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Sample Questions Posted Below

Chapter 05

Managing Change and Innovation

True / False Questions

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Change as it applies to supervision can be classified in three major categories:

technological, environmental, and internal to the organization.

True False

Environmental change includes all of the changes internal to the organization.

True False

An extreme way that an employee may resist change is sabotaging the change.

True False

Resistance to change is a reaction common only to troublemakers.

True False

If interpersonal relations are threatened, employees are less likely to resist an

upcoming change.

True False

If a supervisor openly discusses upcoming changes, employees will be more likely to

accept the change.

True False

When affected employees have been involved in a change from, or near, its inception,

they will usually actively support change.

True False

In implementing change, time aspect is irrelevant because people have already

bought into the idea.

True False

5-1

McGraw-Hill Education.9. Once a specific change has been singled out for implementation, the supervisor

should always begin the implementation by explaining the five W’s and an H to the

employees.

True False

10.Where other tactics will not work or are too expensive, the strategy for overcoming

resistance to change should be explicit plus implicit coercion.

True False

11.Where speed is essential and the change initiators possess considerable power, the

strategy for overcoming resistance to change should be manipulation plus co-

optation.

True False

12.Usually the longer it takes to implement a change, the greater the positive impact

there is on productivity, performance, and morale.

True False

13.If employees feel understood and supported by their supervisor, they are much more

likely to endorse the change.

True False

14.Once a change is proposed or becomes known to an employee, he or she evaluates its

impact on him or her.

True False

15.Innovation involves coming up with new ideas, whereas creativity involves

implementing the new idea.

True False

16.Many management experts today believe that resistance to change is an

organization’s best sustainable source of growth, competitive advantage, and new

wealth.

True False

17.Innovation is usually confined to a few departments or to a small group of

“innovations.”

True False

5-2

McGraw-Hill Education.18.Organizations must involve everyone in the innovation process.

True False

19.As the rate of change increases for today’s organizations, the ability to innovate has

become obsolete.

True False

20.Managers, supervisors, and employees should be encouraged to develop mental

models as ways of stretching their minds to find new and better ways of doing things.

True False

Multiple Choice Questions

21.________________ have an indirect impact on the supervisor.

A. Technological

changes

B. Changes internal to the

organization

C. Changes endorsed solely by the upper

management

D. Environmental

changes

22.________________ changes refer to things such as budget adjustments and methods

changes.

A. Technologic

B. Environmen

tal

C. Internal

organizational

D. Extern

5-3

McGraw-Hill Education.23.Which of the following changes includes such things as new equipment, machinery,

and processes?

A. Environmental

changes

B. Technological

changes

C. Internal organizational

changes

D. Process

changes

24.New government regulations, new social trends, and economic changes are examples

of:

A. environmental

change.

B. technological

change.

C. internal organizational

change.

D. process

change.

25.Most major changes in an organization are initiated at the ________________ levels of

management.

A. entr

B. middl

C. uppe

D. lowe

5-4

McGraw-Hill Education.26.The degree of employees’ trust is determined mainly by the:

A. actions of top

management.

B. actions of the director of

personnel.

C. the actions of the

supervisor.

D. company

policies.

27.To ensure that changes are accepted by employees without much resistance, the

supervisor must:

A. explain the changes and the reasons for making the

changes.

B. never ask for employees’ opinions on the proposed

changes.

C. wait till the last minute to ensure

acceptance.

D. take as much time as possible in implementing the

changes.

28.If upper management is planning to implement a totally unreasonable change, the

supervisor should:

A. follow orders and make the

change.

B. try to explain to a superior why the change is so

unreasonable.

C. use his or her own discretion and alter the change as

necessary.

D. completely ignore the

change.

5-5

McGraw-Hill Education.29.A major advantage of an oral discussion over an email or a written memo is that:

A. it conveys correctly the impact of the changes to the

employees.

B. it provides the employees an opportunity to ask

questions.

C. it saves a lot of time on

paperwork.

