Chapter 14 Medical Asepsis and Infection Control

Chapter 14  Medical Asepsis and Infection Control

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. Standard precautions are required when
A.
An infection is spread by indirect contact with an organism.
B.
Caring for any patient, whether or not an infection has been identified.
C.
A pathogen can spread via moist droplets.
D.
An infection that is transmitted on air currents is present.

____ 2. The nurse is teaching a group of newly hired unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) about proper hand washing. The nurse recognizes that teaching has been effective if the UAP is observed washing hands for at least
A.
1 minute.
B.
3 minutes.
C.
45 seconds.
D.
20 seconds.

____ 3. The staff is caring for a patient with a stage 2 pressure ulcer. Wound culture results come back revealing that methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was cultured from the wound. The best action of the staff is to
A.
Instruct all visitors to be fitted for a special mask which should be worn when entering the patient’s room.
B.
Don a clean gown and gloves each time the patient’s room is entered and care is provided.
C.
Place the patient in a room with another patient who requires droplet precautions.
D.
Notify the supervisor that the patient should be transferred to a negative-pressure room.

____ 4. The nurse is caring for a group of hospitalized patients. To help reduce hospital-acquired infections, the nurse should first
A.
Provide small bedside bags to dispose of used tissues.
B.
Administer antibiotics as ordered.
C.
Use strict hand washing before and after care of each patient.
D.
Instruct each staff member to wear a mask while providing care.

____ 5. The nurse is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with Clostridium difficile. The nurse would expect the patient’s plan of care to include
A.
Acyclovir.
B.
Penicillin.
C.
Vancomycin.
D.
Amputation.

Chapter 14. Medical Asepsis and Infection Control
Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: B

Feedback
A
This requires contact precautions.
B
Standard precautions are a group of safety measures performed to prevent the transmission of pathogens found in the blood and body fluids. This includes performing hand hygiene, wearing appropriate protective equipment if exposure is possible, and using cough etiquette. Standard precautions are performed with all patients, whether or not an infection has been diagnosed. Chapter Objective: Detail the use of standard precautions.
C
This requires droplet precautions.
D
This requires droplet precautions.

PTS: 1 REF: Chapter: 14 | Page: 262 OBJ: Chapter Objective: 14-11
KEY: Content Area: Standard/Transmission-Based/Other Precautions | Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Implementation | Client Need: Safety and Infection Control | Cognitive Level: Knowledge

2. ANS: D

Feedback
A
This is not required.
B
This is not required.
C
This is not required.
D
It is recommended that a UAP wash for at least 20 seconds—the length of time that it takes to sing “Happy Birthday” twice. Chapter Objective: Describe when and how to use hand hygiene.

PTS: 1 REF: Chapter: 14 | Page: 264 OBJ: Chapter Objective: 14-10
KEY: Content Area: Standard/Transmission-Based/Other Precautions | Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Evaluation | Client Need: Safety and Infection Control | Cognitive Level: Application

3. ANS: B

Feedback
A
Fitting for a mask is not necessary for contact precautions.
B
Contact precautions are required; therefore, a clean gown and gloves must be worn when any contact is anticipated with the patient or with contaminated items in the room. A respirator mask is required only with airborne precautions, not contact precautions. Negative-pressure rooms are used with airborne organisms. The patient should be placed in a private room or in a room if possible. Chapter Objective: Compare the purposes and types of transmission-based precautions.
C
Droplet precautions are not necessary.
D
A negative-pressure room is not necessary.

PTS: 1 REF: Chapter: 14 | Page: 266 OBJ: Chapter Objective: 14-12
KEY: Content Area: Standard/Transmission-Based/Other Precautions | Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Implementation | Client Need: Safety and Infection Control | Cognitive Level: Application

4. ANS: C

Feedback
A
Hand washing is the most important action.
B
Hand washing is the most important action.
C
The single most important way to break the chain of infection and to prevent HAIs is to perform hand hygiene. Chapter Objective: Describe when and how to use hand hygiene.
D
Hand washing is the most important action.

PTS: 1 REF: Chapter: 14 | Page: 260 OBJ: Chapter Objective: 14-10
KEY: Content Area: Standard/Transmission-Based/Other Precautions | Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Implementation | Client Need: Safety and Infection Control | Cognitive Level: Application

5. ANS: C

Feedback
A
This will not be effective.
B
This will not be effective.
C
Only two antibiotics will treat this: vancomycin and metronidazole. Acyclovir is an antiviral medication. Amputation is used in the treatment of gas gangrene, which is generally associated with Clostridium perfringens. Chapter Objective: Differentiate types of infections.
D
This will not be effective.

PTS: 1 REF: Chapter: 14 | Page: 258 OBJ: Chapter Objective: 14-5
KEY: Content Area: Standard/Transmission-Based/Other Precautions | Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Planning | Client Need: Safety and Infection Control | Cognitive Level: Analysis