Sociology And Your Life With P.O.W.E.R. Learning Ist Edition – Test Bank

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Module 05 – Major Research Designs and Development

Module 05

Major Research Designs and Development

Multiple Choice Questions

1. A research design is a(n)

A. explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure

the concept.

B. speculative statement about the relationship between two or more variables.

C. indicator of attitudes, behavior, or characteristics of people or organizations.

D. detailed plan or method for scientifically obtaining data.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Definition

2. A study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, that provides sociologists

with information concerning how people think or act is known as

A. observation research.

B. a survey.

C. secondary analysis.

D. an experiment.

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Bloom’s: Remember

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Definition

5-1

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McGraw-Hill EducationModule 05 – Major Research Designs and Development

3. To conduct a cross-cultural study of job discrimination against women, a sociologist

interviews 75 women between the ages of 20 and 40 in an American city, and 75 women in

the same age group in a Canadian city. This study would be classified as

A. a secondary analysis.

B. participant observation.

C. a survey.

D. a content analysis.

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Bloom’s: Understand

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Application-Concept

4. Ethnography is the most common form of ________ research, which relies on what is seen

in the field and in naturalistic settings more than it does on statistical data.

A. quantitative

B. qualitative

C. observational

D. experimental

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Bloom’s: Remember

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Definition

5. When a researcher collects information about a group through direct involvement and

inspection, this is known as

A. a survey.

B. observation.

C. secondary analysis.

D. an experiment.

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Bloom’s: Remember

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Definition

5-2

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McGraw-Hill EducationModule 05 – Major Research Designs and Development

6. A sociologist attends meetings at all the schools and churches in his community over

several years, and meets as many residents as he can for the purpose of exploring all facets of

the community’s social life. He then compiles a detailed description of the community. He is

conducting

A. a content analysis.

B. a secondary analysis.

C. a quantitative study.

D. ethnographic research.

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Bloom’s: Understand

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Application-Concept

7. Which of the following existing data sources is used most frequently for sociological

research?

A. census data

B. scientific records

C. personal journals

D. newspapers

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Bloom’s: Remember

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Information

8. ________ study of Italian street-corner men in Boston used participant observation.

A. Terry Mizrahi’s

B. William F. Whyte’s

C. Max Weber’s

D. Vilfredo Pareto’s

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Bloom’s: Remember

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Sociologists

5-3

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McGraw-Hill EducationModule 05 – Major Research Designs and Development

9. When a sociologist actually joins a group for a period to get an accurate sense of how it

operates, the approach is called

A. an experiment.

B. ethnography.

C. face-to-face interview.

D. participant observation.

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Bloom’s: Remember

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Application-Perspectives

10. An artificially created situation that allows the researcher to manipulate variables and to

introduce control variables is known as a(n)

A. survey.

B. experiment.

C. replication.

D. research design.

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Bloom’s: Remember

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Definition

11. In an experiment, the group that is not exposed to the independent variable is called the

A. experimental group.

B. representative group.

C. study group.

D. control group.

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Bloom’s: Remember

Topic: Variables

Type: Definition

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

5-4

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McGraw-Hill EducationModule 05 – Major Research Designs and Development

12. A sociologist sets up an experiment on television violence and children. She shows one set

of children (group A) violent cartoons and then observes their play. She shows a second set of

children (group B) nonviolent cartoons and then observes their play. Which of these groups

would be considered the experimental group?

A. group A

B. group B

C. neither group

D. both groups

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Bloom’s: Apply

Topic: Variables

Type: Application-Concept

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

13. Regina wants to study the homeless in her hometown. In order to do so, she lives at a

homeless shelter for a month. During this time, she does everything that the women she is

studying does and tells no one of her true identity. This method would be

A. an experiment.

B. ethnography.

C. face-to-face interview.

D. participant observation.

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Bloom’s: Understand

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Application-Concept

14. What term do sociologists use to describe the phenomenon whereby subjects deviate from

their typical behavior because they realize they are under observation?

A. the control group effect

B. the spurious response

C. the Hawthorne effect

D. skewing

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Bloom’s: Remember

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Information

5-5

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McGraw-Hill EducationModule 05 – Major Research Designs and Development

5-6

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McGraw-Hill EducationModule 05 – Major Research Designs and Development

15. A sociologist decides to study the interaction among students in the college’s computer

center. When the students realize they are under observation, they become shy and reserved in

their interactions. This is an example of

A. replication.

B. secondary analysis.

C. the Hawthorne effect.

D. value neutrality.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Application-Concept

16. Secondary analysis includes a variety of research techniques that use

A. questionnaires and interviews.

B. participant observation.

C. publicly accessible information and data, or data collected by another.

D. control groups.

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Bloom’s: Understand

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Definition

17. Sociologists consider secondary analysis to be

A. more valid than other forms of research.

B. more reliable than other forms of research.

C. a nonreactive form of research.

D. an outdated mode of research.

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Bloom’s: Remember

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Information

5-7

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McGraw-Hill EducationModule 05 – Major Research Designs and Development

18. Which of the following sociologists conducted an examination of suicide using secondary

analysis?

