Chapter 22 Young Adult

Chapter 22  Young Adult

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A nurse is planning a community health education program for young adults. Which of the following considerations should be made by the nurse?
a.
The age span encompassing young adulthood is between 20 to 30 years of age.
b.
The number one cause of death for young adults is injury.
c.
The number of young adults in the United States is increasing.
d.
The maternal mortality rate is at its lowest point since 1980.

ANS: B
Young adulthood spans the years between ages 18 to 35. The number of young adults in the United States is declining, and the maternal mortality rate is at its highest level since 1980.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: p. 536

2. A nurse is completing a health counseling session with a 25-year-old woman. Which of the following statements should be made by the nurse during this session?
a.
“A yearly Pap test is recommended for detection of ovarian cancer.”
b.
“Research supports that breast self-exams reduce breast cancer mortality.”
c.
“The incidence of cervical cancer is very low in your age group.”
d.
“Daily physical activity and weight control is one way to stay healthy.”

ANS: D
Screening is strongly recommended for cervical cancer in women who have been sexually active (Papanicolaou [Pap] smears). The incidence of carcinoma in situ is high in young adults. The US Preventative Services Task Force recommends against teaching breast self-examination and concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the additional benefits and harm of clinical breast examination beyond screening mammography for women 40 and older. After age 25, the preventive emphasis is on modifying coronary disease risk factors, which would be accomplished by discussing activity and weight control.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: pp. 538-539

3. A 26-year-old client has a total cholesterol of 206 mg/dL and an LDL of 110. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn by the nurse?
a.
The client has achieved the target levels for cholesterol in young adults.
b.
The client has a very low risk of developing heart disease.
c.
The client requires counseling about cardiac disease risk factors.
d.
The client has early-onset cardiac disease.

ANS: C
Cardiovascular assessment of the young adult includes determining the presences of hyperlipemia, hypertension, diabetes, chest pain, or heart disease. This client has an elevated cholesterol levels and requires additional education about risk factors that may lead to cardiac disease. The Healthy People 2020 target is to reduce the mean total blood cholesterol levels among adults to 177.9 mg/dL. A diagnosis of heart disease cannot be made on the basis of these lab values.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) REF: pp. 538-539

4. The public health nurse is conducting a screening of young adults for metabolic syndrome. When asked about the syndrome, which of the following responses should be made by the nurse?
a.
“Anyone who has low blood sugar, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure has this syndrome and is at risk for cardiac disease.”
b.
“This syndrome helps predict heart disease. Once it is diagnosed, the correct medication can be prescribed and heart disease avoided.”
c.
“This syndrome is a warning sign that the person could develop heart disease. When someone has metabolic syndrome, dietary and activity level changes are recommended.”
d.
“Anyone who has high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and high blood sugar has coronary artery disease. Once we make the diagnosis, we can begin to treat the disease.”

ANS: C
Metabolic syndrome is diagnosed when a person has high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and high blood sugar. A person with this syndrome is at risk for coronary artery disease. Lifestyle changes are tried before medication is used.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) REF: p. 541

5. The university health services nurse is preparing a disease prevention program for college students. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the program?
a.
Living in the dorm increases one’s risk of developing meningococcal disease.
b.
The mortality rate from meningococcal disease is very low.
c.
There are no antiviral medications that can treat meningococcal outbreaks.
d.
A vaccine for meningococcal disease has not been developed.

ANS: A
Although most outbreaks of meningococcal disease are sporadic, young adults living in dormitories or crowded conditions may be more susceptible than young adults not living in close settings. Meningococcal disease has a high mortality rate. It is caused by a bacterium, not a virus, and antibiotics to treat the disease are readily available. A preventive vaccine is available.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: p. 543