D. it results in increased morale among

employees.

30.In a situation where someone or some group will clearly lose out in a change and

where that group has considerable power to resist, the right approach to overcome

resistance to change would be:

A. negotiation plus

agreement.

B. manipulation plus co-

optation.

C. facilitation plus

support.

D. education plus

communication.

31.The advantage of the explicit and implicit coercion strategy for overcoming resistance

to change is that:

A. it is relatively quick and

inexpensive.

B. people who participate will be committed to implementing

the change.

C. people will often help implement the

change.

D. it is speedy and can overcome any kind of

resistance.

5-6

McGraw-Hill Education.32.The advantage of the education plus communication strategy for overcoming

resistance to change is that:

A. it is a relatively easy way to avoid major

resistance.

B. it is relatively quick and

inexpensive.

C. people will often help implement the

change.

D. no other approach works as

well.

33.The drawback of the participation plus involvement strategy for overcoming

resistance to change is that:

A. it can be time-consuming if an inappropriate change is

designed.

B. it can be very time-consuming and expensive and

still fail.

C. it can lead to future problems if people feel

manipulated.

D. it can be risky if it leaves people mad at the

initiators.

34.The drawback of the manipulation plus co-optation strategy for overcoming resistance

to change is that:

A. it can be very time-consuming if many people are

involved.

B. it can be very time-consuming and expensive and

still fail.

C. it can lead to future problems if people feel

controlled.

D. it can be risky if it leaves people mad at the

initiators.

5-7

McGraw-Hill Education.35.When people are resisting because of adjustment problems, the ________________

approach for overcoming resistance to change should be used.

A. education plus

communication

B. facilitation plus

support

C. negotiation plus

agreement

D. manipulation plus co-

optation

36.Where there is a lack of information or inaccurate information and analysis, the

________________ approach for overcoming resistance to change should be used.

A. education plus

communication

B. facilitation plus

support

C. negotiation plus

agreement

D. manipulation plus co-

optation

37.Which of the following theories states that there are two natural sets of forces that

impact on any change—those forces that resist the change and those forces that

encourage the change?

A. Dynamic Force

Analysis

B. Force Field

Analysis

C. SWOT

analysis

D. Pareto

analysis

5-8

McGraw-Hill Education.38.Innovation:

A. refers to doing new

things.

B. is the thinking process involved in producing an idea that is new to

its creator.

C. involves coming up with new

ideas.

D. is the thinking process involved in producing a concept that is useful to someone

else other than the creator.

39.Creativity:

A. refers to doing new

things.

its creator.

C. involves implementing new

ideas.

new wealth.

B. is the thinking process involved in producing an idea that is new to

D. is an organization’s best sustainable source of growth, competitive advantage, and

40.Which of the following is a principle for creating a learning organization?

A. Scientific

reductionism

B. Philosophical

analysis

C. Reactive

viewpoint

D. Systems

thinking

Short Answer Questions

5-9

McGraw-Hill Education.41.List the three categories of changes affecting the supervisor.

42.List some of the barriers to change.

43.List suggestions for reducing resistance to change.

44.Discuss how a supervisor can implement changes in the most logical place.

5-10

McGraw-Hill Education.45.What are the five W’s and an H that the supervisor should explain to the employees to

begin the implementation of the changes?

46.What are three factors that specifically affect the time required to successfully

implement a change?

47.What is the change model? List the reasons that affect the change model.

5-11

McGraw-Hill Education.48.Compare and contrast innovation and creativity.

49.Discuss the principle of personal mastery for creating a learning organization.

50.What is team learning?

5-12

McGraw-Hill Education.Chapter 05 Managing Change and Innovation Answer Key

True / False Questions

(p. 92)

Change as it applies to supervision can be classified in three major categories:

technological, environmental, and internal to the organization.

TRUE

Difficulty: 2 Medium

(p. 92)

Environmental change includes all of the changes internal to the organization.

