Health Psychology 3rd Canadian Edition By Shelley E Taylor Distinguished Professor – Test Bank

Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Posted Below

 

5

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Student:

___________________________________________________________________________

Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable time for health compromising behaviours.

True False

Many health compromising behaviours are more common in individuals from higher social classes.

True False

Harm reduction focuses on completely eliminating substance use.

True False

There are four main classes of illicit drugs.

True False

Psychological and social rewards associated with drinking include reduced anxiety and depression.

True False

Research supports the idea that most alcoholics eventually receive some form of inpatient or outpatient

treatment.

True False

Trying cigarettes makes a person significantly more likely to use other drugs in the future.

True False

Smokers have more accidents and injuries at work,

True False

Anorexia nervosa is classified as an obsessive disorder.

True False

Individuals with bulimia are often thinner than those with anorexia nervosa.

True False

Alcohol abuse and smoking share a window of vulnerability in

A. adolescence.

B. young adulthood.

C. middle age.

D. old age.

E. stressful times.

Since he stopped smoking last week, John complains about fighting the urge for a cigarette, especially

when he is around other smokers. This is an example of

A. addiction.

B. tolerance.

C. craving.

D. withdrawal.

E. All of these answers are correct.

13. Psychoactive substances

A. impact cognitive and affective processes and alter the way a person behaves when ingested.

B. include illicit drugs.

C. include alcohol.

D. include prescription drugs.

E. All of these answers are correct.14. According to a recent international study on substance abuse in industrialized countries by the United

Nations, Canada is one of the world leaders in

A. injection drug use

B. marijuana use

C. binge drinking

D. treatment programs for alcohol abuse

E. cocaine use

15. Which of the following individuals would be MOST at risk for developing alcoholism?

A. Shirley, whose identical twin, Fran, is an alcoholic

B. George, whose fraternal twin, Sam, is an alcoholic

C. Linda, whose adoptive mother, Gail, is an alcoholic

D. Adam, whose father, Ben, is an alcoholic

E. Sheila, whose mother, Sally, is a problem drinker

16. Individuals who experience

_______________

without these risk factors.

A. negative life events

B. chronic stressors

C. deficits in social support

D. chronic stressors and deficits in social support

E. All of these answers are correct.

are more likely to become problem drinkers than those

17. Compared to persons with more long-term drinking problems, people who become problem drinkers in

late middle age are

A. less likely to control their drinking on their own.

B. less likely to be successfully treated.

C. more likely to use problem drinking as a coping method.

D. more likely to have a higher tolerance for alcohol.

E. more likely to develop lung cancer.

18. The goals of broad-spectrum cognitive-behavioural therapy of alcohol abuse include

A. reducing the reinforcement associated with alcohol.

B. teaching new behaviours inconsistent with alcohol abuse.

C. introducing reinforcement for activities that do not involve alcohol.

D. treating the biological and environmental factors involved simultaneously.

E. All of the these are goals of broad-spectrum cognitive-behavioural therapy of alcohol abuse.

19. Naltrexone, a medication, is used to

A. modify the action of GABA, a neurotransmitter.

B. prevent alcoholics from drinking by causing the body to negatively react to alcohol.

C. prevent relapse among alcoholics.

D. give alcohol a foul taste.

E. trick the brain into thinking that it is consuming alcohol when mixed with water.

20. Many successful treatment programs have attempted to provide alcoholics with

A. relaxation training.

B. assertiveness training.

C. social skills training.

D. stress management techniques.

E. relaxation, assertiveness, and social skills training, as well as general stress management techniques.

21. Surveys of alcohol treatment programs suggest that programs are most successful when participants

remain in treatment for

A. one to two weeks.

B. six to eight weeks.

C. two to three months.

D. at least four months.

E. 28 days.22. As many as

drinking.

A. 2%

B. 10%

C. 16%

D. 22%

E. 32%

____________

of Canadian undergraduate university students engage in harmful

23. With increased media attention on the problem of drunk driving, drinkers seem to be

__________________

to avoid driving while drunk.

