answers will vary. REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge

The New Immigration | Narrowing the Welcome Mat |

In what ways did journalism, literature, and the arts all respond to the changing conditions of

American life in the urban industrial cities? Which writers and artists best reflected the central

concerns of the period?

ANS: Answers will vary. Lowbrow and High

REF: The Appeal of the Press | Artistic Triumphs | Postwar Fiction,

What effect did the impact of industrialization and urbanization have on late-nineteenth-century

American churches, schools, and family life?

ANS: Answers will vary. REF: Churches Confront the Urban Challenge | The Lust for Learning |

Booker T. Washington and the Education of Black People | The Hallowed Halls of Ivy | Families and

Women in the City

Do you agree with the following statement: “Women were growing more independent in the urban

environment of the cities in the late nineteenth century”? How did cities provide opportunities to

change women’s roles and status? What did champions of women advocate for them in this new era,

and what forms did women’s new independence take?

ANS: Answers will vary. Women in the City

REF: The Urban Frontier | The Hallowed Halls of Ivy | Families and142. 143. 144. 145. Compare and contrast the ways in which cities brought large numbers of people together, but often

forced them apart in their ideas and their ways of living. What made cities such places of contradiction

and often social conflict? Were Americans so troubled by city life partly because it was so new to most

of them?

ANS: Answers will vary. REF: The Urban Frontier | The New Immigration | Reactions to the

New Immigration | Narrowing the Welcome Mat | Families and Women in the City

To what extent was the city a “frontier of opportunity for women”? Name at least two women who

seized this “opportunity” and elaborate on their experiences.

ANS: Answers will vary. REF: Families and Women in the City

What issues faced African American leaders in the late nineteenth century? Which leader, Booker T.

Washington or W. E. B. Du Bois, had the best program for African American advancement? Explain

the advantages and disadvantages of both viewpoints.

ANS: Answers will vary. REF: Booker T. Washington and the Education of Black People

Why did education come to be seen as a solution to many American social problems in the late

nineteenth century? Were the new state universities and private research universities valuable attempts

to engage with American society, or did they create escapes for a privileged elite?

ANS: Answers will vary. REF: Washington and the Education of Black People

The Lust for Learning | The Hallowed Halls of Ivy | Booker T.