FALSE

Difficulty: 1 Easy

(p. 93)

An extreme way that an employee may resist change is sabotaging the change.

TRUE

Difficulty: 1 Easy

(p. 93)

Resistance to change is a reaction common only to troublemakers.

FALSE

Difficulty: 2 Medium

(p. 94)

If interpersonal relations are threatened, employees are less likely to resist an

upcoming change.

FALSE

Difficulty: 1 Easy

(p. 95)

If a supervisor openly discusses upcoming changes, employees will be more likely

to accept the change.

TRUE

Difficulty: 1 Easy

5-13

McGraw-Hill Education.7.

(p. 96)

When affected employees have been involved in a change from, or near, its

inception, they will usually actively support change.

TRUE

Difficulty: 2 Medium

(p. 96)

In implementing change, time aspect is irrelevant because people have already

bought into the idea.

FALSE

Difficulty: 2 Medium

(p. 96-

97)

Once a specific change has been singled out for implementation, the supervisor

should always begin the implementation by explaining the five W’s and an H to the

employees.

TRUE

10.

(p. 98

Fig 5.4)

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Where other tactics will not work or are too expensive, the strategy for overcoming

resistance to change should be explicit plus implicit coercion.

FALSE

11.

(p. 98

Fig 5.4)

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Where speed is essential and the change initiators possess considerable power, the

strategy for overcoming resistance to change should be manipulation plus co-

optation.

FALSE

Difficulty: 1 Easy

12.

(p. 98)

Usually the longer it takes to implement a change, the greater the positive impact

there is on productivity, performance, and morale.

FALSE

Difficulty: 2 Medium

13.

(p. 99)

If employees feel understood and supported by their supervisor, they are much

more likely to endorse the change.

TRUE

Difficulty: 1 Easy

5-14

McGraw-Hill Education.14.

Once a change is proposed or becomes known to an employee, he or she evaluates

(p. 100)

its impact on him or her.

TRUE

Difficulty: 2 Medium

15.

Innovation involves coming up with new ideas, whereas creativity involves

(p. 100)

implementing the new idea.

FALSE

Difficulty: 1 Easy

16.

Many management experts today believe that resistance to change is an

(p. 100)

organization’s best sustainable source of growth, competitive advantage, and new

wealth.

FALSE

Difficulty: 1 Easy

17.

(p. 100)

Innovation is usually confined to a few departments or to a small group of

“innovations.”

FALSE

Difficulty: 2 Medium

18.

(p. 100)

Organizations must involve everyone in the innovation process.

TRUE

Difficulty: 1 Easy

19.

As the rate of change increases for today’s organizations, the ability to innovate

(p. 101)

has become obsolete.

FALSE

Difficulty: 1 Easy

20.

Managers, supervisors, and employees should be encouraged to develop mental

(p. 102)

models as ways of stretching their minds to find new and better ways of doing

things.

TRUE

Difficulty: 2 Medium

5-15

McGraw-Hill Education.Multiple Choice Questions

21.

(p. 92)

________________ have an indirect impact on the supervisor.

A. Technological

changes

B. Changes internal to the

organization

C. Changes endorsed solely by the upper

management

D. Environmental

changes

Difficulty: 2 Medium

22.

(p. 92)

________________ changes refer to things such as budget adjustments and methods

changes.

A. Technologic

B. Environmen

tal

C. Internal

organizational

D. Extern

23.

(p. 92)

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Which of the following changes includes such things as new equipment, machinery,

and processes?

A. Environmental

changes

B. Technological

changes

C. Internal organizational

changes

D. Process

changes

Difficulty: 1 Easy

5-16

McGraw-Hill Education.24.

(p. 92)

New government regulations, new social trends, and economic changes are

examples of:

A. environmental

change.

B. technological

change.

C. internal organizational

change.

D. process

change.

25.

(p. 92)

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Most major changes in an organization are initiated at the ________________ levels of

management.

A. entr

B. middl

C. uppe

D. lowe

Difficulty: 2 Medium

26.

