Chapter 22 Standard Precautions and Isolation

Chapter 22  Standard Precautions and Isolation

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of these statements about the Guideline for Isolation Precautions in Hospitals revised in 1996 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is TRUE?
a.
The recommendations are not subject to legal enforcement.
b.
The recommendations are revised every 10 years.
c.
The recommendations have been superseded by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations.
d.
The recommendations are subject to individual hospital and health care facility choice as to implementation.

ANS: A
Standard Precautions are guidelines recommended by the CDC to reduce the risk of microorganism transmission from recognized and unrecognized sources of infection in hospitals. Although the CDC recommendations are not subject to legal enforcement, health care facilities must follow regulations issued by OSHA; these regulations incorporate the CDC guidelines and thus ensure that Standard Precautions and transmission-based precautions are followed.

PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: White (2010)

2. When a client is admitted to a health care facility, the client will automatically be placed on which type of isolation precautions?
a.
airborne
c.
none
b.
contact
d.
standard

ANS: D
Standard Precautions apply to blood; all body fluids, secretions, and excretions except sweat, regardless of whether those fluids contain visible blood; nonintact skin; and mucous membranes.

PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010)

3. A nurse observes a certified nursing assistant (CNA) wearing one pair of gloves when taking vital signs on all assigned clients. What action should the nurse take immediately?
a.
Ask the CNA to explain the rationale for this in a private conference.
b.
Ignore the behavior because the CNA is following agency procedure.
c.
Report the CNA to the charge nurse.
d.
Teach the CNA the correct procedure, stressing the rationale.

ANS: D
Components of Standard Precautions include hand washing after touching blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, and contaminated items, even if gloves were worn, and between tasks and procedures on the same client to prevent cross-contamination of body sites; and applying nonsterile gloves before touching mucous membranes, nonintact skin, blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, and contaminated items. Gloves must be changed and hand washing done between clients to prevent nosocomial infections.

PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: White (2010)

4. A labor and delivery nurse is assisting a health care provider who will be artificially rupturing a client’s membranes (AROM). What barrier devices must the health care provider wear?
a.
clean gloves and clean gown
b.
face shield and clean gloves
c.
face shield, sterile gloves, and clean gown
d.
sterile gloves only

ANS: C
Health care providers must apply nonsterile gloves before touching mucous membranes, nonintact skin, blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, and contaminated items; and wear a gown during procedures and client care activities with a high probability of generating splashes or sprays of blood, body fluids, secretions, or excretions. Masks, eye protection, and face shields are to be worn when procedures and client care activities may generate splashes or sprays of blood, body fluids, secretions, or excretions.

PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: White (2010)

5. A nurse is providing morning care to a client whose infected wound must be redressed. Which of these actions is correct?
a.
Don clean gloves and change them between the morning care and dressing change.
b.
Don clean gloves, remove them after morning care, wash hands, and apply new gloves for the dressing change.
c.
Wash hands and wear one pair of clean gloves for all client’s care.
d.
Wear clean gloves for morning care and sterile gloves for the dressing change.

ANS: B
Barrier precautions refer to the use of personal protective equipment (e.g., gowns, gloves) to minimize risk of exposure to blood and body fluids by creating a barrier between the person and the microorganism and preventing transmission of the microorganism. Components of Standard Precautions include hand washing after touching blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, and contaminated items, even if gloves were worn, and between tasks and procedures on the same client to prevent cross-contamination of body sites; and applying nonsterile gloves before touching mucous membranes, nonintact skin, blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, and contaminated items.

PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: White (2010)