Chapter 11 Experiencing Health & Illness

Chapter 11  Experiencing Health & Illness

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A client’s risk of breast cancer is dramatically increased because both her sister and her mother have had breast cancer. Which of the multidimensional aspects of health does this scenario illustrate?
a)
Personal relationships
b)
Biological factors
c)
Lifestyle choices
d)
Environmental factors

ANS: B
Nurses respond to the physical, emotional, mental, and spiritual dimensions of health. Biological factors include genetic makeup, gender, age, and developmental stage. The risk of breast cancer increases dramatically in women who have a family history of a mother, sister, or daughter with breast cancer. Recently, a genetic marker for this type of breast cancer was discovered. This is an example of biological factors. Personal relationships are more psychosocial in nature; for example, family relationships can facilitate coping. Lifestyle choices involve such health behaviors as choosing not to use tobacco and other substances. Environmental factors involve, for example, environmental pollutants, or the psychosocial environment (a quiet versus a noisy hospital room).

Difficulty: Moderate
Client Need: Safe and Effective Care
Cognitive Level: Application

PTS: 1

2. Using the concept of the wellness–illness continuum, a nursing care plan for a chronically ill patient would outline steps to:
a)
Educate the patient about every possible complication associated with the specific illness
b)
Encourage positive health characteristics within the limits of the specific illness
c)
Limit all activities because of the progressive deterioration associated with all chronic illnesses
d)
Recommend activity beyond the scope of tolerance to prevent early deterioration

ANS: B
The health–illness continuum defines health and illness as a graduated spectrum that cannot be divided into parts. A person’s position on the continuum is constantly changing according to physiological changes, lifestyle choices, and the results of various choices. Encouraging positive health characteristics within the limits of the specific illness will promote maintenance of a personal state of health for the individual patient.

Difficulty: Moderate
Nursing Process: Planning
Client Need: HPM
Cognitive Level: Comprehension

PTS: 1

3. To establish a trusting relationship with a client, the nurse will focus on:
a)
Providing solutions to the patient
b)
Completing procedures and administering medication
c)
Taking time to get to know the patient
d)
The present, not the past

ANS: C
Take time to get to know your patient by setting a tone of caring, respect, and understanding. Establishing trust in your first contact with patients can go a long way toward relieving anxiety and preserving the energy needed for healing. Information gathered about the patient will include present illness and past history. Merely performing procedures, administering medications, or providing solutions to the patient does not allow you to support the patient transition from health to illness.

Difficulty: Moderate
Client Need: Safe and Effective Care
Cognitive Level: Knowledge

PTS: 1

4. The client is a 76-year-old man who is experiencing chronic illness. He has a genetic-linked anemia. He says he does not eat a balanced diet, as he prefers sweets to meat and vegetables. Which of the following dimensions of health can the nurse most likely influence by teaching and counseling him?
a)
Age-related changes
b)
Genetic anemia
c)
Eating habits
d)
Gender-related issues

ANS: C
The nurse is most likely to influence the patient’s eating habits because those are the dimensions over which he has the most control and, therefore, has the most potential for changing. Although people consider biological factors when they describe themselves as well or ill, they are not entirely within our control. Biological factors include age and developmental stage, genetic makeup, and gender.

Difficulty: Easy
Nursing Process: Planning
Client Need: HPM
Cognitive Level: Application

PTS: 1

5. What type of loss is most common among patients who are hospitalized for complex health conditions?
a)
Privacy
b)
Dignity
c)
Functional
d)
Identity

ANS: B
Hospitalized patients commonly experience the loss of dignity. Wearing a hospital gown, having their body exposed, invasive procedures, loss of control over body functions—all of these contribute to loss of dignity, and all are very common among hospitalized patients. Healthcare providers have a duty to protect privacy and confidentiality of patients, even though it is certainly threatened by some situations during hospitalization. Some patients lose functioning and identity during hospitalization, but they are not common occurrences.

Difficulty: Moderate
Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: PSI
Cognitive Level: Comprehension

PTS: 1