(p. 95)

The degree of employees’ trust is determined mainly by the:

A. actions of top

management.

B. actions of the director of

personnel.

C. the actions of the

supervisor.

D. company

policies.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

5-17

McGraw-Hill Education.27.

(p. 95)

To ensure that changes are accepted by employees without much resistance, the

supervisor must:

A. explain the changes and the reasons for making the

changes.

B. never ask for employees’ opinions on the proposed

changes.

C. wait till the last minute to ensure

acceptance.

D. take as much time as possible in implementing the

changes.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

28.

(p. 96)

If upper management is planning to implement a totally unreasonable change, the

supervisor should:

A. follow orders and make the

change.

B. try to explain to a superior why the change is so

unreasonable.

C. use his or her own discretion and alter the change as

necessary.

D. completely ignore the

change.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

29.

(p. 96)

A major advantage of an oral discussion over an email or a written memo is that:

A. it conveys correctly the impact of the changes to the

employees.

B. it provides the employees an opportunity to ask

questions.

C. it saves a lot of time on

paperwork.

D. it results in increased morale among

employees.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

5-18

McGraw-Hill Education.30.

(p. 98

Fig 5.4)

In a situation where someone or some group will clearly lose out in a change and

where that group has considerable power to resist, the right approach to overcome

resistance to change would be:

A. negotiation plus

agreement.

B. manipulation plus co-

optation.

C. facilitation plus

support.

D. education plus

communication.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

31.

(p. 98

Fig 5.4)

The advantage of the explicit and implicit coercion strategy for overcoming

resistance to change is that:

A. it is relatively quick and

inexpensive.

B. people who participate will be committed to implementing

the change.

C. people will often help implement the

change.

D. it is speedy and can overcome any kind of

resistance.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

32.

(p. 98

Fig 5.4)

The advantage of the education plus communication strategy for overcoming

resistance to change is that:

A. it is a relatively easy way to avoid major

resistance.

B. it is relatively quick and

inexpensive.

C. people will often help implement the

change.

D. no other approach works as

well.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

5-19

McGraw-Hill Education.33.

(p. 98

Fig 5.4)

The drawback of the participation plus involvement strategy for overcoming

resistance to change is that:

A. it can be time-consuming if an inappropriate change is

designed.

B. it can be very time-consuming and expensive and

still fail.

C. it can lead to future problems if people feel

manipulated.

D. it can be risky if it leaves people mad at the

initiators.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

34.

(p. 98

Fig 5.4)

The drawback of the manipulation plus co-optation strategy for overcoming

resistance to change is that:

A. it can be very time-consuming if many people are

involved.

B. it can be very time-consuming and expensive and

still fail.

C. it can lead to future problems if people feel

controlled.

D. it can be risky if it leaves people mad at the

initiators.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

35.

(p. 98

Fig 5.4)

When people are resisting because of adjustment problems, the ________________

approach for overcoming resistance to change should be used.

A. education plus

communication

B. facilitation plus

support

C. negotiation plus

agreement

D. manipulation plus co-

optation

Difficulty: 2 Medium

5-20

McGraw-Hill Education.36.

(p. 98

Fig 5.4)

Where there is a lack of information or inaccurate information and analysis, the

________________ approach for overcoming resistance to change should be used.

A. education plus

communication

B. facilitation plus

support

C. negotiation plus

agreement

D. manipulation plus co-

optation

37.

(p. 99)

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Which of the following theories states that there are two natural sets of forces that

impact on any change—those forces that resist the change and those forces that

encourage the change?

A. Dynamic Force

Analysis

B. Force Field

Analysis

C. SWOT

analysis

D. Pareto

analysis

Difficulty: 1 Easy

38.

(p. 100)

Innovation:

A. refers to doing new

things.

B. is the thinking process involved in producing an idea that is new to

its creator.

C. involves coming up with new

ideas.

