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Chapter 26 Infectious Disease Prevention and Control
Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
Sample Questions
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Worldwide, what is the number-one cause of death?
a.
Chronic diseases (heart disease, cancer, stroke)
b.
Infectious diseases
c.
Injuries (accidental or purposeful)
d.
Terrorism
ANS: B
In countries with higher standards of living, where people live longer, chronic diseases—heart disease, cancer, and stroke—are the leading causes of death. Infectious diseases, however, are still the number-one cause of death worldwide.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 485
2. VRSA and MRSA were formerly found primarily in hospitals, but where are outbreaks currently on the rise?
a.
Areas where people share dressing or bathing facilities
b.
Day care centers and schools
c.
Long-term care facilities
d.
Senior citizen centers
ANS: A
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) remain problems for people who acquire the bacteria in the hospital, but there is a growing incidence of community-acquired MRSA in places where people closely share facilities such as locker rooms, prisons, and other close bathing areas.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 486
3. Which component of the epidemiologic triangle contributes most to a female client developing a vaginal infection caused by fungi after successful treatment of her strep throat with antibiotics?
a.
Agent
b.
Environment
c.
Host
d.
Agent and host
ANS: B
The antibiotic therapy eliminates a specific pathological agent, but it also may alter the balance of normally occurring organisms in the woman’s body, which causes a change in the vaginal environment and allows normally present fungi to proliferate, resulting in a yeast infection.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Synthesis REF: p. 487
4. During an outbreak of hepatitis A, nurses are giving injections of hepatitis A immunoglobulin to selected susceptible persons. What sort of immunity will follow?
a.
Active immunity
b.
Long-lasting immunity
c.
Natural immunity
d.
Passive immunity
ANS: D
Passive immunity refers to immunization through the transfer of a specific antibody from an immunized individual to a nonimmunized individual, such as the transfer of antibody by administration of an antibody-containing preparation (immune globulin or antiserum). Passive immunity from immune globulin is almost immediate but short-lived. It often is induced as a stopgap measure until active immunity has had time to develop after vaccination.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 487
5. A man loudly protests his increased property tax bill right after the public health department has made a plea for more funds. “Why,” he asks, “should my tax dollars be used to pay for their children to be immunized?” What might be your response?
a.
“Immunizations are required by law, and if their parents can’t afford it, you and I will have to pay for it.”
b.
“It’s just the right thing to do.”
c.
“Only by making sure most kids are immunized can we stop epidemics that might hurt all of us.”
d.
“We’re a religious God-fearing community, and we take care of each other.”
ANS: C
Herd immunity is the resistance of a group of people to invasion and spread of an infectious agent because a high proportion of individual members of a group are resistant to the infection. Higher immunization coverage will lead to greater herd immunity, which in turn will block the further spread of the disease.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 487
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