Chapter 39 Urinary System

Chapter 39  Urinary System

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A client with urinary retention may be treated by all of the following methods. Which method is preferred when the client is in acute distress?
a.
antispasmodics
c.
urinary analgesics
b.
surgery
d.
urinary catheterization

ANS: D
A person who is unable to void when there is an urge to void has urinary retention. This condition creates urinary stasis and increases the possibility of infection. The urine may overflow the bladder’s capacity, causing incontinence. The client may experience discomfort, anxiety, frequency of urination, and voiding of small amounts. The distended bladder can be palpated above the symphysis. The nurse should check for residual urine when the client does void. The way to check for residual urine is by catheterization.

PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: White (2010)

2. A client who has an enlarged prostate gland tells the nurse he feels like his bladder is not completely empty after voiding, and his health care provider requests a check for residual urine. Which of these nursing actions is correct?
a.
Catheterize him immediately after he voids, and record the amount obtained.
b.
Have him measure his voidings in sequentially numbered containers and record the amount and time of each voiding.
c.
Insert a retention catheter, and connect it to a bedside collection unit.
d.
Keep an accurate intake and output (I&O), and subtract and record the difference between the intake and the output for each 8-hour shift.

ANS: A
The distended bladder can be palpated above the symphysis. The nurse should check for residual urine when the client does void. The way to check for residual urine is by cauterization.

PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010)

3. A 60-year-old female client states that whenever she coughs, sneezes, or laughs there is leakage of urine. The nurse explains to the client that the incontinence this client experiencing is:
a.
overflow
c.
total
b.
stress
d.
urge

ANS: B
Stress incontinence, the most common type, is a leakage of urine when a person does anything that strains the abdomen such as coughing, laughing, jogging, dancing, sneezing, lifting, making a quick movement, or even walking.

PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010)

4. What is the goal of surgery to treat stress urinary incontinence?
a.
to close the urethra enough to prevent urine from leaking out
b.
to inject collagen into the tissues surrounding the urethra
c.
to perform the Kegel procedure
d.
to restore and reconstruct the support of the pelvic floor muscles

ANS: D
Urinary incontinence is the involuntary loss of urine from the bladder. Although this is a physiologic problem, it also affects the client’s emotional, psychological, and social well-being. All types of incontinence such as stress, urge, overflow, total, and nocturnal enuresis can be treated to restore and reconstruct the support of the pelvic floor muscles.

PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010)

5. What is the MOST common cause of urge incontinence?
a.
an irritated bladder due to infection or very concentrated urine
b.
excessive intake of fluids
c.
loss of perineal muscle tone due to trauma or aging
d.
use of alpha-antagonist medications

ANS: A
Urge incontinence occurs when a person is unable to suppress the sudden urge or need to urinate. An irritated bladder is often the cause.

PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010)