Chapter 26 Infectious Disease Prevention and Control

Chapter 26  Infectious Disease Prevention and Control

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following is the number one cause of death worldwide?
a.
Chronic diseases (heart disease, cancer, stroke)
b.
Infectious diseases
c.
Injuries (accidental or purposeful)
d.
Terrorism

ANS: B
In countries with higher standards of living, where people live longer, chronic diseases—heart disease, cancer, and stroke—are the leading causes of death. Infectious diseases, however, are still the number-one cause of death worldwide.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: p. 477

2. Which of the following places best describes where the incidence of Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is currently rising?
a.
Areas where people share dressing or bathing facilities
b.
Daycare centers and schools
c.
Long-term care facilities
d.
Senior citizen centers

ANS: A
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) remain problems for people who acquire the bacteria in the hospital, but there is a growing incidence of community-acquired MRSA in places where people closely share facilities such as locker rooms, prisons, and other close bathing areas.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 478

3. During an outbreak of hepatitis A, nurses are giving injections of hepatitis A immunoglobulin to selected susceptible persons. Which of the following best describes the type of immunity that will follow the administration of these injections?
a.
Active immunity
b.
Long-lasting immunity
c.
Natural immunity
d.
Passive immunity

ANS: D
Passive immunity refers to immunization through the transfer of a specific antibody from an immunized individual to a nonimmunized individual, such as the transfer of antibody by administration of an antibody-containing preparation (immune globulin or antiserum). Passive immunity from immune globulin is almost immediate but short-lived. It often is induced as a stopgap measure until active immunity has had time to develop after vaccination.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: p. 480

4. A man loudly protests his increased property tax bill right after the public health department has made a plea for more funds. “Why,” he asks, “should my tax dollars be used to pay for their children to be immunized?” Which of the following would be the best response by the nurse?
a.
“Immunizations are required by law, and if their parents can’t afford it, you and I will have to pay for it.”
b.
“It’s just the right thing to do.”
c.
“Only by making sure most kids are immunized can we stop epidemics that might hurt all of us.”
d.
“We’re a religious God-fearing community, and we take care of each other.”

ANS: C
Herd immunity is the resistance of a group of people to invasion and spread of an infectious agent because a high proportion of individual members of a group are resistant to the infection. Higher immunization coverage will lead to greater herd immunity, which in turn will block the further spread of the disease.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: p. 480

5. Which of the following components of the epidemiologic triangle contributes most to a female client developing a vaginal infection caused by fungi after successful treatment of her strep throat with antibiotics?
a.
Agent
b.
Environment
c.
Host
d.
Agent and host

ANS: B
The antibiotic therapy eliminates a specific pathological agent, but it also may alter the balance of normally occurring organisms in the woman’s body, which causes a change in the vaginal environment and allows normally present fungi to proliferate, resulting in a yeast infection.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) REF: p. 480