Chapter 26 Vital Signs

Chapter 26  Vital Signs

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The nurse is calculating the rate of energy use in a client’s body that is needed to maintain essential activities. This calculation is:
a.
baseline values.
c.
hemodynamic regulation.
b.
basal metabolic rate.
d.
thermoregulation.

ANS: B
Basal metabolic rate is the rate of energy use in the body needed to maintain essential activities. Baseline values establish the norm against which subsequent measurements can be compared. Thermoregulation is the body’s physiological function of heat regulation to maintain a constant internal body temperature. Hemodynamic regulation is the physiological function of blood circulating to maintain an appropriate environment in tissue fluids.

PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis REF: Physiological Function

2. A client’s body temperature is dropping. Temperature or heat loss occurs through:
a.
vasodilation.
c.
piloerection.
b.
vasoconstriction.
d.
muscle shivering.

ANS: A
Vasodilation is the widening of blood vessels to release body heat. Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of blood vessels to trap body heat. Muscle shivering will increase body heat and body temperature. Piloerection is the body hairs being erect and is seen when the body temperature is low.

PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis REF: Physiological Function

3. The nurse, bathing a client in cool or tepid water, will cause heat loss to occur by:
a.
radiation.
c.
convection.
b.
conduction.
d.
respiration.

ANS: B
Conduction is the loss of heat to an object in contact with the body. The client’s body heat will be released into the cool or tepid water. Radiation is the loss of heat in the form of infrared rays. Convection is the movement of heat away from the body’s surface. Respiration is not a method of heat loss.

PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: Table 26-1 Methods of Heat Loss

4. The nurse is determining the mechanism in which a client is losing body heat. The one mechanism, insensible heat loss is:
a.
loss of heat to an object in contact with the body.
b.
loss of heat in the form of infrared rays.
c.
loss of heat through the continuous, unnoticed water loss that occurs with vaporization.
d.
movement of heat away from the body’s surface.

ANS: C
Insensible heat loss is the heat that is lost through the continuous, unnoticed water loss that occurs with vaporization and accounts for 10% of basal heat production. Conduction is loss of heat to an object in contact with the body. Radiation is the loss of heat in the form of infrared rays. Convection is the movement of heat away from the body’s surface.

PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis
REF: Physiological Function: Heat Loss| Table 26-1 Methods of Heat Loss

5. The nurse, preparing to assess a client’s heart rate, realizes that the cardiac centers controlling heart rate are located in the:
a.
hypothalamus.
c.
lungs.
b.
brain stem.
d.
coronary arteries.

ANS: B
Acceleration or deceleration of the heart rate is controlled by the cardiac centers that are located in the medulla of the brain stem. Cardiac centers are not located in the hypothalamus, lungs, or coronary arteries.

PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis REF: Hemodynamic Monitoring