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Chapter 5. Adverse Drug Reactions
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. Which of the following patients would be at higher risk of experiencing adverse drug reactions (ADRs):
1. | A 32-year-old male |
2. | A 22-year-old female |
3. | A 3-month-old female |
4. | A 48-year-old male |
____ 2. Infants and young children are at higher risk of ADRs due to:
1. | Immature renal function in school-age children |
2. | Lack of safety and efficacy studies in the pediatric population |
3. | Children’s skin being thicker than adults, requiring higher dosages of topical medication |
4. | Infant boys having a higher proportion of muscle mass, leading to a higher volume of distribution |
____ 3. The elderly are at high risk of ADRs due to:
1. | Having greater muscle mass than younger adults, leading to higher volume of distribution |
2. | The extensive studies that have been conducted on drug safety in this age group |
3. | The blood-brain barrier being less permeable, requiring higher doses to achieve therapeutic effect |
4. | Age-related decrease in renal function |
____ 4. The type of adverse drug reaction that is idiosyncratic when a drug given in the usual therapeutic doses is type:
1. | A |
2. | B |
3. | C |
4. | D |
____ 5. Digoxin may cause a type A adverse drug reaction due to:
1. | Idiosyncratic effects |
2. | Its narrow therapeutic index |
3. | Being a teratogen |
4. | Being a carcinogen |
____ 6. Sarah developed a rash after using a topical medication. This is a type __ allergic drug reaction.
1. | I |
2. | II |
3. | III |
4. | IV |
____ 7. A patient may develop neutropenia from using topical Silvadene for burns. Neutropenia is a(n):
1. | Cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction |
2. | Immune complex hypersensitivity |
3. | Immediate hypersensitivity reaction |
4. | Delayed hypersensitivity reaction |
____ 8. Anaphylactic shock is a:
1. | Type I reaction, called immediate hypersensitivity reaction |
2. | Type II reaction, called cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction |
3. | Type III allergic reaction, called immune complex hypersensitivity |
4. | Type IV allergic reaction, called delayed hypersensitivity reaction |
____ 9. James has hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression from chronic prednisone (a corticosteroid) use. He is at risk for what type of adverse drug reaction?
1. | Type B |
2. | Type C |
3. | Type E |
4. | Type F |
____ 10. Immunomodulators such as azathioprine may cause a delayed adverse drug reaction known as a type D reaction because they are known:
1. | Teratogens |
2. | Carcinogens |
3. | To cause hypersensitivity reactions |
4. | Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis suppressants |
____ 11. A 24-year-old male received multiple fractures in a motor vehicle accident that required significant amounts of opioid medication to treat his pain. He is at risk for a _____ adverse drug reaction when he no longer requires the opioids.
1. | Rapid |
2. | First-dose |
3. | Late |
4. | Delayed |
____ 12. An example of a first-dose reaction that may occur includes:
1. | Orthostatic hypotension that does not occur with repeated doses |
2. | Purple glove syndrome with phenytoin use |
3. | Hemolytic anemia from ceftriaxone use |
4. | Contact dermatitis from neomycin use |
____ 13. Drugs that are prone to cause adverse drug effects include:
1. | Diuretics |
2. | Inhaled anticholinergics |
3. | Insulins |
4. | Stimulants |
____ 14. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration MedWatch system is activated when:
1. | There is an adverse event to a vaccine. |
2. | The patient has a severe reaction that is noted in the “Severe Reaction” section in the medication label. |
3. | A lactating woman takes a medication that is potentially toxic to the breastfeeding infant. |
4. | An adverse event or serious problem occurs with a medication that is not already identified on the label. |
____ 15. The Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System is:
1. | A mandatory reporting system for all health-care providers when they encounter an adverse vaccine event |
2. | A voluntary reporting system that health-care providers or consumers may use to report vaccine adverse events |
3. | Utilized to send out safety alerts regarding emerging vaccine safety issues |
4. | Activated when a vaccine has been proven to cause significant adverse effects |
Chapter 5. Adverse Drug Reactions
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
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