A. limiting drinks to a prescribed number

B. arranging for a designated driver

C. getting taxis

D. delaying or avoiding driving after consuming alcohol

E. All of these answers are correct.

24. Moderate alcohol intake has been associated with

A. increased risk from coronary artery disease.

B. increased risk for cardiovascular disease.

C. elevated levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC).

D. elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC).

E. increased cancer risk.

25. For Aboriginal peoples, leaving the community for a residential addictions facility can

A. increase the chance of healing alcoholism and problem drinking.

B. reduce community triggers for problem drinking.

C. decrease the chance of relapse.

D. increase the chance of alcoholism and problem drinking.

E. increase risky sexual behaviours.

26.

is/are the single greatest cause of preventable death.

_______________

A. Obesity

B. Alcoholism

C. Vehicular accidents

D. Smoking

E. Risky sexual behaviours

27. In Canada, approximately _______________

A. 10,000

B. 25,000

C. 45,000

D. 50,000

E. 65,000

deaths per year are related to smoking.

28. Smoking and serum cholesterol interact to produce higher rates of morbidity and mortality by

A. decreasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) production.

B. increasing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) production.

C. inhibiting the blood’s ability to coagulate.

D. reducing blood oxygen capacity and increasing carbon monoxide levels.

E. increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) production.

29. Following the publication of the Surgeon General’s report on smoking in 1964, in Canada

A. smoking in all groups has continued to increase.

B. smoking in all groups has continued to increase, but the rate of increase has slowed.

C. men’s smoking has declined, but women’s has remained stable.

D. smoking among older people was relatively unaffected, but the percentage of teenage smokers has

declined.

E. All of these answers are correct.30. Smoking among adolescents is

A. independent of other health-compromising behaviours.

B. likely to occur in the presence of peers.

C. an effort to maintain a positive mood.

D. unrelated to individual differences in personality.

E. likely to occur in relation to drinking behaviour.

31.

32. 33. 34. 35. 36. “Chippers”

A. is a term used to describe usually light smokers.

B. do not have the same risk factors as other smokers.

C. are declining in number.

D. are individuals who consume more than 20 cigarettes a day.

E. are more likely to eat while consuming cigarettes.

Fiissel and Lafreniere (2006) suggested that women who report that they smoke to control their appetite

and weight

A. internalized the prescribed cultural standards of thinness.

B. are overweight or obese.

C. have eating disorders.

D. have a family history of eating disorders.

E. are more likely to come from single parent households.

Adolescents are more likely to smoke if

A. their parents smoke.

B. they have a lower SES.

C. there has been a major stressor in the family.

D. they feel social pressure to smoke.

E. All of these answers are correct.

The two “windows of opportunity” for beginning smoking are

A. late elementary and high school.

B. high school and beginning university.

C. late elementary school and beginning university.

D. high school and the ages 23-28.

E. there is only one window of opportunity.

Nicotine alters levels of active neuroregulators which

A. enhances memory.

B. reduces anxiety and tension.

C. improves mood.

D. improves psychomotor performance.

E. All of these answers are correct.

Evaluations of the effect of mass media anti-smoking messages suggest that they

A. provide information to smokers about health habits but have little effect on attitudes about smoking.

B. provide information about health habits to the general population but have little effect on anyone’s

behaviour.

C. provide information about health habits and discouraging youth from beginning to smoke.

D. provide information about health habits and discourage adult non-smokers from beginning to smoke.

E. provide information about health habits and discouraging youth and adult non-smokers from beginning

to smoke.

37. The use of transdermal nicotine patches

A. produces a sharper rise in nicotine level than does cigarette smoking.

B. does not produce significant gains in smoking cessation.

C. produces significant smoking cessation.

D. is more strongly associated with cardiovascular risk than is smoking.

E. was the first tool used for smoke cessation.38. 39. 40. 41. 42. In which stage of Prochaska’s transtheoretical model of behaviour change would information about the

adverse health consequences of smoking would be the most effective to provide to smokers?

