Chapter 04 Principles of Infection Prevention and Control

Chapter 04  Principles of Infection Prevention and Control

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. About how many people die each year in the United States from hospital-acquired infections (HAIs)?
a.
5,000
b.
25,000
c.
99,000
d.
250,000

ANS: C
HAIs account for an estimated 1.7 million infections; $4.5 billion in costs, and 99,000 excess deaths annually.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 62 OBJ: 1

2. Approximately what percent of patients receiving mechanical ventilation develop pneumonia as a complication?
a.
1%
b.
10%
c.
15%
d.
25%

ANS: D
Approximately 25% of patients undergoing mechanical ventilation develop pneumonia.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 62 OBJ: 1

3. Which of the following is considered the primary source of infection in the health care setting?
a.
medical equipment
b.
humans
c.
food and water
d.
carpet

ANS: B
Humans (patients, personnel, or visitors) are the primary source for infectious agents in the health care setting

DIF: Recall REF: p. 62 OBJ: 1

4. How do endotracheal tubes increase the risk of infection?
a.
impeding local host defenses
b.
providing surfaces for biofilms to develop
c.
by reducing neutrophil effectiveness
d.
both A and B

ANS: D
Endotracheal tubes allow pathogens to increase the risk of infection by impeding local host defenses and providing biofilms that may facilitate adherence of pathogens.

DIF: Application REF: p. 62 OBJ: 5

5. All of the following factors increase the risk of surgical patients for developing postoperative pneumonia except:
a.
obesity
b.
prolonged intubation
c.
history of smoking
d.
strong cough

ANS: D
Patients at highest risk include elderly persons, the severely obese, those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or a history of smoking, and those having an artificial airway in place for long periods. Strong cough mechanism actually helps to prevent atelectasis and pneumonia

DIF: Recall REF: p. 63 OBJ: 4