Chapter 12 Solutions, Body Fluids, and Electrolytes

Chapter 12  Solutions, Body Fluids, and Electrolytes

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. What is a uniform distribution of large molecules that attract and hold water?
a.
colloid
b.
mixture
c.
solution
d.
suspension

ANS: A
Colloids (sometimes called dispersions or gels) consist of large molecules that attract and hold water

DIF: Application REF: p. 273 OBJ: 1

2. The combination of red blood cells in plasma is a good example of what?
a.
colloid
b.
mixture
c.
solution
d.
suspension

ANS: D
Red blood cells in plasma are an example of a suspension.

DIF: Application REF: p. 273 OBJ: 1

3. What is a stable mixture of two or more evenly dispersed substances?
a.
colloid
b.
mixture
c.
solution
d.
suspension

ANS: C
A solution is a stable mixture of two or more substances in a single phase. One substance is evenly dispersed throughout the other.

DIF: Application REF: p. 273 OBJ: 1

4. The ease with which a gas dissolves into a solvent is at least partially determined by which of the following?
a.
gas conductivity
b.
gas temperature
c.
level of 2,3-DPG
d.
solvent conductivity

ANS: B
The ease with which a solute dissolves in a solvent is its solubility, which is influenced by five factors:
1. Nature of the solute. The ease with which substances go into a solution in a given solvent depends on the forces of the solute-solute molecules and varies widely.
2. Nature of the solvent. A solvent’s ability to dissolve a solute depends on the bonds of the solvent-solvent molecules, and also varies widely.
3. Temperature. Solubility of most solids increases with increased temperature. However, the solubility of gases varies inversely with temperature.
4. Pressure. The solubility of solids and liquids is not greatly affected by pressure. The solubility of gases in liquids, however, varies directly with pressure.
5. Concentration. The concentration of a solute or available solvent will have an effect of how much of the substance goes into solution.

DIF: Application REF: p. 273 OBJ: 2

5. Which of the following is NOT true regarding solubility?
a.
Gas solubility varies directly with pressure.
b.
Gas solubility varies directly with temperature.
c.
Solvents vary in their ability to dissolve substances.
d.
The solubility of solids increases with temperature.

ANS: A
The ease with which a solute dissolves in a solvent is its solubility, which is influenced by five factors:
1. Nature of the solute. The ease with which substances go into a solution in a given solvent depends on the forces of the solute-solute molecules and varies widely.
2. Nature of the solvent. A solvent’s ability to dissolve a solute depends on the bonds of the solvent-solvent molecules, and also varies widely.
3. Temperature. Solubility of most solids increases with increased temperature. However, the solubility of gases varies inversely with temperature.
4. Pressure. The solubility of solids and liquids is not greatly affected by pressure. The solubility of gases in liquids, however, varies directly with pressure.
5. Concentration. The concentration of a solute or available solvent will have an effect of how much of the substance goes into solution.

DIF: Application REF: p. 273 OBJ: 2