Chapter 28 Assisting with Respiration and Oxygen Delivery

Chapter 28  Assisting with Respiration and Oxygen Delivery

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The nurse uses a diagram to show that when the diaphragm moves:
a.
up, the increased negative pressure in the thoracic space forces air into the lungs.
b.
down, the intercostal muscles retract, forcing air out of the lungs.
c.
down, the negative pressure in the thoracic space pulls air into the lungs.
d.
up, the decreased negative pressure allows air to enter the lungs.

ANS: C
When the diaphragm moves down, increasing the size of the thoracic space, air is pulled into the lungs. The respiratory action is controlled by the spinal cord.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 509 OBJ: Theory #1
TOP: Respiratory Action KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

2. The nurse clarifies that the condition in which there is a decreased amount of oxygen in the blood is:
a.
hypoxia.
b.
hypercapnia.
c.
dyspnea.
d.
hypoxemia.

ANS: D
Hypoxemia is a condition in which there is a decreased amount of oxygen in the blood, hypoxia is inadequate oxygen to meet cellular needs, hypercapnia is increased level of carbon dioxide in the blood, and dyspnea is difficulty breathing.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 510 OBJ: Theory #1
TOP: Oxygen Levels KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

3. The nurse monitoring patients eating in the dining room of a skilled nursing facility notes that a patient begins choking. As the nurse prepares to deliver the Heimlich maneuver, the fist should be positioned:
a.
halfway between the xiphoid process and the umbilicus.
b.
directly over the sternum.
c.
between the umbilicus and the symphysis pubis.
d.
directly over the umbilicus.

ANS: A
Proper placement of the fist is halfway between the xiphoid process and the umbilicus.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 514|Skill 28-2
OBJ: Clinical Practice #1 TOP: Heimlich Maneuver
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

4. A patient has collapsed and cannot be aroused by asking loudly, “Are you okay?” The next action should be to:
a.
position the fingers over the carotid artery to feel for a pulse.
b.
tilt the head by placing one hand on the forehead and lift the chin.
c.
call for help or, if there is assistance, have that person get help.
d.
deliver two quick short breaths into the patient’s airway.

ANS: C
The sequence for resuscitative interventions is to check for responsiveness; if no response, activate emergency medical services, check for pulse at carotid, begin compressions, then open the airway and check for breathing.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 515|Skill 28-3
OBJ: Theory #3 TOP: Basic Life Support
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

5. The nurse instructing the patient to perform forceful exhalation coughing would instruct the patient to take in:
a.
one deep breath and quickly exhale.
b.
two breaths and force the air out quickly.
c.
two deep breaths, then inhale deeply again and force out the air quickly.
d.
one breath, hold it for 3 seconds, then forcefully exhale three times with mouth open.

ANS: C
Proper coughing procedure is to take in two deep breaths, inhale deeply again and to forcibly exhale (cough) at the end of the third breath. This technique is very effective in moving secretions up the bronchial tree.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 513 OBJ: Clinical Practice #1
TOP: Effective Coughing KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort