Chapter 52 Assessment of Renal Function

Chapter 52  Assessment of Renal Function

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The nurse has provided basic information to a client about the kidneys. Which of the following client statements would indicate that additional instruction would be needed?
1.
“A person cannot survive without both kidneys.”
2.
“The kidneys are approximately 4.5 inches long.”
3.
“The kidneys are positioned in the retroperitoneal space.”
4.
“The right kidney is lower than the left.”

ANS: 1
The client statement that would indicate the need for more instruction is “a person cannot survive without both kidneys.” A person can easily survive with a single kidney. The other client statements would not indicate the need for additional instruction.

PTS: 1 DIF: Analyze REF: Anatomy and Physiology: Kidneys

2. The nurse is assessing the renal system of an elderly client. Which of the following is not an age-related change seen in the renal system?
1.
Decreased glomerular filtration rate
2.
Decreased muscle tone and elasticity in the ureters, bladder, and urinary sphincter
3.
Prostatic hypoplasia in the male
4.
Nocturia

ANS: 3
Prostatic hyperplasia, not hypoplasia, is the age-related change often seen in elderly male patients resulting in urinary retention. The other choices are age-related changes that can occur in the renal system.

PTS: 1 DIF: Analyze
REF: Respecting Our Differences: Age-Related Changes in the Renal System

3. A client with an alteration in the renal system is demonstrating inconsistent blood pressure control. The nurse realizes that the substance produced by the kidneys that assists in blood pressure control is:
1.
antidiuretic hormone.
2.
erythropoietin.
3.
renin.
4.
vitamin D.

ANS: 3
Renin is produced by the kidneys and helps control blood pressure. Antidiuretic hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary. Erythropoietin stimulates the production of red blood cells. Vitamin D is activated by the kidneys and influences calcium metabolism.

PTS: 1 DIF: Analyze REF: Renin-Angiotensin System

4. A client has had a sudden 5-kg weight gain. The nurse calculates the client’s fluid retention as being:
1.
2.5 L.
2.
5 L.
3.
10 L.
4.
15 L.

ANS: 2
A sudden increase of daily weight can indicate retention of body fluids. A weight gain of 1 kg would indicate retention of 1 L of fluid. The client who had a 5 kg weight gain would have a fluid retention of 5 L.

PTS: 1 DIF: Apply REF: Red Flag: Fluid Volume Excess