A. Max Weber

B. Émile Durkheim

C. Jane Poulsen

D. William F. Whyte

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Bloom’s: Remember

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Sociologists

19. An inherent problem in using secondary sources of data is that

A. the researcher may not find the exact data needed for his or her own research.

B. the data are plagued with statistical errors.

C. the researcher may be more careless when using someone else’s data.

D. all of the analysis has been completed by an initial research team.

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Bloom’s: Understand

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Information

20. A researcher studies adolescent attitudes about senior citizens by analyzing depictions of

the elderly in the lyrics of popular music and the content of teen magazines. This is an

example of

A. content analysis.

B. replication.

C. survey research.

D. an experiment.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Type: Application-Concept

5-8

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McGraw-Hill EducationModule 05 – Major Research Designs and Development

21. Which of the following is true regarding feminist researchers?

A. tend to involve and consult subjects more

B. more oriented toward seeking change

C. generally want to raise public consciousness

D. All these answers are correct.

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Bloom’s: Understand

Learning Objective: Describe the impact of feminist theory and queer theory on sociological research practices.

Topic: Feminist theory

Type: Information

22. What conclusion did the National Bureau of Economic Research reach about gays and

lesbians as subjects of sociological research?

A. Most research treats its gay and lesbian subjects with contempt.

B. Most research ignores the possibility that its subjects might be gay or lesbian.

C. Most research underreports the number of gays and lesbians in a population.

D. Most research begins from a position that sexuality is fluid and that gays and lesbians are

in a state of transition.

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Bloom’s: Understand

Topic: Sexuality

Type: Information

Learning Objective: Describe the impact of feminist theory and queer theory on sociological research practices.

23. What is the chief ethical concern concerning all the new sources of data available through

new technological means like Internet research?

A. conflicts of interest

B. reliability of the data

C. the high costs of money and time

D. the privacy of the subjects

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Bloom’s: Understand

Learning Objective: Discuss the benefits and challenges of conducting research online.

Topic: Sociological research

Type: Information

True / False Questions

5-9

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McGraw-Hill EducationModule 05 – Major Research Designs and Development

5-10

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McGraw-Hill EducationModule 05 – Major Research Designs and Development

24. Selection of a research design will influence both the cost of a research project and the

amount of time needed to collect the results of the research.

TRUE

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Bloom’s: Understand

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

25. An interviewer is likely to obtain a higher response rate than a printed survey form

would.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

26. Content analysis of children’s books has been used to determine children’s awareness of

environmental issues.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

27. All research designs have positives and negatives associated with them.

TRUE

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Bloom’s: Understand

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

Essay Questions

5-11

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McGraw-Hill EducationModule 05 – Major Research Designs and Development

5-12

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McGraw-Hill EducationModule 05 – Major Research Designs and Development

28. Discuss how a researcher might select a random sample of subjects for a research study.

Which sample selection methods should researchers use, and which methods should be

avoided?

Answers will vary

Bloom’s: Analyze

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

29. Describe the various types of research designs and discuss the strengths and weakness of

each design. Which type of research design is most commonly used by researchers, and which

type of research design is the least reliable?

Answers will vary

Bloom’s: Analyze

Learning Objective: Summarize the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the major research designs.

Topic: Research methods

30. Describe how the Internet can be used to conduct social research. Is the Internet a good or

bad place to conduct social research?

Answers will vary

Bloom’s: Understand

Learning Objective: Discuss the benefits and challenges of conducting research online.

Topic: Sociological research

5-13

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McGraw-Hill EducationModule 05 – Major Research Designs and Development

31. Discuss the various ways feminist scholars differ in their interests and methodology from

other scholars. Would feminist scholarship be considered a functionalist, interactionist, or

conflict perspective?

Answers will vary

Bloom’s: Analyze

Learning Objective: Describe the impact of feminist theory and queer theory on sociological research practices.

Topic: Feminist theory

5-14

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McGraw-Hill EducationModule 05 – Major Research Designs and Development

32. Explain how “veiled reporting” may result in underreporting of gay and lesbian subjects in

survey research.

Answers will vary

Bloom’s: Analyze

Learning Objective: Describe the impact of feminist theory and queer theory on sociological research practices.

Topic: Sexuality

5-15

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McGraw-Hill Education