Chapter 16 Anatomy and Physiology of the Cardiovascular System

Chapter 16  Anatomy and Physiology of the Cardiovascular System

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

1.
The nurse is explaining to a patient with dysrhythmia how the heart conducts impulses that cause myocardial cells to contract simultaneously. The patient asks what structure allows this conduction from cell to cell. Which structure should the nurse mention?
A)
Intercalated disks
B)
Nuclei
C)
Mitochondria
D)
Ribosomes

2.
A nurse is explaining to a cardiac patient how mechanical contraction takes place in the myocardial cells in the heart. The nurse should explain that which of the following is needed for contraction? Select all that apply.
A)
ATP
B)
Calcium
C)
ADP
D)
Phosphorus
E)
Iron
F)
Zinc

3.
Which of the following statements is true of cell membrane depolarization? Select all that apply.
A)
In the resting myocardial cell, there are more potassium ions outside than inside the cell.
B)
In the depolarized state, the cell membrane is positively charged.
C)
Excitability is the term used to describe the ability of a cell to depolarize in response to a given stimulus.
D)
Pumps move sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell.

4.
What is the role of the atrioventricular node in a person with normal heart rate (60 to 100 bpm) and why?
A)
Acts as primary pacemaker, to establish the heart rate
B)
Accelerates conduction of atrial action potentials so that all ventricular cells contract almost simultaneously
C)
Delays conduction of atrial action potentials so that all ventricular cells contract almost simultaneously
D)
Pumps sodium out of the myocardial cell and potassium into it to cause cell membrane depolarization

5.
A nurse is working with a cardiac patient who is anxious about his upcoming surgery. At his request, the nurse hands him his MP3 player. After the patient listens to his MP3 player for a few moments, the nurse notices on the patient’s heart rate monitor that his heart rate has decreased somewhat. What physiological response would explain this decrease in heart rate?
A)
Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system and the subsequent release of norepinephrine
B)
Release of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla
C)
Release of norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla
D)
Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system and the subsequent release of acetylcholine

Answer Key

1.
A
2.
A, B
3.
C, D
4.
C
5.
D