Chapter 24 Personality Development and Personality Disorders

Chapter 24  Personality Development and Personality Disorders

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

When the nurse is not informed of developmental and cultural issues related to his or her client’s background, which of the following may be expected?
A)
Normal patterns of behavior may be labeled as deviant, immoral, or insane.
B)
The meaning of the client’s behavior can be derived from conventional wisdom.
C)
The nurse should rely on personal values and standards.
D)
The nurse should request a change of assignment.
Ans:
A

Feedback:

If the nurse does not remain culturally sensitive, it is possible that symptoms or behaviors that are observed might be misinterpreted as deviant or immoral. Client behavior is always based upon client history and cultural background; understanding of behavior cannot be obtained simply from conventional wisdom.

2.
A mental health nurse is working with a client with antisocial personality disorder. The nurse has just reviewed the unit rule of one cigarette per break. While telling him about the unit rules, he asks, “Well, if I have not done anything bad all day, can I have two cigarettes instead of one?” The most therapeutic nursing response would be which of the following?
A)
“Well, that’s a good question. I need to check with the team.”
B)
“No, only one cigarette is allowed per break time.”
C)
“This is a good example of trying to push your limits.”
D)
“It depends on whether or not we can make that exception that day.”
Ans:
B

Feedback:

The client is trying to manipulate the nurse in order to gratify his immediate need for a cigarette. In responding to manipulative behavior, the most therapeutic intervention is to maintain the limits that have been set and not to change the rules or make concessions for the client. The correct answer is the only option that is clear and assertive and maintains the rules.

3.
When assessing a client from a Freudian developmental perspective, the nurse determines that he is functioning in the latency stage based on which of the following behaviors?
A)
He frequently bites the other children at preschool.
B)
He has not yet developed adequate bowel control.
C)
He is beginning to develop inner control over aggressive impulses.
D)
He has developed the capacity for object relations.
Ans:
C

Feedback:

The latency stage, according to Freud, is the stage in which the child is beginning to develop internal control over aggressive impulses.

4.
The nurse observes an elderly client teaching an adolescent how to crochet a pot holder. The nurse evaluates this behavior as evidence of resolution of Erickson’s developmental stage of what?
A)
Trust vs. mistrust
B)
Initiative vs. guilt
C)
Industry vs. inferiority
D)
Generativity vs. stagnation
Ans:
D

Feedback:

The ability to teach and help others reveals progression through the developmental stage of generativity (in which individuals are industrious and offer themselves to society) vs. stagnation (characterized by introversion and lack of outward connection with others).

5.
Evidence of personality disorders may be found in all except which of the following clinical symptoms?
A)
Stable, long-lasting patterns of behavior that deviate from cultural norms
B)
Onset in older age, usually over the age of 50
C)
Changes and dysfunction in emotional responses and impulse control
D)
Distress in several important areas of functioning
Ans:
B

Feedback:

Personality disorders are characterized by the following: (1) evidence of an enduring pattern of behavior and inner experience in at least two of these areas—cognition, emotional responses (affect), interpersonal functioning, and impulse control; (2) stable, long-lasting pattern exhibited as a marked deviation from that which is expected in the individual’s culture; (3) onset most likely traceable to adolescence or early adulthood; (4) pattern widespread occurring over personal and social situations; (5) resultant distress in important areas of functioning; and (6) pattern not due associated with or due to a medical condition or another mental disorder.