Chapter 10 Health & Physical Assessment In Nursing 3rd Edition

Chapter 10  Health & Physical Assessment In Nursing 3rd Edition

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

Question 1
Type: MCSA
The nurse is entering the room to assess a newly admitted client. Which best describes the purpose for a general survey that is conducted prior to beginning the physical assessment?
1. Allows for vital signs prior to starting exam.
2. Provides an opportunity for the client to relax before the exam.
3. Yields information to guide the physical assessment.
4. Provides the information necessary for the diagnosis.
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Vital signs are not part of the general survey. The general survey consists of four major observations: physical appearance, mental status, mobility, and behavior.
Rationale 2: The purpose of the general survey is to allow the nurse the opportunity to gather clues to guide the rest of the assessment; the purpose is not to give the client an opportunity to relax.
Rationale 3: The general survey allows the nurse to observe the client and gain clues to guide the remainder of the assessment.
Rationale 4: The general survey does not provide the necessary information to identify client problems or nursing diagnoses, but rather serves as a guide for a more detailed assessment.
Global Rationale: The general survey allows the nurse to observe the client and gain clues to guide the remainder of the assessment. Vital signs are not part of the general survey. The purpose of the general survey is to allow the nurse the opportunity to gather clues to guide the rest of the assessment; the purpose is not to give the client an opportunity to relax. The general survey consists of four major observations: physical appearance, mental status, mobility, and behavior. The general survey does not provide the necessary information to identify client problems or nursing diagnosis, but rather serves as a guide for a more detailed assessment.
Cognitive Level: Understanding
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Client Need Sub:
QSEN Competencies: III.A.5. Explain the role of evidence in determining best clinical practice.
AACN Essentials Competencies: IX.1. Conduct comprehensive and focused physical, behavioral, psychological, spiritual, socioeconomic, and environmental assessments of health and illness parameters in patients, using developmentally and culturally appropriate approaches.
NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe patient care.
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment
Learning Outcome: 10.1: Identify the components of the general survey.
MNL Learning Outcome:
Page Number: p. 158

Question 2
Type: MCSA
The nurse observes the client walking into the room and climbing up on the exam table. The nurse notes this activity to obtain data related to which item?
1. Mobility status.
2. Subjective assessments related to ambulation.
3. Activity tolerance.
4. Strength of upper and lower extremities.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: During a general survey, the nurse observes the client performing routine activities, such as walking and sitting. This allows the nurse to begin to gather data about the client’s mobility. These data will then be incorporated into the remainder of exam and history.
Rationale 2: Observation is an objective assessment.
Rationale 3: Activity tolerance is not a component of the general survey. The general survey consists of physical appearance, mental status, mobility, and behavior.
Rationale 4: Watching the client walk and sit gives the nurse information about the strength of a client’s lower extremities, but tells the nurse nothing about the client’s upper extremity strength.
Global Rationale: During a general survey, the nurse observes the client performing routine activities, such as walking and sitting. This allows the nurse to begin to gather data about the client’s mobility. These data will then be incorporated into the remainder of exam and history. Observation is an objective assessment. Activity tolerance is not a component of the general survey. The general survey consists of physical appearance, mental status, mobility, and behavior. Watching the client walk and sit gives the nurse information about the strength of a client’s lower extremities, but tells the nurse nothing about the client’s upper extremity strength.
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Client Need Sub:
QSEN Competencies: III.A.5. Explain the role of evidence in determining best clinical practice.
AACN Essentials Competencies: IX.1. Conduct comprehensive and focused physical, behavioral, psychological, spiritual, socioeconomic, and environmental assessments of health and illness parameters in patients, using developmentally and culturally appropriate approaches.
NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe patient care.
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment
Learning Outcome: 10.1: Identify the components of the general survey.
MNL Learning Outcome:
Page Number: p. 158

Question 3
Type: MCMA
The nurse is assessing an adult client. Which observations should the nurse include when documenting the general survey of this client?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Blood pressure 112/68, pulse 68, 98.6°F, respiratory rate 16.
2. Thin, well-nourished male client, appears younger than stated age.
3. Client moves about exam room without difficulty.
4. Abdomen flat, nondistended, bowel sounds present, nontender on palpation.
5. Pain rating of 3 on a 0 to 10 scale.
Correct Answer: 2, 3
Rationale 1: The vital signs are objective information, but not part of the actual general survey.
Rationale 2: The general survey is composed of four major categories of observation: physical appearance, mental status, mobility, and behavior of the client. The documentation thin, well-nourished male client, appears younger than stated age reflects the client’s physical appearance, one of the components of the general survey.
Rationale 3: The documentation client moves about exam room without difficulty describes the client’s overall mobility, another component of the general survey.
Rationale 4: The documentation abdomen flat, nondistended, bowel sounds present, nontender on palpation is specific to the abdominal assessment and not part of the general survey.
Rationale 5: A pain assessment is not included in the general survey of the client.
Global Rationale: The general survey is composed of four major categories of observation: physical appearance, mental status, mobility, and behavior of the client. The documentation thin, well-nourished male client, appears younger than stated age reflects the client’s physical appearance, one of the components of the general survey. The documentation client moves about exam room without difficulty describes the client’s overall mobility, another component of the general survey. The vital signs are objective information, but not part of the actual general survey. The documentation abdomen flat, nondistended, bowel sounds present, nontender on palpation is specific to the abdominal assessment and not part of the general survey. A pain assessment is included when assessing the client’s vital signs.
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Client Need Sub:
QSEN Competencies: III.A.5. Explain the role of evidence in determining best clinical practice.
AACN Essentials Competencies: IX.1. Conduct comprehensive and focused physical, behavioral, psychological, spiritual, socioeconomic, and environmental assessments of health and illness parameters in patients, using developmentally and culturally appropriate approaches.
NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe patient care.
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment
Learning Outcome: 10.2: Apply the general survey to the comprehensive health assessment.
MNL Learning Outcome:
Page Number: pp. 158–159

Question 4
Type: MCSA
The nurse is preparing to assess a client’s mental status within the general survey. Which data should the nurse use to assess this status?
1. Noting of the number of times the client looks to significant other while answering interview questions.
2. Asking the client to describe elements of his health history.
3. Studying the client’s clothing selections.
4. Noticing the client’s ability to make eye contact during the examination.
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: Observing the client walking into the examination room would help assess mobility.
Rationale 2: The general survey is composed of four major categories of observation: physical appearance, mental status, mobility, and client behavior. Asking the client to describe elements of his health history would help assess mental status.
Rationale 3: Studying the client’s clothing selections would help assess physical appearance.
Rationale 4: Noticing the client’s ability to make eye contact would help assess client behavior.
Global Rationale: The general survey is composed of four major categories of observation: physical appearance, mental status, mobility, and client behavior. Asking the client to describe elements of his health history would help assess mental status. Observing the client walking into the examination room would help assess mobility. Studying the client’s clothing selections would help assess physical appearance. Noticing the client’s ability to make eye contact would help assess client behavior.
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Client Need Sub:
QSEN Competencies: III.A.5. Explain the role of evidence in determining best clinical practice.
AACN Essentials Competencies: IX.1. Conduct comprehensive and focused physical, behavioral, psychological, spiritual, socioeconomic, and environmental assessments of health and illness parameters in patients, using developmentally and culturally appropriate approaches.
NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe patient care.
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment
Learning Outcome: 10.2: Apply the general survey to the comprehensive health assessment.
MNL Learning Outcome:
Page Number: pp. 158–159