Chapter 33 Surgery

Chapter 33  Surgery

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. When discussing an upcoming surgery with a client, the nurse is aware that which of these statements about the perioperative experience is TRUE?
a.
To a client, there is no such thing as minor surgery.
b.
Major surgery creates as much body stress as minor surgery.
c.
Surgery is performed primarily for curative reasons.
d.
Surgeons play the major role in the perioperative experience.

ANS: A
Surgery is a major stressor for every client. There is no such thing as minor surgery to a client. Anxiety and fear are normal reactions. The nurse should recognize that clients frequently experience some degree of anxiety about surgery, and such feelings can affect coping abilities. The nurse can provide clients with information about the surgical experience and offer appropriate support.

PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010)

2. Of the common fears that clients have related to surgery, which fear is MOST prevalent and most easily addressed by nurses?
a.
anesthesia
c.
pain and discomfort
b.
disruption of life patterns
d.
the unknown

ANS: D
The most common fears related to surgery are fear of the unknown, of pain and discomfort, of mutilation and disfigurement, of anesthesia, of disruption of life patterns, of death, and of not being in control. The one most easily addressed by nurses is the fear of the unknown. The nurse can provide clients with information about the surgical experience and offer appropriate support.

PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010)

3. The nurse is caring for a client about to undergo surgery. A major nursing role related to preoperative physiologic assessment and diagnostic tests is to:
a.
ensure the tests ordered by the health care provider have been performed
b.
inform the client and family of test results
c.
notify the surgeon that tests have been completed
d.
make the client’s family comfortable while tests are performed

ANS: A
Preoperative physiologic assessment includes a physical examination and reports of the client’s laboratory and diagnostic studies such as blood components (e.g., hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell count, and typing and crossmatching), serum electrolytes, bilirubin, liver enzymes, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and urinalysis. Depending on the client’s age and type of surgery to be performed, chest X-ray and electrocardiogram may also be included. Preoperative testing is often done several days before the scheduled surgery.

PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010)

4. What is the primary reason that electrocardiograms (EKGs) are routinely performed in middle-aged and older adult clients undergoing surgery?
a.
Most insurance coverage dictates that they be performed.
b.
The client’s cardiac health must be evaluated because of the physical stress of surgery.
c.
Ischemic heart disease is prevalent in these age groups.
d.
A baseline study for comparison is needed should subsequent EKGs be needed.

ANS: C
Depending on the client’s age and type of surgery to be performed, chest X-ray and EKG may also be included. Middle-aged and older adult clients have an increased risk for ischemic heart disease. Preoperative testing is often done several days before the scheduled surgery.

PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010)

5. Infants who undergo surgery are at greater risk than adults for which of these possible complications?
a.
hyperthermia
c.
fluid overload
b.
cardiac arrest
d.
prolonged wound healing

ANS: C
Infants easily become dehydrated or experience fluid overload with resultant electrolyte imbalances.

PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: White (2010)