Chapter 43 Endocrine System

Chapter 43  Endocrine System

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. What is the primary function of insulin?
a.
to stimulate active transport of glucose into muscle and adipose tissue cells
b.
to convert glycogen to glucose
c.
to stimulate breakdown of adipose tissue
d.
to increase breakdown of protein into amino acids

ANS: A
Insulin is a hormone produced and secreted by the pancreas. Insulin stimulates the active transport of glucose into muscle and adipose tissue cells, making it available for cell use.

PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010)

2. When the body produces an excess amount of insulin, the nurse should monitor for signs and symptoms of:
a.
diabetes insipidus
c.
hyperglycemia
b.
diabetes mellitus
d.
hypoglycemia

ANS: D
Hypoglycemia, or low blood glucose, results when the body produces an excess amount of insulin.

PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010)

3. Symptoms of glycosuria, polyuria, polydipsia, and ketoacidosis are indicative of which of these conditions?
a.
gestational diabetes mellitus
b.
idiopathic diabetes mellitus
c.
impaired glucose tolerance
d.
non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

ANS: B
Manifestations of type 1 diabetes typically include abrupt onset of glycosuria (glucose in the urine), polydipsia (excessive thirst), polyuria (increased urination), and polyphagia (increased hunger); ketonuria (ketones in the urine) may develop as fat stores are metabolized for energy.

PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010)

4. Which forms of type 1 diabetes are characterized by an absolute insulin deficiency requiring management with insulin injections?
a.
gestational diabetes mellitus
b.
impaired glucose tolerance
c.
immune-mediated or idiopathic diabetes mellitus
d.
chemical-induced diabetes mellitus

ANS: C
Immune-mediated or idiopathic diabetes mellitus are two forms of diabetes resulting from pancreatic beta-cell destruction or primary defect in beta-cell function. They are characterized by an absolute insulin deficiency requiring management with insulin injections.

PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010)

5. The nurse is caring for a client who has a family history of diabetes, is obese, and is aging. Which type of diabetes would the nurse suspect this client has?
a.
gestational diabetes mellitus
c.
type 1 diabetes mellitus
b.
immune-mediated diabetes mellitus
d.
type 2 diabetes mellitus

ANS: D
Type 2 diabetes mellitus initially begins with insulin resistance, where the cells are not able to use the insulin properly. As it progresses, the pancreas gradually loses the ability to produce adequate qualities of insulin. Risk factors include family history, age, obesity, ethnicity, and a history of gestational diabetes.

PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010)