Chapter 31 Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Disorders

Chapter 31  Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Disorders

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Another name for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is:
a.
hyaline membrane disease
b.
transient tachypnea of the newborn
c.
type II RDS
d.
persistent pulmonary hypertension

ANS: A
Respiratory distress syndrome, or hyaline membrane disease, is a disease of prematurity.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 681 OBJ: 1

2. What are the major factors in the pathophysiology of RDS?
1. qualitative surfactant deficiency
2. increased alveolar surface area
3. increased small airways compliance
4. presence of the ductus arteriosus
a.
1 and 2
b.
1 and 3
c.
1, 3, and 4
d.
1, 2, 3, and 4

ANS: C
The major factors in the pathophysiology of RDS are qualitative surfactant deficiency, decreased alveolar surface area, increased small airways compliance, and the presence of the ductus arteriosus.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 681 OBJ: 1

3. Which of the following factors is associated with an increase in the incidence of RDS?
a.
maternal heart disease
b.
maternal diabetes
c.
maternal asthma
d.
long labor

ANS: B
Maternal factors that impair fetal blood flow, such as abruptio placentae and maternal diabetes, also may lead to RDS.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 681 OBJ: 1

4. In preterm infants, adequate amounts of surfactant are present; however, it is trapped inside type II cells.
a.
True
b.
False

ANS: A
In preterm infants adequate amounts of surfactant are present in the lung; however, the surfactant is trapped inside type II cells.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 681 OBJ: 1

5. What is the first clinical sign of RDS in the newborn infant?
a.
cyanosis
b.
wheezing
c.
hypertension
d.
tachypnea

ANS: D
Tachypnea usually occurs first.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 681 OBJ: 1