A. precontemplation

B. contemplation

C. action

D. preparation

E. maintenance

Ex-smokers are more likely to be successful over the short term if they have

A. a supportive partner.

B. non-smoking supportive friends.

C. smoking supportive friends.

D. a supportive partner and non-smoking supportive friends.

E. a regular exercise routine.

The best predictor of long-term abstinence among smokers is

A. social support.

B. environmental support.

C. self-efficacy.

D. remaining vigilant about not smoking.

E. strength of intention to quit.

Physicians and other health care professionals are less helpful in controlling smoking as could be

expected because

A. many smokers do not listen to them.

B. they rarely give advice to smokers.

C. they do not always have a negative attitude towards smoking.

D. almost all believe they would not be able to motivate people.

E. there is no time to discuss this on a routine visit.

Programs that provide materials to smokers so that they can quit on their own

A. are too haphazard in nature to be successful.

B. have been found to have higher initial quit rates than cognitive-behavioural interventions.

C. have been found to be as successful as cognitive-behavioural interventions in terms of long-term

maintenance.

D. have the same impact as cognitive-behavioural interventions but are not as cost effective.

E. have been found to have high long-term relapse rates.

43. More than

_______________

A. fifty thousand

B. one hundred thousand

C. two hundred thousand

D. half a million

E. one million

Canadians successfully quit smoking each year.

44. Those who quit smoking on their own

A. appear to be more successful in maintaining abstinence than participants in smoking cessation

programs.

B. have high levels of self-control that is related to low relapse rates.

C. are more likely to have a socially supportive network that smokes.

D. have strong beliefs in the health benefits of stopping smoking.

E. are more likely to be women.45. Social influence intervention programs often use the principle of behavioural inoculation. According to

this principle, exposing individuals to a(an)

A. strong persuasive message ensures that they will internalize the message.

B. boring, repetitive persuasive message ensures that they will become desensitized to the message.

C. one-sided message ensures that uncommitted individuals will more likely be persuaded by the

message.

D. weak version of a persuasive message ensures that they will develop counterarguments to resist a

stronger version of the message.

E. continued message for at least 6 weeks will ensure they will internalize the message.

46. A popular new method for reducing smoking is referred to as

A. yap patching.

B. nicco-resting.

C. vaping.

D. e-niccorettes.

E. halo smoking.

47. The social influence intervention program highlights

A. the adverse effects of smoking on health.

B. the financial costs of smoking.

C. the negative social consequences of smoking.

D. how advertisers use subtle techniques, hopefully so students will be more able to resist cigarette

advertising.

E. All of these answers are correct.

48. Which of the following harm reduction alternatives to smoking provides a promising and safer option to

quitting?

A. Nicco-rest patches.

B. Nicotine gum.

C. Visual reality.

D. E-cigarettes.

E. There are no safe alternatives to smoking.

49. Evaluation of social influence programs suggests that

A. adolescent smoking rates are unaffected.

B. fewer adolescents begin smoking after exposure to such programs.

C. adolescent smoking rates are reduced for up to four years.

D. programs are needed that will reach the child destined to become a regular smoker.

E. these programs may delay smoking but do not necessarily reduce overall smoking rates.

50. The life-skills-training approach teaches adolescents

A. social skills.

B. refusal skills.

C. coping enhancement.

D. self-esteem.

E. All of these answers are correct.

51. Passive smoking (second-hand smoke) has been found to be associated with

A. normal blood carbon monoxide levels.

B. increased pulmonary functioning.

C. elevated skin plasticity.

D. childhood obesity.

E. increased rates of lung cancer.52. Anorexia nervosa

A. is caused by amenorrhea.

B. is characterized by the binge-and-purge syndrome.

C. is characterized by reduced interest in food and restricted physical activity.

D. is characterized by dieting and exercising that results in weight loss that is significantly below optimal

levels.

E. has a purely environmental etiology.

53. Anorexia has been found to be correlated with

A. body image disturbance.

B. high blood pressure and heart reactivity to stress.

C. self-esteem.

D. depression and anxiety.

E. All of these answers are correct.

54. Initial therapy for anorexia is focused on weight gain and usually uses a

_______________

approach.

A. cognitive

B. family therapy

C. psychodynamic

D. behavioural

E. person-centered

55. Bulimia is correlated with

A. stress.

B. amenorrhea.

C. perfectionism.

D. obsession.

E. alcoholism.

56. Most therapies for anorexia utilize

_______________, whereas

effective treatment for bulimia.

