Chapter 46 Monitoring and Management of the Patient in the Intensive Care Unit

Chapter 46  Monitoring and Management of the Patient in the Intensive Care Unit

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. While monitoring patients, signals, or values are susceptible to variability due to all of the following, except:
a.
artifacts
b.
factitious events
c.
instrument drift
d.
seasonal variation

ANS: D
Signals or values are susceptible to variability due to artifacts, factitious events, physiologic variation, and instrument drift.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 1161 OBJ: 1

2. Temporary variation in pulmonary artery pressure readings due to movement of the hemodynamic monitoring line is an example of what type of variability?
a.
artifact
b.
factitious event
c.
physiologic variation
d.
instrument drift

ANS: A
Artifacts are frequently seen, for example, when the patient or monitoring lines are moved.

DIF: Application REF: p. 1161 OBJ: 1

3. You are monitoring blood pressure during mechanical ventilation of a patient with pneumonia. A temporary increase in blood pressure occurs when the patient coughs. This temporary spike in blood pressure represents what type of variability?
a.
artifact
b.
factitious event
c.
physiologic variation
d.
instrument drift

ANS: C
The signal itself can exhibit a random variability related to the inherent imprecision of the signal or due to normal physiologic variability in the patient. Blood pressure, for example, changes within a certain range for many reasons.

DIF: Application REF: p. 1161 OBJ: 1

4. Which of the following are the reasons monitors are needed?
1. continuous assessment
2. analysis of vital signs
3. measurement of values that caregivers cannot detect
a.
1 only
b.
1 and 2
c.
1 and 3
d.
1, 2, and 3

ANS: C
Monitors are needed for two main reasons: (1) continuous assessment (humans need breaks) and (2) measurement of values that caregivers cannot detect such as ECG findings and airway pressure.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 1162 OBJ: 1

5. All of the following parameters are major factors in determining tissue oxygenation, except:
a.
arterial oxygenation
b.
tissue perfusion
c.
oxygen uptake
d.
R/Q ratio

ANS: D
Tissue oxygenation depends on inspired oxygen levels (FIO2), inspired partial pressure of oxygen (PIO2), alveolar oxygen tension (PAO2), arterial oxygenation (PaO2, SaO2, oxygen content of arterial blood [CaO2]), oxygen delivery (DO2), tissue perfusion, and oxygen uptake.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 1162 OBJ: 4