Chapter 12 Exercise

Chapter 12  Exercise

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which 67-year-old is at most risk of developing coronary heart disease?
a.
One on a beta-blocker for hypertension
b.
One with a total cholesterol level of 201
c.
One who does not participate in any form of regular physical activity
d.
One with a family history of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

ANS: C
Physical inactivity affects more people in the development of coronary heart disease than any other risk factor. At any level or combination of risk factors, sedentary individuals are at greater risk of developing coronary heart diseases. Exercise provides both primary and secondary prevention. Thus, the person who does not participate in any form of regular physical activity is at most risk of developing coronary heart disease.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 295

2. During an office visit, a nurse provides counseling to a 70-year-old female with osteoporosis who is otherwise very healthy. The nurse should advise the woman to:
a.
Avoid all forms of exercise due to the risk of fractures
b.
Walk with a partner at least 30 minutes a day 5 days a week
c.
Use a wheelchair to get around so that she can prevent falls
d.
Take a step aerobic class 5 days a week

ANS: B
Regular physical activity helps maintain functional independence and improve quality of life throughout the aging process. The benefits of exercise have been documented for both healthy and chronically ill older adults. Exercise improves bone mineral density, especially weight-bearing activities such as walking, aerobic, and dance. Women 30 to 40 years past menopause also need to consider decreasing the risk of fractures by preventing falls. Advanced age and osteoporosis should not exclude anyone from exercise. Therefore, walking with a partner provides the exercise that is needed as well as a companion to help prevent falls or notify someone if a fall occurs.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 294-295 | 299 | 301

3. A 51-year-old woman begins menopause. The nurse emphasizes the importance of a diet high in calcium and vitamin D as well as exercise because by the time she is 56 it would be common for her to have experienced an additional:
a.
3% bone loss
b.
7% bone loss
c.
10% bone loss
d.
15% bone loss

ANS: D
The rate of bone loss accelerates rapidly during the first 5 postmenopausal years, with annual losses of 3% to 5% being common. 3% x 5 years (56 – 51) = 15%.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 299

4. The estimated maximum heart rate (MHR) for a 42-year-old woman is:
a.
126
b.
142
c.
178
d.
184

ANS: C
A generic formula for determining MHR is 220 minus age. 220 – 42 = 178.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 304

5. The most appropriate form of exercise for someone with moderate osteoarthritis of the knees is:
a.
Step aerobics
b.
Running
c.
Water aerobics
d.
Bike riding

ANS: C
Water activities are good exercise alternatives for people with musculoskeletal limitations who need some weight relief with exercise. The water provides buoyancy while also providing resistance to the limbs as they move. Studies have also demonstrated that people who participate in aquatic exercise experienced greater pain reduction than those who participated in land activities. Thus, water aerobics would be the most appropriate form of exercise for this individual.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Synthesis REF: 300 | 306