A. behavioural therapy; medication and cognitive-behavioural therapy

B. medication; behavioural therapy

C. medication and cognitive-behavioural therapy; inpatient treatment

D. medication and inpatient treatment; cognitive-behavioural therapy

E. person-centered therapy; behavioural therapy

_______________

appears to be the most

57. Many health-compromising behaviours share several important characteristics. Describe these

characteristics and the implications for intervention programs.

58. Explain the consequences of illicit drug use.

59. 60. 61. 62. 63.

Identify and describe the biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors implicated in alcohol

abuse.

Explain the problem of relapse in the treatment of alcohol abuse. Which intervention strategies address

this problem most effectively? Substantiate your answer with research from the text.

Answer the question posed in the text: “Why do people smoke?”

Describe the factors associated with smoking in adolescence. Evaluate the effectiveness of prevention

programs targeting adolescents.

Describe the similarities and differences of anorexia and bulimia, including causes, symptoms, and

treatment.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 5 Key

Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable time for health compromising behaviours.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-01 Identify the characteristics of health-compromising behaviours

Taylor – Chapter 05 #1

Many health compromising behaviours are more common in individuals from higher social

classes.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-01 Identify the characteristics of health-compromising behaviours

Taylor – Chapter 05 #2

Harm reduction focuses on completely eliminating substance use.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-02 Describe and define substance dependence

Taylor – Chapter 05 #3

There are four main classes of illicit drugs.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-02 Describe and define substance dependence

Taylor – Chapter 05 #4

Psychological and social rewards associated with drinking include reduced anxiety and

depression.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health

Taylor – Chapter 05 #5

Research supports the idea that most alcoholics eventually receive some form of inpatient or

outpatient treatment.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health

Taylor – Chapter 05 #6

Trying cigarettes makes a person significantly more likely to use other drugs in the future.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #7

Smokers have more accidents and injuries at work,

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #8

Anorexia nervosa is classified as an obsessive disorder.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-05 Describe eating disorders

Taylor – Chapter 05 #9

Individuals with bulimia are often thinner than those with anorexia nervosa.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-05 Describe eating disorders

Taylor – Chapter 05 #1011. Alcohol abuse and smoking share a window of vulnerability in

A. adolescence.

B. young adulthood.

C. middle age.

D. old age.

E. stressful times.

12. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-01 Identify the characteristics of health-compromising behaviours

Taylor – Chapter 05 #11

Since he stopped smoking last week, John complains about fighting the urge for a cigarette, especially

when he is around other smokers. This is an example of

A. addiction.

B. tolerance.

C. craving.

D. withdrawal.

E. All of these answers are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-02 Describe and define substance dependence

Taylor – Chapter 05 #12

13. Psychoactive substances

A. impact cognitive and affective processes and alter the way a person behaves when ingested.

B. include illicit drugs.

C. include alcohol.

D. include prescription drugs.

E. All of these answers are correct.

14. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-02 Describe and define substance dependence

Taylor – Chapter 05 #13

According to a recent international study on substance abuse in industrialized countries by the United

Nations, Canada is one of the world leaders in

A. injection drug use

B. marijuana use

C. binge drinking

D. treatment programs for alcohol abuse

E. cocaine use

15. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-02 Describe and define substance dependence

Taylor – Chapter 05 #14

Which of the following individuals would be MOST at risk for developing alcoholism?

A. Shirley, whose identical twin, Fran, is an alcoholic

B. George, whose fraternal twin, Sam, is an alcoholic

C. Linda, whose adoptive mother, Gail, is an alcoholic

D. Adam, whose father, Ben, is an alcoholic

E. Sheila, whose mother, Sally, is a problem drinker

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health

Taylor – Chapter 05 #15

are more likely to become problem drinkers than those

16. Individuals who experience

_______________

without these risk factors.

