Chapter 2 Theory, Research, and Evidence-Based Practice

Chapter 2  Theory, Research, and Evidence-Based Practice

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

1.
After reviewing several research articles, the clinical nurse specialist on a medical surgical unit rewrites the procedure on assessing placement of a nasogastric tube. What source of nursing knowledge did the nurse use in this situation?
A)
Scientific knowledge
B)
Traditional knowledge
C)
Authoritative knowledge
D)
Philosophical knowledge
Ans:
A

Feedback:

The clinical nurse specialist utilized scientific knowledge, which is gained through the research-based scientific method. Philosophical knowledge is not a source of nursing knowledge, but is a type of general knowledge. Authoritative knowledge comes from an expert and is accepted as truth based upon the person’s perceived expertise. Traditional knowledge is that part of nursing practice passed down from generation to generation and is not based upon scientific inquiry.

2.
Which of the following theories emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave?
A)
General systems theory
B)
Nursing theory
C)
Adaptation theory
D)
Developmental theory
Ans:
A

Feedback:

General systems theory describes how to break whole things into parts and then learn how the parts work together in “systems.” Nursing theory attempts to describe, explain, predict, and control desired outcomes of nursing care practices. Adaptation theory defines adaptation as the adjustment of living matter to other living things and to environmental conditions. Developmental theory outlines the process of growth and development of humans as orderly and predictable.

3.
A nurse researcher is studying perceptions of vocational rehabilitation for clients after a spinal cord injury. What type of research method will be used to study the perceptions of this group of individuals?
A)
Qualitative research
B)
Quantitative research
C)
Basic research
D)
Applied research
Ans:
A

Feedback:

The nurse researcher will use qualitative research methods to investigate perceptions, and the researcher will analyze words instead of numbers, which are analyzed in quantitative research. Basic and applied research are quantitative research methods.

4.
A staff development nurse is asking a group of new staff nurses to read and be prepared to discuss a qualitative study that focuses on nursing events of the past. This is done in an attempt to increase understanding of the nursing profession today. What method of qualitative research is used in this article?
A)
Historical
B)
Phenomenology
C)
Grounded theory
D)
Ethnography
Ans:
A

Feedback:

This article uses historical methodology, which examines events of the past to increase understanding of the nursing profession today. Phenomenology is used to describe experiences as they are lived by the subjects being studied. Grounded theory is the discovery of how people describe their own reality and how their beliefs are related to their actions in a social scene. Ethnography is used to examine issues of a culture that are of interest to nursing.

5.
In understanding the historical influences on nursing knowledge, nursing as a profession struggled for years to establish its own identify and to receive recognition for its contributions to health care. Why?
A)
The conceptual and theoretical basis for nursing practice came from outside the profession.
B)
Nurses were too busy working in practice to increase the public awareness associated with the role of the nurse.
C)
Nurses spent most of their time in laboratory settings conducting research.
D)
Women were independent and refused to work collectively.
Ans:
A

Feedback:

Despite Florence Nightingale’s belief in the uniqueness of nursing, the training of nurses was initially carried out under the direction and control of the medical profession. Because the conceptual and theoretical basis for nursing practice came from outside the profession, nursing struggled for years to establish its own identify and to receive recognition for its significant contributions to health care.