Chapter 23 Asepsis and Infection Control

Chapter 23  Asepsis and Infection Control

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

1.
The nurse is aware that an antiviral medication is most effective when given during which phase of the infectious process?
A)
Prodromal stage
B)
Incubation period
C)
Full stage of illness
D)
Convalescent period
Ans:
A

Feedback:

When given during the prodromal stage of certain viruses, antiviral medications can shorten the full stage of the illness.

2.
Which of the following most accurately defines an infection?
A)
An illness resulting from living in an unclean environment
B)
The result of lack of knowledge about food preparation
C)
A disease resulting from pathogens in or on the body
D)
An acute or chronic illness resulting from traumatic injury
Ans:
C

Feedback:

An infection is a disease state that results from the presence of pathogens (disease-producing microorganisms) in or on the body.

3.
A client who has had abdominal surgery develops an infection in the wound while still hospitalized. Which of the following agents is most likely the cause of the infection?
A)
Virus
B)
Bacteria
C)
Fungi
D)
Spores
Ans:
B

Feedback:

Some of the more prevalent agents that cause infection are bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Bacteria are the most significant and most commonly observed infection-causing agents in health care institutions.

4.
A nurse caring for a client who has gas gangrene knows that this infection originated in which of the following reservoirs?
A)
Other people
B)
Food
C)
Soil
D)
Animals
Ans:
C

Feedback:

The soil can act as a reservoir; the organisms that cause gas gangrene and tetanus are examples of pathogens whose reservoir is soil. Nurses can serve as reservoirs and inadvertently transfer pathogenic organisms to clients. For example, a nurse with artificial nails may harbor a large number and variety of microbes under the nails. Undercooked ground beef, tomatoes, and bagged spinach are reservoirs that have been identified as responsible for recent outbreaks of E. coli infections. The rabies virus is an example of a pathogen whose reservoir is various animals, notably dogs, squirrels, bats, and raccoons.

5.
A client with an upper respiratory infection (common cold) tells the nurse, “I am so angry with the nurse practitioner because he would not give me any antibiotics.” What would be the most accurate response by the nurse?
A)
“Antibiotics have no effect on viruses.”
B)
“Let me talk to him and see what we can do.”
C)
“Why do you think you need an antibiotic?”
D)
“I know what you mean; you need an antibiotic.”
Ans:
A

Feedback:

Viruses are the smallest of all microorganisms. Viruses, including the common cold and AIDS, cause many infections. Antibiotics have no effect on viruses.