A. negative life events

B. chronic stressors

C. deficits in social support

D. chronic stressors and deficits in social support

E. All of these answers are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health

Taylor – Chapter 05 #1617. Compared to persons with more long-term drinking problems, people who become problem drinkers

in late middle age are

A. less likely to control their drinking on their own.

B. less likely to be successfully treated.

C. more likely to use problem drinking as a coping method.

D. more likely to have a higher tolerance for alcohol.

E. more likely to develop lung cancer.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health

Taylor – Chapter 05 #17

18. The goals of broad-spectrum cognitive-behavioural therapy of alcohol abuse include

A. reducing the reinforcement associated with alcohol.

B. teaching new behaviours inconsistent with alcohol abuse.

C. introducing reinforcement for activities that do not involve alcohol.

D. treating the biological and environmental factors involved simultaneously.

E. All of the these are goals of broad-spectrum cognitive-behavioural therapy of alcohol abuse.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health

Taylor – Chapter 05 #18

19. Naltrexone, a medication, is used to

A. modify the action of GABA, a neurotransmitter.

B. prevent alcoholics from drinking by causing the body to negatively react to alcohol.

C. prevent relapse among alcoholics.

D. give alcohol a foul taste.

E. trick the brain into thinking that it is consuming alcohol when mixed with water.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health

Taylor – Chapter 05 #19

20. Many successful treatment programs have attempted to provide alcoholics with

A. relaxation training.

B. assertiveness training.

C. social skills training.

D. stress management techniques.

E. relaxation, assertiveness, and social skills training, as well as general stress management

techniques.

21. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health

Taylor – Chapter 05 #20

Surveys of alcohol treatment programs suggest that programs are most successful when participants

remain in treatment for

A. one to two weeks.

B. six to eight weeks.

C. two to three months.

D. at least four months.

E. 28 days.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health

Taylor – Chapter 05 #21

____________

of Canadian undergraduate university students engage in harmful

22. As many as

drinking.

A. 2%

B. 10%

C. 16%

D. 22%

E. 32%

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health

Taylor – Chapter 05 #2223. With increased media attention on the problem of drunk driving, drinkers seem to be

__________________

to avoid driving while drunk.

A. limiting drinks to a prescribed number

B. arranging for a designated driver

C. getting taxis

D. delaying or avoiding driving after consuming alcohol

E. All of these answers are correct.

24. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health

Taylor – Chapter 05 #23

Moderate alcohol intake has been associated with

A. increased risk from coronary artery disease.

B. increased risk for cardiovascular disease.

C. elevated levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC).

D. elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC).

E. increased cancer risk.

25. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health

Taylor – Chapter 05 #24

For Aboriginal peoples, leaving the community for a residential addictions facility can

A. increase the chance of healing alcoholism and problem drinking.

B. reduce community triggers for problem drinking.

C. decrease the chance of relapse.

D. increase the chance of alcoholism and problem drinking.

E. increase risky sexual behaviours.

26.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health

Taylor – Chapter 05 #25

is/are the single greatest cause of preventable death.

_______________

A. Obesity

B. Alcoholism

C. Vehicular accidents

D. Smoking

E. Risky sexual behaviours

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #26

deaths per year are related to smoking.

27. In Canada, approximately _______________

A. 10,000

B. 25,000

C. 45,000

D. 50,000

E. 65,000

28. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #27

Smoking and serum cholesterol interact to produce higher rates of morbidity and mortality by

A. decreasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) production.

B. increasing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) production.

C. inhibiting the blood’s ability to coagulate.

D. reducing blood oxygen capacity and increasing carbon monoxide levels.

E. increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) production.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #2829. Following the publication of the Surgeon General’s report on smoking in 1964, in Canada

A. smoking in all groups has continued to increase.

B. smoking in all groups has continued to increase, but the rate of increase has slowed.

C. men’s smoking has declined, but women’s has remained stable.

D. smoking among older people was relatively unaffected, but the percentage of teenage smokers has

declined.

E. All of these answers are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #29

30. Smoking among adolescents is

A. independent of other health-compromising behaviours.

B. likely to occur in the presence of peers.

C. an effort to maintain a positive mood.

D. unrelated to individual differences in personality.

E. likely to occur in relation to drinking behaviour.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #30

31.