D. is the thinking process involved in producing a concept that is useful to

someone else other than the creator.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

5-21

McGraw-Hill Education.39.

(p. 100)

Creativity:

A. refers to doing new

things.

B. is the thinking process involved in producing an idea that is new to

its creator.

C. involves implementing new

ideas.

D. is an organization’s best sustainable source of growth, competitive advantage,

and new wealth.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

40.

(p. 102)

Which of the following is a principle for creating a learning organization?

A. Scientific

reductionism

B. Philosophical

analysis

C. Reactive

viewpoint

D. Systems

thinking

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Short Answer Questions

41.

(p. 92)

List the three categories of changes affecting the supervisor.

Change as it applies to supervision can be classified in three major categories:

technological, environmental, and internal to the organization.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

5-22

McGraw-Hill Education.42.

(p. 93-

94)

List some of the barriers to change.

Fear of the unknown, threat to job or income, fear that skills and expertise will lose

value, threats to power, inconvenience, and threats to interpersonal relations are

some of the barriers to change.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

43.

(p. 95-

96)

List suggestions for reducing resistance to change.

Suggestions for reducing resistance to change include building trust, discussing the

upcoming changes, involving employees, making sure the changes are reasonable,

avoiding threats, following a sensible time schedule, implementing the changes in

the most logical place, and explaining the five W’s and an H to the employees.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

44.

(p. 96)

Discuss how a supervisor can implement changes in the most logical place.

The supervisor often has some choice about where changes will take place.

Common logic should be followed when making decisions. Certain employees are

naturally more adaptable and flexible than others. It makes good sense to

introduce any changes through these employees. The supervisor who makes it a

point to know his or her employees usually has a pretty good idea as to which of

them are most likely or least likely to be flexible. Where possible, changes should

be implemented in a way that minimizes their effect on interpersonal relationships.

The supervisor should not attempt to disturb smooth-working work groups.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

5-23

McGraw-Hill Education.45.

(p. 96-

97)

What are the five W’s and an H that the supervisor should explain to the employees

to begin the implementation of the changes?

Once a specific change has been singled out for implementation, the supervisor

should always begin the implementation by explaining the five W’s and an H to the

employees—What the change is, Why the change is needed, Whom the change will

affect, When the change will take place, Where the change will occur, and How the

change will take place.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

46.

(p. 98-

99)

What are three factors that specifically affect the time required to successfully

implement a change?

Communication in the form of information about the change from both an

organizational and personal perspective, engagement or the opportunity for people

to become involved in the process and to have input into the decisions affecting

the change, and the support provided to employees throughout the change process

are the three factors that specifically affect the time required to successfully

implement a change.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

47.

(p. 100)

What is the change model? List the reasons that affect the change model.

Once a change is proposed or becomes known to an employee, he or she evaluates

its impact on him or her. Based on the outcome of this evaluation (destructive,

threatening, uncertain, or positive) the employee responds to the change by either

opposing, tolerating, accepting, or joining. The entire process is affected by (1) the

extent of information the employee has about change, (2) the extent of

participation the employee has in the change decision, (3) the trust the employee

has in the initiator of the change, and (4) the experience the employee has had

with change.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

5-24

McGraw-Hill Education.48.

(p. 100)

Compare and contrast innovation and creativity.

Innovation refers to doing new things. Creativity is the thinking process involved in

producing an idea or a concept that is new, original, useful, or satisfying to its

creator or to someone else. Creativity involves coming up with new ideas, whereas

innovation involves implementing the new idea.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

49.

(p. 102)

Discuss the principle of personal mastery for creating a learning organization.

The principle of personal mastery for creating a learning organization suggests that

individual managers, supervisors, and employees must be empowered to

experiment, innovate, and explore.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

50.

(p. 102)

What is team learning?

Team learning is the process of aligning a team so as to avoid wasted energy and

to get the desired results.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

5-25

McGraw-Hill Education.

Supervision Key Link to Productivity 11e By Leslie Rue – Test Bank

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