Chapter 22 Pulmonary Infections

Chapter 22  Pulmonary Infections

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following is true concerning pneumonia?
a.
Patients with community-acquired pneumonia most often require hospitalization.
b.
Community-acquired pneumonias are most often antibiotic-resistant strains.
c.
Pneumonia is the number one cause of death in the United States.
d.
Pneumonia is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States.

ANS: D
Pneumonia is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States and the most common cause of infection-related mortality.

DIF: Application REF: p. 506 OBJ: 2

2. A patient comes into the emergency department presenting with signs and symptoms of pneumonia. While taking the patient’s history, it is determined that 2 months ago the patient spent 3 days in the hospital for acute angina. Since then the patient has been stable on medication. What type of pneumonia is this patient most likely to have?
a.
CAP
b.
HAP
c.
HCAP
d.
VAP

ANS: C
HCAP is defined as pneumonia occurring in any patient hospitalized for 2 or more days in the past 90 days in an acute care setting or who, in the past 30 days, has resided in a long-term care or nursing facility, attended a hospital or hemodialysis clinic, or who has received intravenous antibiotics, chemotherapy or wound care.

DIF: Application REF: p. 506 OBJ: 2

3. Which of the following types of pneumonia suggests that the patient acquired it through inhalation of infectious particles?
a.
cytomegalovirus
b.
Haemophilus influenzae
c.
histoplasmosis
d.
Staphylococcus

ANS: C
Six pathogenetic mechanisms may contribute to the development of pneumonia (Table 22-2). Histoplasmosis is one of those caused by inhalation of infectious particles.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 507 OBJ: 2

4. Via what route is tuberculosis spread?
a.
direct contact
b.
fecal-oral route
c.
fomite
d.
inhaled particles

ANS: D
Tuberculosis is acquired by inhalation of infectious particles is the basis for a policy whereby patients with suspected or proven tuberculosis who are coughing are placed in respiratory isolation, thereby minimizing the risk of disease transmission within the hospital setting.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 507 OBJ: 2

5. Which group of patients is most likely to develop pneumonia subsequent to large volume aspiration?
a.
acute respiratory distress syndrome
b.
alcohol toxicity
c.
diabetes mellitus
d.
obstructive sleep apnea

ANS: B
Certain patient populations are at risk of large-volume aspiration, such as those with impaired gag reflexes from narcotic use, alcohol intoxication, or prior stroke.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 507 OBJ: 3