32. 33. “Chippers”

A. is a term used to describe usually light smokers.

B. do not have the same risk factors as other smokers.

C. are declining in number.

D. are individuals who consume more than 20 cigarettes a day.

E. are more likely to eat while consuming cigarettes.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #31

Fiissel and Lafreniere (2006) suggested that women who report that they smoke to control their

appetite and weight

A. internalized the prescribed cultural standards of thinness.

B. are overweight or obese.

C. have eating disorders.

D. have a family history of eating disorders.

E. are more likely to come from single parent households.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #32

Adolescents are more likely to smoke if

A. their parents smoke.

B. they have a lower SES.

C. there has been a major stressor in the family.

D. they feel social pressure to smoke.

E. All of these answers are correct.

34. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #33

The two “windows of opportunity” for beginning smoking are

A. late elementary and high school.

B. high school and beginning university.

C. late elementary school and beginning university.

D. high school and the ages 23-28.

E. there is only one window of opportunity.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #3435. Nicotine alters levels of active neuroregulators which

A. enhances memory.

B. reduces anxiety and tension.

C. improves mood.

D. improves psychomotor performance.

E. All of these answers are correct.

36. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #35

Evaluations of the effect of mass media anti-smoking messages suggest that they

A. provide information to smokers about health habits but have little effect on attitudes about

smoking.

B. provide information about health habits to the general population but have little effect on anyone’s

behaviour.

C. provide information about health habits and discouraging youth from beginning to smoke.

D. provide information about health habits and discourage adult non-smokers from beginning to

smoke.

E. provide information about health habits and discouraging youth and adult non-smokers from

beginning to smoke.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #36

37. The use of transdermal nicotine patches

A. produces a sharper rise in nicotine level than does cigarette smoking.

B. does not produce significant gains in smoking cessation.

C. produces significant smoking cessation.

D. is more strongly associated with cardiovascular risk than is smoking.

E. was the first tool used for smoke cessation.

38. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #37

In which stage of Prochaska’s transtheoretical model of behaviour change would information about the

adverse health consequences of smoking would be the most effective to provide to smokers?

A. precontemplation

B. contemplation

C. action

D. preparation

E. maintenance

39. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #38

Ex-smokers are more likely to be successful over the short term if they have

A. a supportive partner.

B. non-smoking supportive friends.

C. smoking supportive friends.

D. a supportive partner and non-smoking supportive friends.

E. a regular exercise routine.

40. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #39

The best predictor of long-term abstinence among smokers is

A. social support.

B. environmental support.

C. self-efficacy.

D. remaining vigilant about not smoking.

E. strength of intention to quit.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #4041. Physicians and other health care professionals are less helpful in controlling smoking as could be

expected because

A. many smokers do not listen to them.

B. they rarely give advice to smokers.

C. they do not always have a negative attitude towards smoking.

D. almost all believe they would not be able to motivate people.

E. there is no time to discuss this on a routine visit.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #41

42. Programs that provide materials to smokers so that they can quit on their own

A. are too haphazard in nature to be successful.

B. have been found to have higher initial quit rates than cognitive-behavioural interventions.

C. have been found to be as successful as cognitive-behavioural interventions in terms of long-term

maintenance.

D. have the same impact as cognitive-behavioural interventions but are not as cost effective.

E. have been found to have high long-term relapse rates.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #42

43. More than

_______________

A. fifty thousand

B. one hundred thousand

C. two hundred thousand

D. half a million

E. one million

Canadians successfully quit smoking each year.

44. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #43

Those who quit smoking on their own

A. appear to be more successful in maintaining abstinence than participants in smoking cessation

programs.

B. have high levels of self-control that is related to low relapse rates.

C. are more likely to have a socially supportive network that smokes.

D. have strong beliefs in the health benefits of stopping smoking.

E. are more likely to be women.

45. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #44

Social influence intervention programs often use the principle of behavioural inoculation. According

to this principle, exposing individuals to a(an)

A. strong persuasive message ensures that they will internalize the message.

B. boring, repetitive persuasive message ensures that they will become desensitized to the message.

C. one-sided message ensures that uncommitted individuals will more likely be persuaded by the

message.

D. weak version of a persuasive message ensures that they will develop counterarguments to resist a

stronger version of the message.

E. continued message for at least 6 weeks will ensure they will internalize the message.

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Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #4546. A popular new method for reducing smoking is referred to as

A. yap patching.

B. nicco-resting.

C. vaping.

D. e-niccorettes.

E. halo smoking.

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Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #46

47. The social influence intervention program highlights

A. the adverse effects of smoking on health.

B. the financial costs of smoking.

C. the negative social consequences of smoking.

D. how advertisers use subtle techniques, hopefully so students will be more able to resist cigarette

advertising.

E. All of these answers are correct.

48. 49. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #47

Which of the following harm reduction alternatives to smoking provides a promising and safer option

to quitting?

A. Nicco-rest patches.

B. Nicotine gum.

C. Visual reality.

D. E-cigarettes.

E. There are no safe alternatives to smoking.

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Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #48

Evaluation of social influence programs suggests that

A. adolescent smoking rates are unaffected.

B. fewer adolescents begin smoking after exposure to such programs.

C. adolescent smoking rates are reduced for up to four years.

D. programs are needed that will reach the child destined to become a regular smoker.

E. these programs may delay smoking but do not necessarily reduce overall smoking rates.

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Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #49

50. The life-skills-training approach teaches adolescents

A. social skills.

B. refusal skills.

C. coping enhancement.

D. self-esteem.

E. All of these answers are correct.

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Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #50

Passive smoking (second-hand smoke) has been found to be associated with

A. normal blood carbon monoxide levels.

B. increased pulmonary functioning.

C. elevated skin plasticity.

D. childhood obesity.

E. increased rates of lung cancer.

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Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #5152. Anorexia nervosa

A. is caused by amenorrhea.

B. is characterized by the binge-and-purge syndrome.

C. is characterized by reduced interest in food and restricted physical activity.

D. is characterized by dieting and exercising that results in weight loss that is significantly below

optimal levels.

E. has a purely environmental etiology.

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Learning Objective: 05-05 Describe eating disorders

Taylor – Chapter 05 #52

53. Anorexia has been found to be correlated with

A. body image disturbance.

B. high blood pressure and heart reactivity to stress.

C. self-esteem.

D. depression and anxiety.

E. All of these answers are correct.

54. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-05 Describe eating disorders

Taylor – Chapter 05 #53

Initial therapy for anorexia is focused on weight gain and usually uses a

_______________

approach.

A. cognitive

B. family therapy

C. psychodynamic

D. behavioural

E. person-centered

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Learning Objective: 05-05 Describe eating disorders

Taylor – Chapter 05 #54

55. Bulimia is correlated with

A. stress.

B. amenorrhea.

C. perfectionism.

D. obsession.

E. alcoholism.

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Learning Objective: 05-05 Describe eating disorders

Taylor – Chapter 05 #55

_______________

appears to be the

Most therapies for anorexia utilize

_______________, whereas

most effective treatment for bulimia.

A. behavioural therapy; medication and cognitive-behavioural therapy

B. medication; behavioural therapy

C. medication and cognitive-behavioural therapy; inpatient treatment

D. medication and inpatient treatment; cognitive-behavioural therapy

E. person-centered therapy; behavioural therapy

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Learning Objective: 05-05 Describe eating disorders

Taylor – Chapter 05 #56

Many health-compromising behaviours share several important characteristics. Describe these

characteristics and the implications for intervention programs.

Answers may vary

Learning Objective: 05-01 Identify the characteristics of health-compromising behaviours

Taylor – Chapter 05 #5758. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63.

Explain the consequences of illicit drug use.

Answers may vary

Learning Objective: 05-02 Describe and define substance dependence

Taylor – Chapter 05 #58

Identify and describe the biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors implicated in alcohol

abuse.

Answers may vary

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health

Taylor – Chapter 05 #59

Explain the problem of relapse in the treatment of alcohol abuse. Which intervention strategies

address this problem most effectively? Substantiate your answer with research from the text.

Answers may vary

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health

Taylor – Chapter 05 #60

Answer the question posed in the text: “Why do people smoke?”

Answers may vary

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #61

Describe the factors associated with smoking in adolescence. Evaluate the effectiveness of prevention

programs targeting adolescents.

Answers may vary

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking

Taylor – Chapter 05 #62

Describe the similarities and differences of anorexia and bulimia, including causes, symptoms, and

treatment.

Answers may vary

Learning Objective: 05-05 Describe eating disorders

Taylor – Chapter 05 #635 Summary

Category # of Questions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 56

Learning Objective: 05-01 Identify the characteristics of health-compromising behaviours 4

Learning Objective: 05-02 Describe and define substance dependence 6

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking 15

30

Learning Objective: 05-05 Describe eating disorders 8

Taylor – Chapter 05 63